[Effect of combined therapy using complex of natural cytokines and antimicrobial peptides in urogenital infections caused by Chlamydia and Mycoplasma].

AIM: To study efficacy of complex therapy of urogenital infections caused by Chlamydia and Mycoplasma using immunomodulator Superlimph. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty males and thirty six females ages 22 - 47 years old with chronic urogenital infections--cervicitis and vulvovaginitis (females), prostatitis (males)--were studied. PCR and bacteriologic methods were used for diagnostics of mixed infection and microbiota efficiency. Patients were divided on 3 groups according to treatment protocol. Twenty patients (group 1)--standard therapy (josamycin), 48 patients received immunomodulator (suppositorium) before treatment with josamycin (group 2), 18 patients were simultaneously treated with josamycin and immunomodulator (group 3). RESULTS: Combinations of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Gardnerella vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium were identified in 30 - 35% of cases before treatment. After treatment with josamycin (group 1) or simultaneous therapy with josamycin and immunomodulator (group 3) considerable suppression of growth and elimination of both main pathogens and members of microbiota. Use of immunomodulator (group 2) in some cases resulted elimination of main pathogens and associated opportunistic microflora. CONCLUSION: Microbiological monitoring in 97% cases demonstrated therapeutic effect of immunomodulator Superlymph on urogenital infections associated with Chlamydia and Mycoplasma and disbiotic microbiota of urogenital tract.

Therapeutic use of an antibiotic-resistant Bifidobacterium preparation in men exposed to high-dose gamma-irradiation.

Five men received high-dose, uneven, whole-body gamma-irradiation by accidental exposure to an unshielded 137Cs source. Analysis of the faeces 9-12 days post-irradiation showed low numbers of anaerobes and high counts of enterobacteria and staphylococci in four of the patients and total viable counts of < 10(3)/g in one. All five were treated with systemic ampicillin and gentamicin and oral nystatin commencing 4-7 days after irradiation. Three of the patients were also treated orally with a suspension of an antibiotic-resistant strain of Bifidobacterium longum for 30 days commencing 10-12 days post-irradiation. At 3 weeks post-irradiation, B. longum had appeared in their faecal flora and total anaerobe counts exceeded those of facultative and obligate aerobes. At 4 weeks and 5-7 weeks post-irradiation, this normalisation of the faecal flora continued. In contrast, in the two patients who received a placebo the faecal flora was dominated by enterobacteria (Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Serratia spp.) showing multiple antibiotic resistance 3 weeks post-irradiation. These potential opportunist pathogens were not isolated from the B. longum-treated group. Only one patient in the control group survived beyond 3 weeks; he continued to show high faecal counts of enterobacteria and staphylococci and low counts of obligate anaerobes. 'Probiotic' treatment with this antibiotic-resistant strain of B. longum may be of benefit in the treatment of radiation sickness, aiding normalisation of the faecal flora and inhibiting colonisation and overgrowth with opportunist pathogens.

[The use of gnotobiological technology for producing and maintaining experimental, animals with different microbiological states of the intestines]. / Primenenie gnotobiologicheskoi tekhnologii dlia polucheniia i soderzhaniia éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh s razlichnym statusom kishechnika.

The standardization of all components ensures the optimum experimental conditions; for this reason the obtaining and maintenance of animals meeting GLP requirements is one of the development of scientific research in biology and medicine. The aim of the present work was the study of the possibility of using gnotobiological technology for obtaining animals with different microbial status of the intestine and their maintenance. Our investigations revealed that obtaining animals with different microbial status of the intestine and their maintenance under the conditions of total gnotobiological isolation (TGBI) prevented the contamination of the animals, thus facilitating the standardization of research procedures. Gnotobiological technology made it possible to create the optimum maintenance conditions and to ensure constant microbial status in animals, free from pathogenic flora. The maintenance to totally decontaminated mice under TGBI conditions ensured the total germ-free status in these animals for 9 days.

[The effect of fermented-milk bifidumbacterin on the intestinal microflora of test pilots]. / Izuchenie vliianiia kislomolochnogo bifidumbakterina na mikrofloru kishechnika u letchikov-ispytatelei.

