Smoking cessation knowledge and perceptions of cancer care providers at six Latin American cancer institutions.

Objective: To assess the characteristics, self-reported tobacco use, knowledge, and perceptions about smoking cessation among cancer care providers (CCPs), as well as perceived barriers to inform interventions that can potentially improve quitting rates and the prognosis of cancer patients in Latin America. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 996 CCPs in six cancer institutions located in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. An online survey consisting of 28 close-ended questions adapted from the 2012 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer survey and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey was administered. Results: The majority of CCPs, ranging from 86.1% in Mexico to 95.9% in Brazil, agreed or strongly agreed that smoking cessation should be integrated into cancer treatment. However, inadequate training on smoking cessation was reported by 66.9%, 69.4%, 70.4%, 72.9%, 85.8%, and 86.4% in Mexico, Colombia (Floridablanca), Argentina, Peru, Brazil, and Colombia (Medellín), respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Moreover, current cigarette smoking prevalence among CCPs was 2.5% in Brazil, 4.6% in Peru, 6.3% in Colombia (Floridablanca), 10.4% in Colombia (Medellín), 11.5% in Mexico, and 15.1% in Argentina, showing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Efforts in Latin America should be geared toward assisting CCPs with their quitting efforts and training in smoking cessation practices aimed at achieving a better prognosis and improving cancer patients' quality of life.

Smoking cessation knowledge and perceptions of cancer care providers at six Latin American cancer institutions

[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To assess the characteristics, self-reported tobacco use, knowledge, and perceptions about smok- ing cessation among cancer care providers (CCPs), as well as perceived barriers to inform interventions that can potentially improve quitting rates and the prognosis of cancer patients in Latin America. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 996 CCPs in six cancer institutions located in Argen- tina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. An online survey consisting of 28 close-ended questions adapted from the 2012 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer survey and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey was administered. Results. The majority of CCPs, ranging from 86.1% in Mexico to 95.9% in Brazil, agreed or strongly agreed that smoking cessation should be integrated into cancer treatment. However, inadequate training on smoking cessation was reported by 66.9%, 69.4%, 70.4%, 72.9%, 85.8%, and 86.4% in Mexico, Colombia (Floridab- lanca), Argentina, Peru, Brazil, and Colombia (Medellín), respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Moreover, current cigarette smoking prevalence among CCPs was 2.5% in Brazil, 4.6% in Peru, 6.3% in Colombia (Floridablanca), 10.4% in Colombia (Medellín), 11.5% in Mexico, and 15.1% in Argentina, showing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Efforts in Latin America should be geared toward assisting CCPs with their quitting efforts and training in smoking cessation practices aimed at achieving a better prognosis and improving cancer patients’ quality of life.

[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Evaluar entre los prestadores de atención a pacientes con cáncer las características, el consumo de tabaco referido por la misma persona, sus conocimientos y sus impresiones acerca de dejar de fumar, así como los obstáculos percibidos, para sustentar las intervenciones que puedan mejorar las tasas de aban- dono del consumo y el pronóstico de los pacientes con cáncer en América Latina. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 996 prestadores de atención oncológica en seis instituciones oncológicas ubicadas en Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, México y Perú. Se realizó una encuesta en línea con 28 preguntas cerradas adaptadas de la encuesta de la Asociación Internacional para el Estudio del Cáncer de Pulmón del 2012 y la Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo en Adultos. Resultados. La mayoría de los prestadores de atención oncológica, del 86,1% en México al 95,9% en Brasil, estuvieron de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo con que el abandono del tabaco debería integrarse en el tratamiento del cáncer. Sin embargo, 66,9%, 69,4%, 70,4%, 72,9%, 85,8% y 86,4% en México, Colombia (Floridablanca), Argentina, Perú, Brasil y Colombia (Medellín), respectivamente, dieron parte de una formación inadecuada en cuanto al abandono del tabaco, y esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Además, la prevalencia actual del consumo de tabaco entre los proveedores de atención oncológica fue de 2,5% en Brasil, 4,6% en Perú, 6,3% en Colombia (Floridablanca), 10,4 % en Colombia (Medellín), 11,5% en México y 15,1% en Argentina, y mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Conclusiones. En América Latina, deben canalizarse los esfuerzos para ayudar a los prestadores de atención oncológica a abandonar el consumo de tabaco y apoyarlos en la capacitación acerca de las prácticas de abandono del tabaco dirigidas a lograr un pronóstico más favorable y mejorar la calidad de vida de los paci- entes con cáncer.

