RESUMO
A 4-year-old girl presented with clinical evidence of infective endocarditis involving her aortic valve, but blood cultures were sterile. Serologic studies and analysis of resected valve by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction established the diagnosis of Bartonella henselae endocarditis. Clinicians should be aware that B. henselae can cause apparent culture-negative endocarditis in children.
Assuntos
Bartonella henselae/isolamento & purificação , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/complicações , Endocardite Bacteriana/microbiologia , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Valva Aórtica/química , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/diagnóstico , Doença da Arranhadura de Gato/terapia , Pré-Escolar , Endocardite Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Endocardite Bacteriana/cirurgia , Feminino , Cardiopatias Congênitas/complicações , Cardiopatias Congênitas/cirurgia , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Imuno-Histoquímica , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
In this study we isolated the pilin gene from the Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF) clone of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius, expressed the gene in Escherichia coli, and determined its nucleotide sequence. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the BPF pilin gene with the sequences of pilin genes from strains of H. influenzae sensu stricto demonstrated a high degree of identity. Consistent with this observation, hemagglutination inhibition studies performed with a series of glycoconjugates indicated that BPF pili and H. influenzae type b pili possess the same erythrocyte receptor specificity.
Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Genes Bacterianos , Haemophilus influenzae/genética , Púrpura/microbiologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Southern Blotting , Brasil , Clonagem Molecular , Proteínas de Fímbrias , Glicoconjugados/farmacologia , Hemaglutinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Oligodesoxirribonucleotídeos/química , Alinhamento de Sequência , Homologia de Sequência de AminoácidosRESUMO
Clonally related strains of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius have recently been associated with Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF), a fulminant, systemic disease in children. Using an infant rat bacteremia model for BPF, we found that a rat blood-passaged BPF isolate of H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius was more virulent than the original strain was. When compared with the original strain, the animal-passaged variant was found to display an altered lipooligosaccharide (LOS) phenotype and to lack pili. To examine the role of LOS phenotype and pili in virulence, we isolated isogenic variants differing in LOS phenotype or expression of pili. The virulence of variants was compared by examining the results of blood cultures obtained 24 h after intraperitoneal inoculation with 10(5) CFU. Our results indicate that the LOS phenotype is a critical determinant of BPF clone virulence for infant rats. To a lesser extent, the absence of piliation and an undefined additional factor(s) contribute to virulence.
Assuntos
Infecções por Haemophilus/etiologia , Haemophilus influenzae/patogenicidade , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Brasil , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Fímbrias Bacterianas , Fenótipo , Púrpura/etiologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , VirulênciaAssuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Imunoglobulina E/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios/imunologia , Infecções por Respirovirus/imunologia , Bronquite/imunologia , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/classificação , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Pneumonia Viral/imunologia , Sons Respiratórios/etiologiaAssuntos
Toxoide Diftérico/efeitos adversos , Vacina contra Coqueluche/efeitos adversos , Toxoide Tetânico/efeitos adversos , Toxoide Diftérico/imunologia , Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche , Combinação de Medicamentos/efeitos adversos , Combinação de Medicamentos/imunologia , Humanos , Vacina contra Coqueluche/imunologia , Toxoide Tetânico/imunologiaRESUMO
Chi-square and logistic stepwise multiple regression analysis of perinatal determinants of infant bacterial infection following prolonged rupture of amniotic membranes for 24 hours or more prior to delivery was applied in 33 infected infants and 66 matched control infants from the NINCDS Collaborative Project. In order of statistical significance, the most important variables were placental inflammation (P = 0.002), gestational age less than 34 weeks (P = 0.008), gestational age 34 to 37 weeks (P = 0.013), male sex (P = 0.015), Apgar score less than 6 at 5 minutes (P = 0.023), and clinical amnionitis (maternal fever, fetal tachycardia, or amniotic or gastric fluid leukocytes or bacteria) (P = 0.044). Duration of labor during PROM, race, and maternal age and parity were insignificant. Using these predictive variables, identification of infected infants for either microbial surveillance (superficial and systemic cultures) or microbial surveillance and anticipatory antibiotic therapy (discontinued after 3 days of negative cultures) was highly significant (P = 0.0001). Incorporating these variables and derived coefficients from multivariate analysis, a mathematical model was used for evaluation and prediction of perinatal bacterial infection with a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 70%. Analysis of 46 infants prior to and 310 infants after implementation of this process at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center indicated significant improvement in the appropriate management of these infants at risk (from 59% to 87% of the population, P less than 0.05). Inappropriate antibiotic therapy decreased from 35% to 10% (P less than 0.05). In the absence of a shift in the median days of hospitalization of non-PROM infants, determination of the grand median days of PROM infant hospital stay showed a decrease (P less than 0.01) after initiation of this evaluation and management scheme.
Assuntos
Âmnio/microbiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Índice de Apgar , Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/microbiologia , Análise de Regressão , Risco , Fatores SexuaisAssuntos
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/congênito , Diarreia/etiologia , Eritema/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pneumonia/etiologia , Gravidez , Recidiva , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/transmissão , SíndromeRESUMO
A pediatric nurse practitioner course has been described in which 30 nurse trainees spent six seeks in an intensive training program followed by six months of preceptorship with a pediatrician in their own agency. This short but intensive program had advantages of permitting the PNP student to retain her health care agency position during the intensive part of the program and of assuring her a position as a PNP once the course was completed. Evaluation of the students by written and practical examinations indicated that they had made significant gains in their knowledge and understanding of pediatrics and in their ability to evaluate and refer patients and to provide well-child care and maternal counseling.