Bacteriological study of intestinal microflora in test pilots, regularly exposed to excessive physical, as well as nervous and emotional strain, has revealed changes in the composition of their intestinal microflora. Correction of microflora by means of bifidumbacterin, a curative lactic fermentation alimentary product, was carried out. Rapid and effective restoration of intestinal microflora and improvement of the general state of patients were noted, which made it possible to recommend this product as a prophylactic remedy for subjects at risk of development of dysbiotic disturbances.

[The microfloral status of the intestines in people in contact with different antimicrobial preparations]. / Izuchenie sostoianiia mikroflory kishechnika u lits, nakhodiashchikhsia v kontakte s razlichnymi antimikrobnymi preparatami.

The state of enteric microbiocenosis in persons having contacts with different antimicrobial preparations, depending on the spectrum of such preparations and the duration of the contact, has been studied. Dysbiotic disturbances in enteric microflora have been detected even in those who have daily short-term contacts with antibacterial preparations.

[The effect of total gnotobiological isolation and antimicrobial preparations on the survival of mice with acute radiation sickness]. / Izuchenie vliianiia obshchei gnotobiologicheskoi izoliatsii i antimikrobnykh preparatov na vyzhivaemost' myshei pri ostroi luchevoi bolezni.

In experiments on 406 CBA mice the effect of antimicrobial preparations, used in combination with total gnotobiotic isolation, on the survival rate of totally irradiated animals was studied. The use of antimicrobial preparations was shown to considerably enhance the survival rate of these animals. Cyprofloxacin, a new preparation of the kinolone row, exhibited a good effect ensuring selective decontamination of the intestine. The use of cyprofloxacin prior to irradiation with the subsequent isolation of the animals in gnotobiotic chambers increased the survival rate of these animals by 2.7 times. But the maximum survival rate of irradiated mice was observed in those cases when antimicrobial preparations were used both before and after irradiation in combination with the total gnotobiotic isolation of the animals.

[The effect of a preparation made from Solco lactobacteria on the survival rate and intestinal microflora of irradiated animals]. / Izuchenie vliianiia preparata iz laktobakterii "Solko" na vyzhivaemost' i mikrofloru kishechnika u obluchennykh zhivotnykh.

Lactobacillus acidophilus strain Lat 11/83 Solco has been used for the normalization of intestinal microflora in experimental post-irradiation intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice. The results of these experiments indicate that live Solco lactobacteria, introduced intragastrically, facilitate the enhancement of the survival rate of irradiated animals and the normalization of microflora in their gastrointestinal tract. The strain can be used as bacterial preparation for the regulation of intestinal microbiocenosis.

[The determination of the antagonistic activity of Solco lactobacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus Lat 11/83) using gnotobiotic technology]. / Opredelenie antagonisticheskoi aktivnosti laktobakterii Solko (Lactobacillus acidophilus Lat 11/83) pri ispol'zovanii gnotobiologicheskoi tekhnologii.

Lactobacillus acidophilus strain Lat 11/83 has been used for the study of its antagonistic activity with respect to pathogenic microorganisms in experiments on conventional germ-free animals. The results of these experiments indicate that the above strain may be recommended as a highly active antagonist for the treatment and prophylaxis of intestinal dysbacteriosis of different etiology.

[The correction of dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal microflora by using a preparation made from highly adhesive lactobacteria]. / Korrektsiia disbioticheskikh narushenii vaginal'noi mikroflory s pomoshch'iu preparata iz vysokoadgezivnykh laktobakterii.

The effectiveness of a new bacterial preparation obtained from highly adhesive lactobacteria and intended for the correction of dysbiotic disturbances of vaginal microflora was studied in the treatment of 60 pregnant women with dysbacteriosis of the maternal passages. 30 pregnant women were simultaneously treated by the vaginal application of Lactobacterin. The study showed that the use of the preparation of highly adhesive lactobacteria caused the pronounced and stable correction of the microflora of the maternal passages. This correction was manifested by the domination of lactic acid bacterial flora and a decrease in the number of opportunistic microorganisms.

