[Prospects for the use of autofluorescence endoscopy in rhinosurgery]. / Perspektivy primeneniya autofluorestsentnoi endoskopii v rinokhirurgii.

The condition of blood supply and microcirculation in the mucous membrane is considered to be the main factor determining the consistency of local flaps of the nasal mucous membrane. OBJECTIVE: To assess the possibility of using autofluorescence endoscopy to control the condition of flaps of the nasal mucous membrane after surgical interventions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The assessment of the processes of biological destruction of 15 fragments of the mucous membrane of the inferior nasal concha, obtained during intranasal interventions with endoscopic technique in autofluorescence mode, followed by histological examination at different periods of observation, has been conducted. The results of the proposed method were tested in 84 patients with chronic and intraoperative defects of the nasal septum after the surgical intervention. RESULTS: It has been shown that autofluorescence endoscopy can be used to assess the viability of flaps of the nasal cavity's mucous membrane. A change of the autofluorescence signal to a whitish and orange shades indicates the presence of ischemia and necrosis. Method sensitivity was 92.3%, specificity was 95.8% and total accuracy was 95.4%. CONCLUSION: This method is promising for predicting the long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of the nasal septum's perforation in relation to the risk of reperforation forming, as well as for assessment of the functional viability of local flaps in plastic reconstruction of defects of the anterior skull base.

[Lesions of the cortical part of the auditory analyzer in explosive injury]. / Narusheniya korkovogo otdela slukhovogo analizatora pri vzryvnoi travme.

A survey of 48 victims aged 19-36 years with explosive trauma and combined damage to the auditory system was conducted to assess the level of damage to nerve structures by analyzing the bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex. All patients underwent electroencephalography (EEG). It is established that akubarotrauma of explosive genesis almost always leads to lesions of the function of the cortical part of the auditory analyzer. Desynchronized activity on the EEG after acubarotrauma is a favorable prognostic sign, indicating only functional disorders of the cortical part of the auditory analyzer. On the contrary, EEG changes of an organic type of cortical or stem nature are an unfavorable prognostic factor, usually accompanied by sensorineural hearing loss with prolonged and incomplete hearing recovery. Promising drugs for the treatment of otoneurological disorders are antihypoxants, in particular, derivatives of triazine indole, which affect the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia development.

[Modern means of statokinetic improvement and vestibular rehabilitation].

The article presents the results of studying the effectiveness of the complex vestibular workouts based on non-invasive neuromodulation technology in 37 healthy patients aged 18-20 years who have symptoms of aerial sickness in 5 or less minutes. Non-invasive neuromodulation wire-familiarize with the apparatus for vestibular rehabilitation "Brain-Port" (USA), performing electric tactile stimulation of the tongue with biofeedback. An indicator of statokinetic stability was considered from time to tolerance to the vestibular load up to development of vegetative manifestations of aerial sickness. 'Improvement of statokinetic tolerability vestibular training confirmed by computed posturography and gait analysis. Increase of statokinetic stability accompanied not only by an increase in exposure, necessary for motion sickness, but also a decrease in autonomic manifestations, which are the main obstacle to the operator's military activities. Improving balance and gait performance after the swipe-of vestibular training course demonstrates the possible realization of two mechanisms of compensatory and restorative processes: sensory substitution equilibrium function and induction of neuroplasticity in short time.

[Prophylactic medical examination of military personnel with ENT-diseases].

One of the most important goals in military otolaryngology is a prevention ENT-diseases of armed forces personnel. Prophylactic medical examination of their staff is the major instrument in it. The article presents detailed project of its realization in accordance with present-day classification of ENT-diseases (International Classification of Diseases by World Health Organization), new structure of medical service and its resources and conditions. The diseases of the nose, ear and throat were considered. Algorithm of patients' observation and volume of diagnostic examinations were given.