A HIMU-like component in Mariana Convergent Margin magma sources during initial arc rifting revealed by melt inclusions.

Compositions of island arc and back-arc basin basalts are often used to trace the recycling of subducted materials. However, the contribution of subducted components to the mantle source during initial arc rifting before back-arc basin spreading is not yet well constrained. The northernmost Mariana arc is ideal for studying this because the transition from rifting to back-arc spreading is happening here. Here we report major and trace element and Pb isotopic compositions of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from lavas erupted during initial rifting at 24°N (NSP-24) and compare them with those in active arc front at 21°N and mature back-arc basin at 18°N. NSP-24 high-K melt inclusions have highly radiogenic Pb compositions and are close to those of the HIMU end-member, suggesting the presence of this component in the magma source. The HIMU-like component may be stored in the over-riding plate and released into arc magma with rifting. HIMU-type seamounts may be subducted elsewhere beneath the Mariana arc, but obvious HIMU-type components appear only in the initial stages of arc rifting due to the low melting degree and being consumed during the process of back-arc spreading.

Application of the suture anchor in the treatment of Hoffa fractures of the lateral femoral condyle.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical effect of the suture anchor combined with external fixation in the treatment of the lateral femoral condyle Hoffa fracture. METHODS: In this study, a retrospective study was conducted to analyze the feasibility of treating fourteen patients (eight men and six women) with Hoffa fractures admitted to our Hospital from January 2016 to October 2021 with combined external fixation using incisional reduction anchor nailing. The age of the patients ranged from 23 to 45 years, with an average of 37.5 years. According to Letenneur's classification, there were eight cases of type I, three cases of type II, and three cases of type III. The functional assessment of Letenneur was used to measure the clinical outcome. RESULTS: All patients had one-stage wound healing, and all patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months after surgery, and all fractures healed well, with normal knee flexion and extension activities, and no complications such as fracture displacement, anchor nail loosening, or fracture malunion were observed. The clinical outcome was evaluated according to the functional evaluation criteria of Letenneur et al. The clinical outcome of fourteen patients: excellent in thirteen cases and good in one case, with an overall excellent rate of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Our study results indicate that the use of anchor nailing combined with external fixation for Hoffa fractures of the femoral condyle has some clinical reference significance because it is less invasive, has fewer complications, does not require secondary removal, and is worthy of clinical application. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered.

Treatment of Hoffa fracture of femoral condyle with anchor combined with auxiliary fixation.

BACKGROUND: A Hoffa fracture is an unstable intra-articular break that is generally treated with surgery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of using a suture anchor combined with auxiliary fixation for the treatment of a lateral femoral condyle Hoffa fracture. METHODS: The study retrospectively reviewed 8 patients (5 males and 3 females) with a lateral femoral condyle Hoffa fracture who had been treated by combining a suture anchor with auxiliary fixation between January 2016 and April 2020. The mean age of patients was 37.5 years (ranging from 23 to 45). According to Letenneur's classification, there were 4 cases of type I, 2 cases of type II, and 2 cases of type III fractures. The clinical outcomes were assessed using Letenneur's functional assessment. RESULTS: The follow-up duration ranged between 14-24 months. All patients achieved primary healing of the incision and fracture union, as well as normal flexion and extension of the knee joint, with 7 cases showing excellent outcomes and 1 case showing a good outcome. No postoperative complications, such as fracture displacement, anchor loosening, or fracture malunion, occurred in this series. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that a suture anchor, combined with external fixation, was an effective treatment for a lateral femoral condyle Hoffa fracture. Accordingly, this procedure is worthy of wider clinical application.

Clinical study of suture anchors in the treatment of radial head fractures.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to analyze and study the clinical effect of suture anchors in the treatment of radial head fractures (RHFs). METHODS: A total of 11 patients (five male and six female) with RHFs who were treated from March 2016 to June 2021 were included in this study. They were 17-61 (average 38.5) years old. In terms of the Johnston-Mason classification, two cases were type II, seven cases were type III, and two cases were type IV. All patients were treated with open reduction and anchor internal fixation. RESULTS: All 11 patients were followed up, all incisions healed by first intention, and the duration of follow-up was 14-20 months. The average operation time was 40 ± 15 min. The clinical healing time was 4-6 (average 5) weeks. No patients had any complications, such as traumatic arthritis, malunion, nerve injury, joint stiffness, or incision infection. The clinical effects were evaluated according to the Mayo Elbow Performance Score. The scores of all 11 cases were 90-95, all excellent. CONCLUSION: The application of suture anchor internal fixation in the treatment of RHFs has the advantages of accurate reduction, no need for a secondary operation to remove the fixation materials, less trauma, fewer complications, good fracture healing, and good recovery of elbow extension, flexion, and rotation functions.

Downregulation of miR-3680-3p inhibits the progression of osteoarthritis via targeting OGG1.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that seriously endangers the health of middle-aged and elderly people. MicroRNA (miRNA) regulation is associated with several diseases, including OA. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of miR-3680-3p in regulating OA progression. METHODS: GSE105027 and GSE143514 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and differentially expressed miRNAs between control and OA-affected cartilage were obtained by R software. GSE55235 gene expression profile was downloaded and analyzed the differentially expressed genes. In vitro study, chondrocyte was administrated by interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) to mimic an in vitro model of OA. The apoptotic and cell cycle arrest were assessed by flowcytometry. IL-6 and TNF-α expressions were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Moreover, the OA rat model was established to explore the function of miR-3680-3p/OGG1 axis in vivo. RESULTS: GSE105027 identified 266 differentially expressed miRNAs and GSE143514 identified 160 differentially expressed miRNAs. MiR-3680-3p was significantly upregulated in OA samples in comparison to normal cartilage samples. IL-1ß significantly reduced the cell viability than control chondrocytes, this effect was reversed by miR-3680-3p antagomir. Treatment with miR-3680-3p antagomir could partially reversed the IL-1ß-induced promotion of apoptosis of chondrocytes. IL-1ß increased the expression of MMP1 and MMP13, while the expression of matrix related protein, such as aggrecan, was significantly downregulated in IL-1ß-treated chondrocytic cells. Inhibition of miR-3680-3p expression by an antagomir could reverse this phenotype. OGG1 was predicted and verified as a direct target of miR-3680-3p. Moreover, our in vivo study found that after knockdown of miR-3680-3p alleviated the development of OA in rat models. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of miR-3680-3p reversed the IL-1ß induced chondrocytes injury and delayed the progression of OA via targeting OGG1.

Linkage between reactivation of the sinistral strike-slip faults and 28 September 2018 Mw7.5 Palu earthquake, Indonesia.

On September 28, 2018, a Mw7.5 earthquake occurred near Sulawesi, Indonesia as a result of strike-slip faulting at shallow depth within the interior of the Molucca Sea Microplate that forms a part of the broader Sunda Plate. Focal mechanism solutions and distribution for the earthquakes indicate rupture occurred on a left-lateral NNW-SSE- to N-S-striking fault. This region has been characterized by complex tectonics in which motions of numerous small microplates are accommodating large-scale convergence between the Australia, Sunda, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates. In this paper, the Coulomb stress calculation verified the WNW-, nearly E-W-trending sinistral strike slip receiver fault in Sulawesi, which is consistent with the giant sinisterly strike-slip fault system across New Guinea, Pacific Tectonic System and the Tethys Tectonic System caused by the oblique convergence. The result has been reconciled within the modern GPS velocity field.