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1.
Emerg Med J ; 29(1): 54-5, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21335576

RESUMO

The use of a suction laryngoscope that enables simultaneous suction and laryngoscopy was evaluated. 34 emergency medical technicians intubated the trachea of a manikin with simulated upper airway haemorrhage using the suction laryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope, in random order. When using the suction laryngoscope, the number of oesophageal intubations was lower (3/34 vs 11/34; p=0.021) and the time taken to intubation was shorter (mean (SD) 50 (15) vs 58 (27) s; p=0.041). In cases of airway haemorrhage, the use of the suction laryngoscope might be beneficial.


Assuntos
Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/terapia , Auxiliares de Emergência , Hemorragia , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Laringoscópios , Sucção/instrumentação , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/etiologia , Emergências , Hemorragia/complicações , Humanos , Manequins , Tamanho da Amostra
2.
Br J Cancer ; 106(1): 189-98, 2012 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22108517

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The role of CHAC1 (cation transport regulator-like protein 1), a recently identified component of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, in gynaecological cancers has not yet been characterised. Now, this work illustrates CHAC1 mRNA expression and associated clinical outcome in breast and ovarian cancer. METHODS: The prognostic value of CHAC1 and its two transcript variants was investigated in 116 breast and 133 ovarian tissues using quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR. Subsequently, we conducted functional studies using short-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown and plasmid-mediated overexpression of CHAC1 in breast and ovarian cancer cells. RESULTS: Poorly differentiated tumours exhibited higher CHAC1 mRNA expression (breast cancer: P=0.004; ovarian cancer: P=0.024). Hormone receptor-negative breast tumours and advanced-staged ovarian cancers demonstrated elevated CHAC1 mRNA expression levels (P<0.001 and P=0.026, respectively). The multivariate survival analysis showed a prognostic value of both transcript variants in breast cancer (transcript variant 1: RR(death) 6.7 (2.4-18.9); P<0.001), RR(relapse) 6.7 (2.1-21.3); P=0.001); (transcript variant 2: RR(death) 4.9 (2.0-12.4); P<0.001), RR(relapse) 8.0 (2.4-26.8); P<0.001). Ovarian cancer patients aged younger than 62.6 years with high CHAC1 mRNA expression showed poorer relapse-free- and overall-survival (P=0.030 and P=0.012, respectively). In functional studies CHAC1 knockdown suppressed cell migration, whereas ectopic overexpression opposed these effects. CONCLUSION: High CHAC1 mRNA expression could be an independent indicator for elevated risk of cancer recurrence in breast and ovarian cancer.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/genética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Splicing de RNA , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Sequência de Bases , Western Blotting , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Primers do DNA , Feminino , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Ovarianas/genética
3.
Ann Oncol ; 20(6): 1113-20, 2009 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19164459

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The relationship between serum cholesterol and cancer incidence remains controversial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated the association of total serum cholesterol (TSC) with subsequent cancer incidence in a population-based cohort of 172 210 Austrian adults prospectively followed up for a median of 13.0 years. Cox regression, allowing for time-dependent effects, was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association of TSC with cancer. RESULTS: We observed pronounced short-term associations of TSC and overall cancer incidence in both men and women. For malignancies diagnosed shortly (<5 months) after baseline TSC measurement, the highest TSC tertile (>235.0 mg/dl in men and >229.0 in women) compared with the lowest tertile (<194.0 mg/dl in men and <190.0 in women) was associated with a significantly lower overall cancer risk [HR = 0.58 (95% CI 0.43-0.78, P(trend) = 0.0001) in men, HR = 0.69 (95% CI 0.49-0.99, P(trend) = 0.03) in women]. However, after roughly 5 months from baseline measurement, overall cancer risk was not significantly associated with TSC. The short-term inverse association of TSC with cancer was mainly driven by malignancies of the digestive organs and lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue. CONCLUSION: The short-term decrease of cancer risk seen for high levels of TSC may largely capture preclinical effects of cancer on TSC.


Assuntos
Colesterol/sangue , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/sangue , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem
4.
Ann Oncol ; 18(11): 1893-7, 2007 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17785768

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that serum uric acid (SUA), via its antioxidant properties may protect against carcinogenesis. However, few epidemiological investigations have addressed this association and previous findings are inconsistent. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We prospectively investigated the relation of SUA levels to subsequent cancer mortality in a large cohort of 28613 elderly Austrian women with a median follow-up of 15.2 years. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were calculated to evaluate SUA as an independently related factor to fatal cancer events. RESULTS: High SUA (>5.41 mg/dL) was independently associated with increased risk of total cancer mortality (p<0.0001); the adjusted hazard ratio for the highest versus lowest quartile of SUA was 1.27 (1.08-1.48). SUA levels were further positively related to deaths from malignant neoplasms of breast and female genital organs (P = 0.02) and nervous system and unspecified sites (P = 0.02). We found no evidence for an inverse relationship between SUA levels and risk of total or site-specific cancer mortality. CONCLUSION: Our results are contrary to the proposed antioxidant and protective effect of SUA against cancer and rather suggest high SUA concentrations to be associated with outcome possibly reflecting more serious prognostic indication.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Neoplasias/sangue , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Ácido Úrico/sangue , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Áustria , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias/prevenção & controle , Prevenção Primária , Probabilidade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Análise de Sobrevida , Ácido Úrico/análise
5.
Eur J Neurol ; 14(6): 672-8, 2007 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17539948

RESUMO

For patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis, benefit from carotid artery stenting (CAS) highly depends on the 30-day stroke and death rates. Identification of predictors of unfavourable outcome would help guide the patient selection. We analysed the influence of clinical and angiographic factors on the 30-day outcomes of 77 consecutive patients who underwent CAS for > or = 60% symptomatic carotid stenosis within 180 days of transient ischaemic attack or moderate stroke (modified Rankin Scale score < or = 3). The 30-day composite end-point for stroke (7.8%) and death of any cause (1.3%) was 9.1%. Patients with complicated CAS were older than patients with uncomplicated CAS (mean age 75.1 +/- 8.2 vs. 65.9 +/- 9.5 years, P = 0.015) and underwent stenting significantly earlier after the qualifying event: median delay 1.5 weeks (range: 0.2-3.0) vs. 3.2 weeks (range: 0.5-26), P = 0.004. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.148; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.011-1.304 and P = 0.033] and delay of treatment < 2 weeks (OR = 22.399; 95% CI: 2.245-223.445 and P = 0.008) remained the only variables significantly associated with 30-day outcome. CAS carries a considerable risk in old patients and when performed early (< 2 weeks) after the qualifying event. Future reports should address the timing of CAS.


Assuntos
Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico , Stents/efeitos adversos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Angioplastia/métodos , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/mortalidade , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Análise de Regressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Fatores de Tempo
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