[The effect of "Solco" lactobacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus) on the survival and microflora of mice with a Salmonella infection]. / Vliianie laktobakterii "Solko" (Lactobacillus acidophilus) na vyzhivaemost' i mikrofloru myshei pri sal'monelleznoi infektsii.

The Solco lactobacterial strain L. acidophilus Lat 11/83 has been used for the normalization of intestinal microflora in experimental post-infectious intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice. The results of experiments indicate that the intragastric administration of live Solco lactobacteria contributes to an increase in the survival rate of infected animals and the normalization of their gastrointestinal microflora. This strain may be used as a bacterial preparation for the regulation of intestinal microbiocenosis.

[Influence of enterococci on the recovery of intestinal microflora changed by antibiotic therapy and carbohydrate nutrition]. / Vliianie énterokokkov na vosstanovlenie mikroflory kishechnika, izmenennoi v rezul'tate antibiotikoterapii i uglevodnogo pitaniia.

The process of intestinal microflora normalization after a course of antibiotic therapy was studied on mice and in persons with using S. faecium UDS-86. It was shown that oral inoculation of strain UDS-86 influenced correction of the intestinal microflora in the mice and persons after the antibiotic therapy and carbohydrate nutrition. Oral inoculation of S. faecium UDS-86 resulted in lower quantities of potentially pathogenic organisms and higher levels of lactobacteria in the intestine at the background of dysbacteriosis induced by the antibiotic therapy and carbohydrate nutrition. Possible development of a preparation, eubiotic based on S. faecium UDS-86 is discussed.

[Microflora study of the intestinal cavity and mucosa normally and after gamma irradiation]. / Izuchenie mikroflory polosti i slizistoi obolochki kishechnika v norme i posle gamma-oblucheniia.

Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are numerically prevalent in the microflora of the mucous membrane in mice and guinea-pigs. Some opportunistic microorganisms (Proteus, enterococci, aerobic bacilli, clostridia in mice; streptococci, yeast, enterococci in guinea-pigs) can mainly be found in the cavity of the large intestine, only small amounts of these microorganisms (10(2)), if any, are present on the mucous membrane. In the course of postradiation dysbacteriosis in mice and guinea pigs all opportunistic microorganisms which inhabit the cavity of the large intestine, proliferating actively, disseminate into the small intestine and, probably, invade the mucous membrane. Such microorganism as Escherichia, Proteus, Clostridium, normally absent in intact animals, appear in the intestine of guinea of guinea pigs subjected to irradiation. At the same time lactobacilli and bifidobacteria sharply decrease in number.

[Interaction between lactobacilli and the intestinal mucosa]. / Vzaimodeistvie laktobatsill so slizistoi obolochkoi kishechnika.

The study of the distribution of lactobacilli in the lumen and on the mucosa of the intestine of CBA mice, as well as the interaction of lactobacilli with the mucosa under normal conditions and in experimental postradiation dysbacteriosis, showed that under normal conditions lactobacilli could be found practically in all portions of the intestine of the mice both in the lumen and on the mucosa. Lactobacilli were closely associated with the mucosa, and this association was not affected by the treatment of the mucosa with trypsin and detergents. In postradiation dysbacteriosis the association of lactobacilli with the mucosa became weaker; as a result, the number of bacteria associated with the mucosa decreased 10 times. Exogenic streptomycin-resistant lactic acid bacteria, subjected to multiple passages through the organism of the animals, could take on the intestinal mucosa.

[Biological properties of antibiotic-resistant strains of lactic acid bacteria]. / Izuchenie biologicheskikh svoistv antibiotikoustoichivykh shtammov molochnikislykh bakterii.

Lactic-acid bacteria (L. fermenti, L. acidophilus, L. delbruecki), when developing resistance to antibiotics, did not change their main biochemical, antagonistic properties and did not lose capacity for acid production. Only a decrease in their growth rate and a change in their sensitivity to the action of ultraviolet radiation were observed. Both initial and antibiotic-resistant strains were capable of taking on the mucous membrane of the large and small intestines in CBA mice.