NYX-2925, A Novel N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Modulator: A First-in-Human, Randomized, Double-blind Study of Safety and Pharmacokinetics in Adults.

NYX-2925, a new chemical entity, acts as a co-agonist to glutamate at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). At low concentrations of endogenous agonists (glycine/D-serine), NYX-2925 partially activates NMDARs, modulating neural pathways relevant for chronic pain. NYX-2925 is being developed for the treatment of chronic pain conditions, including painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and fibromyalgia. In this first-in-human, phase I, single-ascending dose (50-1,200 mg) and multiple-ascending dose (150-900 mg) study, the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PKs) of NYX-2925 were evaluated in 84 healthy adult volunteers. No safety concerns emerged, including no dissociative side effects. NYX-2925 exhibited dose-proportional PKs and minimal accumulation following once-daily dosing for 7 days. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measurements confirmed that NYX-2925 crosses the blood brain barrier, with maximum CSF concentrations approximating 6-9% of maximum plasma concentrations at the same dose level. NYX-2925 was safe and well-tolerated in healthy volunteers, and the study results support the continued clinical development for chronic pain conditions.

Breast self-examination and breast cancer awareness in women in developing countries: a survey of women in Buea, Cameroon.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Cameroon, breast cancer causes as many as 10.7 deaths per 100,000 women making it the second cause of cancer mortality. Better documenting women's knowledge and practices on breast cancer and breast self-exam (BSE) would be useful in the design of interventions aimed at preventing breast cancer. This study sought to 1. describe Cameroonian women's knowledge of breast self-examination (BSE); 2. assess their impression on the practice of BSE and 3. describe their perceptions on the causes, risk factors and prevention of breast cancer. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a volunteer sample of 120 consenting women in Buea, Cameroon. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire self-administered by study participants. RESULTS: The sample was fairly educated with close to three quarters (70.83%) having completed high school. Nearly three quarters (74.17%) of participants had previously heard about BSE, however as many as 40% had never done a BSE. Although 95% of participants believed that breast cancer could be prevented, only 36.67% recognized breast examination as a prevention method. A substantial 13.33% thought that breast cancer could be prevented with a vaccine while 45% thought that dieting or exercising would prevent breast cancer. Similarly, 70% of participants thought that breast cancer could be treated, with 35.83% thinking that it could be treated medically while 34.17% thought it could be treated traditionally or spiritually. CONCLUSIONS: The practice of BSE while perceived as being important is not frequent in these women in Buea, Cameroon. Health education campaigns are imperative to elucidate the public on the causes, risk factors and prevention of breast cancer. Further studies need to explore what interventions could be best used to improve the uptake and practice of BSE.