[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Avaliar as características, o uso autorrelatado de tabaco, o conhecimento e as percepções sobre o abandono do tabagismo entre os profissionais da área de oncologia (PAO), bem como as barreiras perce- bidas, a fim de guiar intervenções que possam melhorar as taxas de abandono e o prognóstico de pacientes com câncer na América Latina. Métodos. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 996 PAO em seis instituições de oncologia localizadas na Argentina, no Brasil, na Colômbia, no México e no Peru. Administrou-se uma pesquisa on-line com 28 pergun- tas fechadas, adaptadas do levantamento realizado em 2012 pela Associação Internacional para o Estudo do Câncer de Pulmão e do Global Adult Tobacco Survey (Levantamento Global do Tabagismo em Adultos). Resultados. A maioria dos PAO, variando de 86,1% (no México) a 95,9% (no Brasil), concordou parcial ou totalmente com a necessidade de integrar o abandono do tabagismo ao tratamento do câncer. Entretanto, o treinamento inadequado sobre o abandono do tabagismo foi relatado por 66,9% no México, 69,4% na Colôm- bia (Floridablanca), 70,4% na Argentina, 72,9% no Peru, 85,8% no Brasil e 86,4% na Colômbia (Medellín), e essa diferença foi estatisticamente significante (p < 0,001). Além disso, a prevalência atual de consumo de cigarro entre os PAO foi de 2,5% no Brasil, 4,6% no Peru, 6,3% na Colômbia (Floridablanca), 10,4% na Colômbia (Medellín), 11,5% no México, e 15,1% na Argentina, mostrando uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,001). Conclusões. Os esforços na América Latina devem ser direcionados para o auxílio aos PAO em seus esforços de abandonar o tabagismo e para o treinamento sobre métodos para abandono do tabagismo, com o objetivo de melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com câncer.

Smoking cessation knowledge and perceptions of cancer care providers at six Latin American cancer institutions / Conocimientos e impresiones acerca de dejar de fumar entre prestadores de atención a pacientes con cáncer de seis instituciones oncológicas de América Latina / Conhecimento e percepções de profissionais de atenção oncológica sobre o abandono do tabagismo em seis instituições de oncologia da América Latina

ABSTRACT Objective. To assess the characteristics, self-reported tobacco use, knowledge, and perceptions about smoking cessation among cancer care providers (CCPs), as well as perceived barriers to inform interventions that can potentially improve quitting rates and the prognosis of cancer patients in Latin America. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 996 CCPs in six cancer institutions located in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. An online survey consisting of 28 close-ended questions adapted from the 2012 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer survey and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey was administered. Results. The majority of CCPs, ranging from 86.1% in Mexico to 95.9% in Brazil, agreed or strongly agreed that smoking cessation should be integrated into cancer treatment. However, inadequate training on smoking cessation was reported by 66.9%, 69.4%, 70.4%, 72.9%, 85.8%, and 86.4% in Mexico, Colombia (Floridablanca), Argentina, Peru, Brazil, and Colombia (Medellín), respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Moreover, current cigarette smoking prevalence among CCPs was 2.5% in Brazil, 4.6% in Peru, 6.3% in Colombia (Floridablanca), 10.4% in Colombia (Medellín), 11.5% in Mexico, and 15.1% in Argentina, showing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Efforts in Latin America should be geared toward assisting CCPs with their quitting efforts and training in smoking cessation practices aimed at achieving a better prognosis and improving cancer patients' quality of life.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar entre los prestadores de atención a pacientes con cáncer las características, el consumo de tabaco referido por la misma persona, sus conocimientos y sus impresiones acerca de dejar de fumar, así como los obstáculos percibidos, para sustentar las intervenciones que puedan mejorar las tasas de abandono del consumo y el pronóstico de los pacientes con cáncer en América Latina. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 996 prestadores de atención oncológica en seis instituciones oncológicas ubicadas en Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, México y Perú. Se realizó una encuesta en línea con 28 preguntas cerradas adaptadas de la encuesta de la Asociación Internacional para el Estudio del Cáncer de Pulmón del 2012 y la Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo en Adultos. Resultados. La mayoría de los prestadores de atención oncológica, del 86,1% en México al 95,9% en Brasil, estuvieron de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo con que el abandono del tabaco debería integrarse en el tratamiento del cáncer. Sin embargo, 66,9%, 69,4%, 70,4%, 72,9%, 85,8% y 86,4% en México, Colombia (Floridablanca), Argentina, Perú, Brasil y Colombia (Medellín), respectivamente, dieron parte de una formación inadecuada en cuanto al abandono del tabaco, y esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Además, la prevalencia actual del consumo de tabaco entre los proveedores de atención oncológica fue de 2,5% en Brasil, 4,6% en Perú, 6,3% en Colombia (Floridablanca), 10,4 % en Colombia (Medellín), 11,5% en México y 15,1% en Argentina, y mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Conclusiones. En América Latina, deben canalizarse los esfuerzos para ayudar a los prestadores de atención oncológica a abandonar el consumo de tabaco y apoyarlos en la capacitación acerca de las prácticas de abandono del tabaco dirigidas a lograr un pronóstico más favorable y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer.

