[Correction of hydrodynamic disorders in severe alcohol poisoning in adolescent].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the results of treatment of children with severe alcohol poisoning as a result of investigation of water sectors of the body. METHODS: The study included 54 patients aged from 13 to 15 years with a diagnosis of acute severe alcohol poisoning. All patients were divided into three groups. At the initial examination was determined the concentration of alcohol in saliva using Express-test "Alkoskan." Bioimpedance analysis was performed; water sectors of the body were investigated by analyzer of the balance of water sectors ABC-01 "Medass." The study was conducted at the time of admission, after 12, 24 and 48 hours. RESULTS: In severe alcohol poisoning at the time of admission, it was revealed a reduction of the fluid in all studied sectors. The most effective compensation of liquid was observed in groups, where was used combination therapy included intravenous fluids based 4.0 ml/kg/hour. CONCLUSION: The treatment of severe alcohol poisoning should include fluid resuscitation about 4 ml/kg/hour. This capacity of medical care give the ability to correct adequately the water-sectoral disturbances already in the first 12 hours of hospitalization, and the inclusion to the basic therapy reamberine can contribute more effective replenishment of water sectors.

[Transcranial electrical stimulation in the treatment of toxicohypoxic encephalopathy at the early stage of inpatient rehabilitation].

The authors studied the time course of clinical and neuropsychological changes in the use of transcranial mesodiencephalic modulation in the complex treatment of patients with acute poisoning by neurotropic toxicants, which were complicated by toxicohypoxic encephalopathy. The findings suggest the beneficial impact of this technique on the autonomic functions of the brain stem, on the body's adaptive capacities and the psychoemotional sphere, which makes it possible to recommend the programmed use of this method in such patients.

[Detoxifying effect of intestinal lavage in children with acute oral poisoning by psychotropic agents].

Examinations of children with acute oral poisoning by psychotropic agents indicated that intestinal lavage significantly lowered the blood levels of a toxicant and more rapidly restored consciousness and hemodynamic parameters as compared with the control group.

[Changes in the ratio of formed elements of the blood in acute exogenous poisoning in children]. / Izmenenie sootnosheniia formennykh élementov krovi pri ostrykh ékzogenykh otravleniiakh u detei.

In order to estimate the informative value of the leukocytic index of intoxication and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the assessment of the status of children with acute poisonings, the authors analyzed 223 hemograms of 189 children aged 1 to 15 with different types of acute poisonings. The results indicate that these parameters are nonspecific, their values depend on the severity of the patient's status and are unrelated to sex, age, and type of poisoning; a correlation between the concentration of the toxic agent in the blood and hemogram parameters has been confirmed.

[State of the blood circulation system in acute poisoning in young children]. / Sostoianie sistemy krovoobrashcheniia pri ostrykh otravleniiakh u detei rannego vozrasta.

The syndrome of cardiovascular involvement is one of the most frequently occurring syndromes in the toxicogenic phase of acute poisonings in children. Analysis of the results of comprehensive examination of cardiac function in 168 infants poisoned with clopheline, caustic poisons, barbiturates, and amitriptyline showed changes in the ECG and central and peripheral hemodynamics which are characteristic of each type of poisonings.

[Functional disorders of the autonomic nervous system during severe poisoning by clophelin in children]. / Narushenie funktsii vegetativnoi nervnoi sistemy pri tiazhelykh otravleniiakh klofelinom u detei.

Disturbances in autonomic nervous system function have been studied during clofelin poisoning in children. A correlation has been established between changes in autonomic homeostasis and reduction in body temperature, bradycardia and arterial hypotension. The studies of cortisol blood level suggests two phases of poisoning: primary (specific) vagotonic phase and secondary (nonspecific) hypersympaticotonic phase. Changes in autonomic homeostasis accounted for the use of atropine sulfate for specific (antidote) therapy.