Solid phase extraction technology combined with UPLC-MS/MS: a method for detecting 20 ß-lactamase antibiotics traces in goat's milk.

We develop and validate a method for the rapid determination and identification of 20 ß-lactamase antibiotics traces in goat's milk by combining the solid phase extraction technology with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Goat milk samples were extracted with acetonitrile twice. The supernatant was then extracted and cleaned by solid-phase extraction using divinylbenzene and N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer. The method was validated, with limits of quantification (LOQs) of 0.3 µg kg-1, specificities of 1/3 LOQ, linearities (R2) > 0.99, recoveries of 80-110%, repeatabilities <10.0%, and intermediate precisions <10.0%. The developed method was suitable for the routine analysis of ß-lactamase antibiotics residues in goat's milk and was used to test 76 goat milk samples produced in China.

The Evolution of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Teacher Training Programs for People Who Serve Historically Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups.

Background: There is a lack of mindfulness instructors from underserved/underrepresented communities who have completed systematic mindfulness teacher-training programs to meet the growing demand for culturally responsive mindfulness training in those communities. Objectives: To investigate strategies for increasing the representation of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) teachers who serve historically underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. Methods: Conducted through 4 one-hour Zoom focus groups (n = 54; women = 74%), this study queried individuals with experience serving underrepresented racial and ethnic communities, and had mindfulness experience, on how to increase participation from underrepresented communities in mindfulness. Thematic analysis of transcripts of participant responses involved double-coding by three team members, supporting rigorous evaluation of the data. All respondents who expressed interest in participating enrolled (no dropout from study enrollment to participation in focus groups). Results: The study identified four key themes that illuminate challenges and essential adaptations for MBSR teacher training aimed at individuals serving historically underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. These themes include: (1) Cost and time commitment; (2) Trauma sensitivity; (3) Cultural Awareness; and (4) Diversity in teachers. Conclusion: Participants provided actionable recommendations poised to facilitate the expansion of MBSR into more diverse communities, emphasizing optimal benefits and effective communication of inherent healing strengths within these communities. The findings underscore the compelling interest among leaders in marginalized communities to extend the reach of MBSR through culturally responsive approaches. This involves guiding pertinent adjustments and encouraging greater involvement of underserved communities in MBSR teacher training programs.

Effects of stress management interventions on heart rate variability in adults with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Meta-analysis was used to investigate the potential benefits of stress management interventions (SMIs) on vagally-mediated heart rate variability (HRV) in adults with cardiovascular disease. Electronic bibliographic databases were searched through August 2022. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies assessing effects of SMIs on HRV were included. Methodological quality was assessed with a standardized checklist. A pooled effect size was calculated for vagally-mediated HRV indices (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals, root mean square of the successive differences, and high frequency power) using random effects models. Fourteen studies (1202 participants, Mage: 59 ± 6.25 years; 25% ± 16% women; 61% ± 22% White) were included. Ten studies (11 effects) reported short-term HRV assessment; a small between-group difference emerged for vagally-mediated HRV (d+ = .27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.52, k = 11). Most interventions examined biofeedback; these studies yielded a small between-group difference on vagally-mediated HRV (d+ = 0.31, 95% CI 0.09-0.53, k = 7, Q [6] = 3.82, p = .70, I2 = 11%). This is the first systematic examination of the effect of SMIs on HRV in adults with CVD. Findings suggest a small effect of SMIs on vagally-mediated HRV, with biofeedback likely driving the effect. More research is required to fully understand whether this benefit on vagally-mediated HRV applies to other SMIs.