RESUMO Objetivo. Avaliar as características, o uso autorrelatado de tabaco, o conhecimento e as percepções sobre o abandono do tabagismo entre os profissionais da área de oncologia (PAO), bem como as barreiras percebidas, a fim de guiar intervenções que possam melhorar as taxas de abandono e o prognóstico de pacientes com câncer na América Latina. Métodos. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 996 PAO em seis instituições de oncologia localizadas na Argentina, no Brasil, na Colômbia, no México e no Peru. Administrou-se uma pesquisa on-line com 28 perguntas fechadas, adaptadas do levantamento realizado em 2012 pela Associação Internacional para o Estudo do Câncer de Pulmão e do Global Adult Tobacco Survey (Levantamento Global do Tabagismo em Adultos). Resultados. A maioria dos PAO, variando de 86,1% (no México) a 95,9% (no Brasil), concordou parcial ou totalmente com a necessidade de integrar o abandono do tabagismo ao tratamento do câncer. Entretanto, o treinamento inadequado sobre o abandono do tabagismo foi relatado por 66,9% no México, 69,4% na Colômbia (Floridablanca), 70,4% na Argentina, 72,9% no Peru, 85,8% no Brasil e 86,4% na Colômbia (Medellín), e essa diferença foi estatisticamente significante (p < 0,001). Além disso, a prevalência atual de consumo de cigarro entre os PAO foi de 2,5% no Brasil, 4,6% no Peru, 6,3% na Colômbia (Floridablanca), 10,4% na Colômbia (Medellín), 11,5% no México, e 15,1% na Argentina, mostrando uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,001). Conclusões. Os esforços na América Latina devem ser direcionados para o auxílio aos PAO em seus esforços de abandonar o tabagismo e para o treinamento sobre métodos para abandono do tabagismo, com o objetivo de melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com câncer.

Cross-sectional survey for assessing cancer care providers' characteristics and attitudes on smoking cessation in Colombia and Mexico.

OBJECTIVE: Cancer care providers' (CCPs) attitudes towards smoking cessation are influenced by many factors, including their smoking status and knowledge. Our objective was to assess CCPs' characteristics, tobacco use and smoking cessation practices in two Latin American cancer centres. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTINGS: Two urban cancer centres located in Colombia and Mexico. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 238 CCPs. MEASURES: Online survey consisted of 28 close-ended questions adapted from the 2012 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer survey and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey developed by the WHO. Means, frequencies and proportions were reported for each country. Factors associated to providing of smoking cessation treatment or referral at initial visit were evaluated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Current smoking prevalence was 10.5% and 12.3% among Colombian and Mexican CCPs, respectively. Around three quarters of the Colombian (86.4%) and Mexican CCPs (66.1%) considered to have inadequate training in smoking cessation. Approximately two-thirds of Colombian (67.5%) and Mexican CCPs (63.9%) reported always or most of the time asking patients about tobacco use during the initial visit. In Colombia and Mexico, the most relevant barriers for providing cessation services were (1) difficulties for motivating patients with cancer, (2) patient resistance in quitting smoking, (3) lack of local resources or referral centres for smoking cessation and (4) lack of training in smoking cessation. CCPs appointed at Instituto Nacional de Cancerología were less likely to provide cessation treatment or referral to their patients if they had less than 50% of their time devoted to patient care and were former or current smokers. The regression model for Instituto de Cancerología did not retain statistically significant variables. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight an urgent need for assisting Latin American CCPs in their quitting efforts as well as expanding formal smoking cessation training specifically tailored to these professionals for improving patients' cancer prognosis and quality of life.

Endocarditis infecciosa por candida: presentación de 3 casos y revisión de la literatura / Infective endocarditis due to candida: presentation of 3 cases and literature review

Se revisan 3 casos de endocarditis infecciosa por Candida sp en individuos sin inmunodeficiencia pero sometidos a cirugía mayor, uso prolongado de antimicrobianos e implantes de material protésico. Se analizan los dificultades en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento