[Clinical, morphological and biochemical changes in lambs caused by Fusarium toxins]. / Klinichni, morfologichni i biokhimichni promeni pri shileta, predizvikani ot toksini na Fusarium.

Studied was the effect of toxic trichotecenes and the F-2 toxin on the health status and the morphologic and biochemical changes in the blood on weaned lambs. It was shown that there was a drop of the hemoglobin content, rise of the leucocyte count, and decrease in the amount of the total proteins along with an increase in the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate-dehydrogenase. The morphologic changes appeared confined to the rumen, lymph nodes of the forestomach, duodenal mucosa, liver, and kidneys.

[Clinical, morphological and biochemical changes in pigs caused by the toxic metabolites of Fusarium tricinctum]. / Klinichni, morfologichni i biokhimichni promeni pri praseta, predizvikani ot toksichni metaboliti na Fusarium trichinatum.

Experiments were carried out with pigs in the course of 30 days with the use of dietary mixtures containing 10 and 20 per cent cultures of Fusarium tricinctum in rice. The treated animals showed higher sensitivity to trichotecenes. These moulds metabolites raised the activity of the serum glutamate oxaloacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminases, aldolase, lactate dehydrogenases, alkaline phosphatase, lipid level, and leukocyte count but lowered the amount of total protein and that of hemoglobin. The morphologic lesions seemed confined mainly to the stomach, intestines, and kidneys.

[Comparative immunological studies and the determination of the epizootiological effectiveness of Soviet vaccine LTF-130 in trichophytosis]. / Sravnitelni imunologichni izsledvaniia i opredeliane epizootologichnata efektivnost na suvetskata vaksina LTF-130 pri trikhofitiiata.

The immunological response of calves vaccinated against herpes is explained and the epizootic effectiveness of the Soviet vaccine ltf 130 applied in Bulgaria is assessed. The antigenic relation of the vaccine's strain with the agent causing herpes in Bulgaria was revealed by parallel investigation on serum RCB of calves suffering from herpes and of calves vaccinated with ltf 130. The immunological response was assessed by proving the existence of complement binding antibodies. It was found that vaccinated calves react by producing complement binding antibodies up to the 45th day post immunization. During the 1976-1978 year period 62 121 calves and heifers were treated for medicative purposes and 653 666 calves and heifers--for prophylactic purposes. From all vaccine treated animals 95.4-98.8% recovered. No cases of herpes were observed in animals vaccinated prophylactically.

[Candida infections in farm animals and birds]. / Prouchvane na kandidozata po selskostopanskite zhivotni i ptitsi.

Studied were swab samples taken from the oral cavity, the nostrils, and the rectum, resp., the cloaca of a total of 2315 calves, pigs, chickens, poulets, and turkey-poults to demonstrate the presence of fungi of the genus Candida. The material was taken from healthy animals and birds as well as from such that had digestive troubles, bronchitis, and bronchopneumontia. Isolated were the species; C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. pelliculosa, C. gulliermondii, and C. utilis. The various species were differentiated on the basis of their morphologic and cultural characteristics and their biochemical behaviour. It was established that C. albicans only manifested pathogenic properties. It was experimentally demonstrated that the appearance of a Candida infection was facilitated by the simultaneous application of a fungus culture and antibiotics of a broad spectrum. Histopathologic investigations were carried out of experimentally infected and spontaneously affected birds.

[Parasitic fusaria in corn an attempts to isolate phytoestrogens from them]. / Parazitni fuzarii po tsarevitsata i opiti za izolirane na fitoestrogeni ot tiakh.

A total of 123 fungus strains of the Fusarium genus were found in 181 samples of maize. Fusarium moniliforme was most frequently isolated. It was found that 14 of the strains produced F-2 toxin. Experiments were carried out with 50 male and female guinea pigs. Each of the test animals was given orally 0.2 ml (daily, in the course of twenty days) crude toxin obtained through growing the fungus--selected strains--on sterile maize flour. It was established that most of the tested toxins affected the reproductive apparatus of the animals, causing necrobiotic and degenerative changes. Some Furarium species even produced toxic substances that manifested tropism to the digestive tract, liver, kidneys, heart, the nervous system, where they caused hemodynamic troubles and degenerative changes.

[Dermatophyte and Candida genus fungal carrier state in piglets]. / Vurkhu nositelstvo na dermatofiti i gubichki ot rod Candida pri praseta

Studied were a total of 1200 pigs aged 1, 2, and 3 months, showing no clinical symptoms of skin or hair diseases. It was demonstrated that Candida carriers accounted for 2.6 per cent among the animals raised under primitive pigsty conditions, and for 2.5 per cent of those raised under industrial conditions. First of the isolated fungi of this genus ranked Candida krusei, followed by C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondi. Of the kerationophil fungi K. ajelloi was demonstrated in 0.19 per cent of the pigs kept under both primitive and industrial conditions of raising. In those that were raised in primitive pig-house conditions M. gypseum, M. cookei, and T. terrestre were also found.