Antifungal Activity and Mechanism of 4-Propylphenol Against Fusarium graminearum, Agent of Wheat Scab, and Its Potential Application.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a predominant disease of wheat. Due to the lack of disease-resistant germplasm, chemical control is an important means to control wheat scab. Volatile substances produced in near-isogenic wheat lines were detected after inoculation with F. graminearum, and 4-propylphenol, which appears in FHB-resistant lines, was identified. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity tests demonstrate that 4-propylphenol effectively inhibits the mycelial growth of F. graminearum. Metabolomics analysis showed changes in glutathione metabolism, indicating that 4-propylphenol triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress. This was consistent with the increasing ROS levels in Fusarium cells treated with 4-propylphenol. Further results demonstrated that excessive accumulation of ROS induced DNA and cell membrane damage in the mycelium. Moreover, 4-propylphenol showed different degrees of inhibition against other soil-borne pathogens (fungi and oomycetes). These findings illustrated that 4-propylphenol has broad spectrum and high antifungal activity and should be considered for use as an ecological fungicide.

Feasibility of a Mobile Health Intervention for Providing a Continuum of HIV Services for MSM: Pilot Study of the WeTest Program in 3 Cities in China.

BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in China have a high risk for HIV infection but experience suboptimal rates of HIV testing and service engagement due to various social and structural barriers. We developed a mobile health (mHealth) intervention entitled "WeTest-Plus" (WeTest+) as a user-centered "one-stop service" approach for delivering access to comprehensive information about HIV risk, HIV self-testing, behavioral and biomedical prevention, confirmatory testing, treatment, and care. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the current study was to investigate the feasibility of WeTest+ to provide continuous HIV services to high-risk MSM. METHODS: Participants completed a 3-week pilot test of WeTest+ to examine acceptability, feasibility, and recommendations for improvement. Participants completed a structured online questionnaire and qualitative exit interviews facilitated by project staff. "Click-through" rates were assessed to examine engagement with online content. RESULTS: 28 participants were included, and the average age was 27.6 years (standard deviation = 6.8). Almost all participants (96.4%) remained engaged with the WeTest+ program over a 3-week observational period. The majority (92.9%) self-administered the HIV self-test and submitted their test results through the online platform. Overall click-through rates were high (average 67.9%). Participants provided favorable comments about the quality and relevance of the WeTest+ information content, the engaging style of information presentation, and the user-centered features. CONCLUSION: This pilot assessment of WeTest+ supports the promise of this program for promoting HIV self-testing and linkage to in-person services for MSM in China. Findings underscore the utility of a user-centered approach to mHealth program design.

Effects of 2-Phenylethanol on Controlling the Development of Fusarium graminearum in Wheat.

Applying plant-derived fungicides is a safe and sustainable way to control wheat scab. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of wheat cultivars with and without the resistance gene Fhb1 were analyzed by GC-MS, and 2-phenylethanol was screened out. The biocontrol function of 2-phenylethanol on Fusarium graminearum was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Metabolomics analysis indicated that 2-phenylethanol altered the amino acid pathways of F. graminearum, affecting its normal life activities. Under SEM and TEM observation, the mycelial morphology changed, and the integrity of the cell membrane was destroyed. Furthermore, 2-phenylethanol could inhibit the production of mycotoxins (DON, 3-ADON, 15-ADON) by F. graminearum and reduce grain contamination. This research provides new ideas for green prevention and control of wheat FHB in the field.

Does emission trading system improve the urban land green use efficiency? Empirical evidence from Chinese cities.

Maximizing socioeconomic and environmental benefits with minimal investment in urban land resources is a key concern for sustainable urban development. The emission trading system is an important strategy of the Chinese government to control environmental pollution and promote green development, but whether it improves urban land green use efficiency is still unclear. Combining the concept of green development with urban land use efficiency, this paper uses the super-efficiency slack-based measure (SBM) model with undesirable outputs to measure the land green use efficiency of 261 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2017. In addition, the propensity score matching difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) method and the mediating effect model were used to test the impact of the China's emission trading system on urban land green use efficiency and behind the mechanism. According to the findings, China's emission trading system has significantly improved urban land green use efficiency, compared with that in nonpilot cities, urban land green use efficiency in pilot cities has increased by 10.40%. Moreover, the policy effect of the emission trading system is more significant in resource-based cities and cities with a high intensity of environmental regulations. Further mechanism analysis reveals that green technology innovation and industrial structure upgrading are effective transmission mechanisms for China's emissions trading policy to improve urban land green use efficiency. The findings provide policy implications for promoting the sustainable use of urban land resources and advancing the coordinated development of urban socioeconomic and ecological environments.

Mindfulness-Based Mobile Health to Address Unhealthy Eating Among Middle-Aged Sexual Minority Women With Early Life Adversity: Mixed Methods Feasibility Trial.

BACKGROUND: Sexual minority women (lesbian, gay, bisexual, pansexual, queer, and other nonheterosexual women) remain considerably underrepresented in health research despite being at a higher risk for diabetes and obesity as well as stigma and psychological distress than their heterosexual peers. In addition, early life adversity (ELA) is prevalent among sexual minority women, which further increases risks for obesity, psychological distress, and poor cardiovascular health. App-based mindfulness interventions are potentially promising for this group in mitigating the adverse health effects of ELA, reducing food craving and unhealthy eating, addressing the risks associated with obesity. OBJECTIVE: This mixed methods feasibility trial aimed to test a mindfulness-based mobile health approach for middle-aged sexual minority women (aged 30-55 years) with ELA and overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) to improve health outcomes. METHODS: The single-arm trial was advertised on social media and various lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer web-based groups. At baseline, after the intervention (2 months), and at the 4-month follow-up, participants completed assessments of primary outcomes (food craving, emotional eating, and weight via a mailed scale) and secondary outcomes (depression, anxiety, mindfulness, and emotion dysregulation). A standardized weight measure was mailed to participants for weight reporting. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed after the intervention via surveys and semistructured exit interviews. RESULTS: We screened 442 individuals, among which 30 eligible sexual minority women (mean age 40.20, SD 7.15 years) from various US regions were enrolled in the study. At baseline, 86% (26/30) and 80% (24/30) of participants had elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Among the 30 enrolled participants, 20 (66%) completed all intervention modules, 25 (83%) were retained at the 2-month follow-up, and 20 (66%) were retained at the 4-month follow-up. None reported adverse effects. From baseline to the 4-month follow-up, large effects were found in food craving (Cohen d=1.64) and reward-based eating (Cohen d=1.56), whereas small effects were found with weight (Cohen d=0.20; 4.21 kg on average). Significant improvements were also found in the secondary outcomes (depression, Cohen d=0.98; anxiety, Cohen d=0.50; mindfulness, Cohen d=0.49; and emotion dysregulation, Cohen d=0.44; all P<.05). Participants with higher levels of parental verbal and emotional abuse were particularly responsive to the intervention. Participants reported that the program aligned with their goals and expectations, was easy to use, and facilitated changes in eating behavior and mental health. Barriers to engagement included the need for diverse teachers, individualized support, and body positive language. CONCLUSIONS: This early phase feasibility trial provides proof-of-concept support for a mindfulness mobile health approach to improve obesity-related outcomes among sexual minority women and warrants a larger randomized controlled trial in the future. The findings also suggest the need to address trauma and psychological health when addressing weight-related outcomes among sexual minority women.

Selecting and describing control conditions in mobile health randomized controlled trials: a proposed typology.

Hundreds of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have tested the efficacy of mobile health (mHealth) tools for a wide range of mental and behavioral health outcomes. These RCTs have used a variety of control condition types which dramatically influence the scientific inferences that can be drawn from a given study. Unfortunately, nomenclature across mHealth RCTs is inconsistent and meta-analyses commonly combine control conditions that differ in potentially important ways. We propose a typology of control condition types in mHealth RCTs. We define 11 control condition types, discuss key dimensions on which they differ, provide a decision tree for selecting and identifying types, and describe the scientific inferences each comparison allows. We propose a five-tier comparison strength gradation along with four simplified categorization schemes. Lastly, we discuss unresolved definitional, ethical, and meta-analytic issues related to the categorization of control conditions in mHealth RCTs.

Experiences of stigma, psychological distress, and facilitative coping among pregnant people with gestational diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been rising in the United States, and it poses significant health risks to pregnant individuals and their infants. Prior research has shown that individuals with GDM also experience prevalent stress and mental health issues, which can further contribute to glucose regulation difficulties. Stigma associated with GDM may contribute to these mental health challenges, yet there is a lack of focused research on GDM-related stigma, its impact on psychological health, and effective coping mechanisms. Thus, this qualitative study aims to understand individuals' experiences related to GDM stigma, mental health, and facilitative coping. METHODS: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 individuals with a current or recent (within the last year) diagnosis of GDM. Thematic analysis was employed to guide data analysis. RESULTS: Four themes emerged from data analysis: (1) experience of distal GDM stigma including stigmatizing provider interactions, stigma from non-medical spaces, and intersecting stigma with weight, (2) internalized GDM stigma, such as shame, guilt, and self-blame, (3) psychological distress, which included experiences of stress and overwhelm, excessive worry and fear, and loneliness and isolation, and (4) facilitative coping mechanisms, which included diagnosis acceptance, internet-based GDM community, active participation in GDM management, social and familial support, and time for oneself. CONCLUSIONS: Findings demonstrate the relevance of GDM stigma in mental health among people with GDM and the need for addressing GDM stigma and psychological health in this population. Interventions that can reduce GDM stigma, improve psychological wellness, and enhance positive coping may facilitate successful GDM management and healthy birth outcomes. Future quantitative, theory-driven research is needed to understand the prevalence of GDM stigma experiences and mechanisms identified in the current study, as well as among marginalized populations (e.g., individuals of color, sexual and gender minorities).

Effectiveness of a localised and systematically developed gatekeeper training program in preventing suicide among Chinese adolescents.

To combat the pressing issue of contemporary suicide rates, an effective Life Gatekeeper training program was developed to educate school teachers in identifying and intervening with at-risk students. Two single-arm sequential studies evaluated the program's effectiveness, spanning implementation science stages from design to refinement. The initial study employed face-to-face training (FTF), followed by a standardized video-based 'Train-the-trainer' (TTT) approach. In Study 1, post-intervention and one-month follow-up results showed improved suicide literacy, reduced stigma, and increased willingness to intervene among gatekeepers. The revised TTT program (study 2) also yielded reduced stigmatization and improved intervention competence. In addition, six out of twenty teachers exhibited gatekeeper behaviors. In conclusion, both delivery methods proved effective, particularly the practical application of the TTT version, although further research is warranted to examine long-term effectiveness of the program.

An efficient and convenient Fiber -2- based latex agglutination test for the detection of antibodies against fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in clinical samples.

To detect the antibody against fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) in clinical practice, the latex agglutination test (LAT) was developed by using the Fiber-2 protein of FAdV-4 as an antigen bound to sensitized latex microspheres. The concentration, time, and temperature of sensitization latex microspheres by the Fiber-2 protein were studied and optimized; the specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability of LAT were tested; and the method developed in the study was applied. The results showed that the optimum sensitization concentration of Fiber-2 protein was 0.8 mg/mL, the time was 120 min, and the temperature was 37 â„ƒ. Except for antiserum against FAdV-4 and FAdV-10, LAT developed in the study could not agglutinate antisera against FAdV-1, FAdV-2, FAdV-3, FAdV-4, FAdV-5, FAdV-6, FAdV-8a, FAdV-8b, FAdV-11, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, egg drop syndrome virus and Clostridium perfringens. Compared with the commercial FAdV-4 ELISA Kit, the titers in 21 clinical samples were low when tested by the developed LAT method, but there was no significant difference. The coefficients of variation among different batches and the same batch of latex-sensitized particles were between 0 % and 13.3 % and 0-8.7 %, respectively. The critical value of immune protective antibody against FAdV-4 was 25, and the titers in 40.9 % of clinical samples were higher than the immune critical point. The results showed that the Fiber-2-based LAT developed in the study has the characteristics of high specificity, sensitivity and repeatability, has the advantages of free equipment, long shelf life, and fast and easy operation, and is an effective and convenient method for serological diagnosis of FAdV-4 infection and evaluating the efficacy of vaccines.

Analysis of Psychiatric Symptoms and Suicide Risk Among Younger Adults in China by Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation.

Importance: Younger adults in China who are transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) experience high levels of minority stress (eg, stigma and bullying) and adverse mental health symptoms. However, there is a lack of research documenting mental health disparities compared with their cisgender and heterosexual peers. Studies that disaggregate TGNC and LGB individuals and are conducted in nonmetropolitan regions are also needed. Objectives: To examine whether younger adult students' psychiatric symptoms and suicide risk vary by sexual orientation and gender identity and identify risk factors within LGB younger adults and TGNC younger adults. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study surveyed students at 63 universities in Jilin Province, China, between October 24 and November 18, 2021. Analyses were completed May 6, 2022. Exposures: Gender identity (TGNC vs cisgender) and sexual orientation (LGB vs heterosexual). Main Outcomes and Measures: Psychiatric outcomes included depression, anxiety, traumatic stress, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), which were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Trauma Screening Questionnaire, and self-reported NSSI behaviors. The Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised was used to assess suicide risk. Results: The analytic sample included 89 342 younger adults (mean [SD] age, 19.60 [1.75] years), including 51 438 assigned female at birth and 37 904 assigned male at birth. The sample included 2352 individuals who were TGNC, 6501 who were cisgender LGB, and 80 489 who were cisgender heterosexual. Compared with their cisgender heterosexual peers, TGNC and LGB younger adults were more likely to experience increased psychiatric symptoms across categories and suicide risk, as well as more severe forms of symptoms. In particular, overall suicide risk was 43.03% among TGNC individuals, 36.21% among LGB individuals, and 11.70% among cisgender heterosexual younger adults. Controlling for demographic variables and compared with cisgender heterosexual peers, TGNC young adults had higher odds of suicide risk (adjusted odds ratio, 5.38; 95% CI, 4.94-5.86; P < .001) and of past-year NSSI (adjusted odds ratio, 6.55; 95% CI, 5.87-7.30; P < .001). Separate within-group analyses for LGB and TGNC younger adults highlighted the vulnerability of bisexual women and gender nonbinary groups, as well as the relevance of minority stress-related risk factors, including peer bullying and assault and loneliness. Conclusions and Relevance: This study noted disparities of mental health issues among LGB, transgender, or queer or questioning younger adults in China and suggests a high urgency to address psychological health and prevent suicide in this population. Targeted public health initiatives may be needed to reduce stigma and discrimination, train competent health care professionals, and create affirmative mental health policies and systems of care.

Associations between HIV disclosure and HIV care continuum outcomes among men who have sex with men living with HIV: systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to synthesize the existing empirical literature and perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between HIV disclosure and engagement in the HIV care continuum among men who have sex with men living with HIV. Twenty-three studies were included, with thirteen quantitative studies and ten qualitative studies. Meta-analytic techniques were used to compute and aggregate effect sizes (odds ratio [OR] and their confidence intervals [95%CI]) for the quantitative studies and a thematic analysis was employed for qualitative studies. Given the small number of eligible studies, meta-analysis was only conducted for the linkage to care outcome, where a positive association was observed from the pooled estimation (OR = 1.51, 95%CI [1.15, 1.99]). Regarding ART initiation, retention in care, and viral suppression outcomes, most of the individual studies revealed a positive association between HIV disclosure and these outcomes. Thematic analysis from qualitative studies complemented the quantitative findings by incorporating the approaching and avoidance motivations underlying the relationship between non-HIV disclosure and the participation in HIV care continuum. The small number of available studies limits the definitive conclusions, and more research is needed to ascertain the magnitude of effect sizes.

MiR-455-5p suppresses PDZK1IP1 to promote the motility of oral squamous cell carcinoma and accelerate clinical cancer invasion by regulating partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

BACKGROUND: Lymph node and distant metastasis contribute to poor outcomes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The mechanisms regulating cancer migration and invasion play a key role in OSCC. METHODS: We determined migration and invasion ability of OSCC by wound-healing assay, two-chamber transwell invasion assay and cell mobility tracking and evaluated tumor metastasis in vivo. Western blot (WB), qRT-PCR, RNA-seq, dual-luciferase reporter assays and nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation were performed to investigate the potential mechanism. Immunohistochimical (IHC) staining determined vimentin and PDZK1IP1 expression in OSCC tissues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In this study, we determined that miR-455-5p was associated with lymph node metastasis and clinical invasion, leading to poor outcomes in patients with OSCC. MiR-455-5p promoted oral cancer cell migration and invasion and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also identified a new biomarker, PDZK1IP1 (MAP17), that was targeted by miR-455-5p. PDZK1IP1 knockdown led to migration, metastasis, EMT, and increased transforming growth factor-ß signaling in OSCC. In addition, miR-455-5p overexpression and PDZK1IP1 inhibition promoted collective OSCC cell migration. According to data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database and the NCKU-OrCA-40TN data set, miR-455-5p and PDZK1IP1 are positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with partial EMT score. High miR-455-5p expression was associated with high vimentin levels and low MAP17 H-scores. The patients with low MAP17 expression had higher rates of disease recurrence than did patients with high MAP17 expression, especially for patients with clinical invasion risk factors and low MAP17 expression. These results suggest that miR-455-5p suppresses PDZK1IP1 expression and mediates OSCC progression. MiR-455-5p and PDZK1IP1 may therefore serve as key biomarkers and be involved in regulating partial EMT in OSCC cells. PDZK1IP1 expression may also serve as an independent factor that impacts outcomes in patients with clinical risk factors for recurrence.

"We don't have a template to follow": Sexual identity development and its facilitative factors among sexual minority men in the context of China.

Extant research on sexual identity development among sexual minority individuals has been predominantly conducted in Western contexts and focused on factors that hinder identity development processes. Using thematic analysis, this qualitative study sought to explore the experiences of sexual identity development among Chinese sexual minority men as well as the facilitative factors in China that positively influence this developmental process. The sample comprised 24 participants who self-identified as Chinese sexual minority men. The analysis yielded five overarching themes: awareness of one's attraction and corresponding reactions, identity exploration, moving toward identity acceptance and commitment, acceptance and support from others, and environmental support. The first three themes described the processes of sexual identity development among Chinese sexual minority men, whereas the latter two themes centered on the related facilitative factors in the context of China. The results highlight the importance of understanding the identity development process within Chinese minority men's unique sociocultural contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Mental and Physical Health Impacts of Mindfulness Training for College Undergraduates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Universities increasingly offer mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) to improve student health and reduce their impact on overburdened psychological services. It is critical for evidence-based policy to determine for what health outcomes mindfulness programs are effective and under what conditions. Objectives were to: (a) perform a comprehensive analysis of the effects of mindfulness interventions on physical, mental, and behavioral health outcomes in college undergraduate students, and (b) examine moderators of intervention effects to identify factors that may help improve existing university mindfulness programs and guide the design of new programs. Method: Systematic searches of five databases identified MBP randomized controlled trials for undergraduate students, measuring any health outcome. Analyses using robust variance estimation focused on standardized mean differences for outcomes between groups and modeled through coded study features. Results: The 58 studies in the review primarily focused on mental health with fewer assessments of physical health or health behaviors. Overall, mindfulness interventions significantly outperformed both active and inactive controls (ps<.05), with the most marked effects on anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and mindfulness; greater success appeared for clinical populations. Online programs performed equivalent to in-person, and non-MBP programs were equivalent to MBP programs after controlling for other factors. Publication bias and other quality issues also emerged. Conclusions: Mindfulness programs improve well-being in college students, with the strongest evidence for reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms. More studies utilizing stronger methods are needed to evaluate mindfulness programs' effects on additional health outcomes and online interventions in clinical populations.

Let's decide what would be convincing, conduct randomized trials with rigorous comparison conditions, and report tests of moderation and publication bias in meta-analyses.

We appreciate Jacobson and colleagues' thoughtful commentary on our meta-review of mobile phone-based interventions for mental health. In this response, we address two issues raised: requiring low to moderate heterogeneity (I2<50%) and requiring no evidence of publication bias for evidence to be classified as "convincing." While we agree these represent a high bar, we disagree that these requirements are destined to fail. Other effect sizes reported in the literature, including effect sizes related to mental health interventions and effect sizes related to mobile health (mHealth) interventions (although not their combination) have met requirements for convincing evidence. Jacobson and colleagues argue that features of the mHealth interventions may produce heterogeneity when meta-analyses combine across intervention types. However, several of the effect sizes we reviewed were based on relatively homogeneous portions of the literature and many of the effect sizes we reviewed showed low to moderate heterogeneity. Ideally, future meta-analyses will examine intervention features as moderators of treatment effects. While an absence of publication bias may be a stringent criterion, all but two of the 34 effect sizes we reviewed did not report formal tests of publication bias. Clearly there is a need to reach consensus on how the strength of evidence for mHealth interventions can be evaluated. From our perspective, convincing evidence will ultimately come from large-scale randomized controlled trials employing rigorous comparison conditions along with meta-analyses that do not combine across control condition types, that examine theoretically important moderators, and report formal tests of publication bias. It is this kind of evidence that the public, clinicians, and the scientific community may need to encourage adoptions of mHealth interventions for mental health treatment and prevention.

Comparison of BP26, Omp25 and Omp31 and a Multiepitope-Based Fusion Protein in the Serological Detection of Canine Brucellosis.

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases in the world. Canine brucellosis, caused mainly by Brucella canis, is seriously neglected, and there is a lack of accurate diagnostic tools. Methods: In this study, to compare BP26, Omp25, Omp31 and a multiepitope-based fusion protein in the serological detection of canine brucellosis, using 34 brucellosis-positive dog sera and 62 negative control sera, the Brucella outer membrane proteins Omp31, BP26, Omp25 and a multiepitope-based fusion protein were evaluated by iELISA for their potential use as antigens in the serological diagnosis of canine brucellosis. Results: The results showed that the multiepitope-based fusion protein performed best in distinguishing brucellosis-positive and brucellosis-negative dog sera, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.41%. BP26 and Omp31 showed excellent sensitivity in detecting brucellosis-positive dog sera, but their cross reaction to sera infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes may hinder their application as diagnostic reagents. Omp25 lacked sufficient sensitivity and showed limited ability in distinguishing positive and negative dog sera. Conclusion: The multiepitope-based fusion protein can be used as an ideal antigen for serologically diagnosing canine brucellosis currently prevalent worldwide.

Mindfulness for Reducing Minority Stress and Promoting Health Among Sexual Minority Men: Uncovering Intervention Principles and Techniques.

Objectives: Tailored, evidence-based interventions are in high need for sexual minority men (gay, bisexual, and queer men who have sex with men) to address prevalent mental health issues and HIV/STI risk. This study describes the formative research that informed the development of Mindfulness-Based Queer Resilience (MBQR): a mindfulness-based intervention for health promotion among sexual minority men. Methods: Guided by the ADAPT-ITT model, we conducted a series of interviews with community stakeholders, including sexual minority men with anxiety and depressive symptoms (n = 15) and mindfulness service providers with experience working with sexual minority men (n = 11). Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Six intervention principles and seven key techniques/delivery considerations emerged relevant to intervention development. Principles included (a) reducing minority stress as a key theoretical guide, (b) affirming LGBTQ + identity and facilitating healthy identity development, (c) attending to intersectionality, (d) facilitating resilience and self-empowerment, (e) trauma sensitivity, and (f) promoting healthy relationships and a healthy community. Key techniques represent the pathways through which MBQR may address the adverse impacts of minority stress, including through attention control practice to facilitate agency and self-awareness, enhancing emotion regulation, reducing reactivity to minority stress-informed thoughts, self-compassion to increase self-acceptance, and reducing behavioral avoidance. Delivery considerations also included careful navigation regarding mindfulness and religion, as well as using modern technology to increase reach, access, and engagement. Conclusions: If proven to be feasible and efficacious, MBQR may offer the potential to alleviate adverse impacts of minority stress and improve mental and sexual health of sexual minority men.