Relationship between altered taste and smell with malnutrition among hemodialysis patients.

INTRODUCTION: Alterations in taste and smell are among the most distressing symptoms experienced by haemodialysis patients. There is limited research on the relationship between these two symptoms and malnutrition in haemodialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate alterations in taste and smell in hemodialysis patients and their relationship with malnutrition. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 149 hemodialysis patients at the dialysis centers of three state hospitals. The Taste and Smell Dysfunction Questionnaire was used to assess the changes in patients' taste and smell, and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), as well as the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) tool, were utilized to evaluate their nutritional status. FINDINGS: A substantial percentage (45.6%) of patients reported an altered sense of smell, and 40.2% reported an altered sense of taste. The aspect of taste that was most abnormal was bitterness (46.7%); 53.0% of the patients were at moderate risk of malnutrition by PNI score, and 14.8% were categorized as malnourished by CONUT score. Malnutrition was related to dialysis vintage: a 1-year increase in vintage was associated with an increased risk of malnutrition (OR: 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.32, p < 0.001). Altered taste was associated with malnutrition: one-unit increase in the standard deviation of the taste subdimension score was associated with a relative risk of malnutrition (OR: 6.89, 95% CI 1.67-28.39, p < 0.001). A one-unit increase in the standard deviation of the smell subdimension was associated with relative risk of malnutrition (OR: 1.35, 95% CI 1.10-1.64, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Malnutrition was found in a significantpercentage of hemodialysis patients. Altered taste and smell and the durationof dialysis treatment were significantly associated with malnutrition scores It isrecommended that healthcare professionals regularly assess alterations in tasteand smell in hemodialysis patients, as these alterations may be associated withmalnutrition, and manage these alterations accordingly.

Nursing Students' Operating Room Experiences: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis.

PURPOSE: Missed nursing care is a condition that is likely to be encountered frequently in the surgical care process and is generally related to the educational and emotional needs of the patients. Perception of and witnessing missed care can affect nursing images, expectations, and experiences by causing nursing students to experience professional disappointment. The purpose of the study was to explore nursing students' perception of missed perioperative nursing care according to "role theory" and Benner's "novice to expert" theories. METHODS: The study used a qualitative design based on Heidegger's hermeneutical phenomenological approach. Study data were collected using a semistructured interview form prepared by the researchers through face-to-face interviews lasting approximately 50 minutes. The analysis of the data was conducted using van Manen's thematic analysis. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) checklist was used in reporting the study. RESULTS: This study, which was conducted to explore awareness of perioperative missed nursing care (PMNC), consisted of 12 students, including five males and seven females. Nursing students who noticed PMNC in clinical practice experienced internal conflict about the issue, were concerned about the image of nursing, and experienced role and professional identity confusion. The themes of the study were formed in light of these experiences of nursing students. Three themes and 11 subthemes emerged in the study. The themes of the study were (1) perceived PMNC applications-behavior patterns (2) internal reflections of PMNC-its impact on professional identity development and (3) perceptions of professionalism in perioperative nursing CONCLUSIONS: This study provided important data about the awareness of PMNC in the surgical clinical practice of nursing students in Turkey and the effects of this awareness on the professional roles and professional identity process. Students were aware of the behavioral patterns of PMNC and experienced internal conflict, anxiety about the nursing image, role confusion, and professional identity confusion due to this awareness. Some students justified the PMNC behaviors of the nurses and others saw themselves as the power to change the PMNC behaviors.

Nursing Students' Perception of Missed Perioperative Nursing Care: Hermeneutic Phenomenology.

PURPOSE: Missed nursing care is a condition that is likely to be encountered frequently in the surgical care process and is generally related to the educational and emotional needs of the patients. Perception of and witnessing missed care can affect nursing images, expectations, and experiences by causing nursing students to experience professional disappointment. The purpose of the study was to explore nursing students' perception of perioperative missed nursing care (PMNC) according to "role theory" and Benner's "novice to expert" theories. DESIGN: The study used a qualitative design based on Heidegger's hermeneutical phenomenological approach. METHODS: Study data were collected using a semistructured interview form prepared by the researchers through face-to-face interviews lasting approximately 50 minutes. The analysis of the data was conducted using van Manen's thematic analysis. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was used in reporting the study. FINDINGS: This study, which was conducted to explore awareness of PMNC, consisted of 12 students, including five males and seven females. It was understood that nursing students noticed PMNC in clinical practice, experienced internal conflict about the issue, were concerned about the image of nursing, and experienced role and professional identity confusion. The themes of the study were formed in light of these experiences of nursing students. Three themes and 11 subthemes emerged in the study. The themes of the study were (1) perceived PMNC application-behavior patterns, (2) internal reflections of PMNC-its impact on professional identity development, and (3) perceptions of professionalism in perioperative nursing. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided important data about the awareness of PMNC in the surgical clinical practice of nursing students in Turkey and the effects of this awareness on the professional roles and professional identity process. Students were aware of the behavioral patterns of PMNC and that they experienced internal conflict, anxiety about the nursing image, role confusion, and professional identity confusion due to this awareness. Some students justified the PMNC behaviors of the nurses and others saw themselves as the power to change the PMNC behaviors.

Colostomy may offer hope in improving quality of life: a phenomenological qualitative study with patients dependent on a wheelchair.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the perspectives of patients who had spinal cord injuries and were wheelchair-dependent on colostomy surgery, which is among the bowel movement methods. METHODS: In this qualitative study, which was based on Heidegger's hermeneutical phenomenological approach, the Van Manen method was used to reveal how patients were affected by their experiences. The data of the study were collected by directly interviewing the patients and using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were recorded with a voice recorder device with the permission of the participants. Nine patients who were leading a life dependent on a wheelchair as a result of spinal cord injury made up the sample of the study. RESULTS: Six of the participants were female. The ages of participants ranged between 32 and 52, and all of them were married. The results of the interviews indicated that the experiences of participants who were dependent on a wheelchair about bowel movement management consisted of three main themes: (a) difficult experiences; (b) coping with difficulties; and (c) colostomy awareness experience. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed that knowledge of a stoma obtained from different sources was a glimmer of hope for patients but that healthcare professionals did not exhibit a supportive attitude toward this hope.

Experiences of nurses providing care for patients with COVID-19 in acute care settings in the early stages of the pandemic: A thematic meta-synthesis study.

AIM: The aim of this work is to synthesize and interpret qualitative research examining the experiences of nurses providing care for patients with COVID-19 in acute care settings in the early stages of the pandemic in different countries. BACKGROUND: The prevalence of disasters, including the pandemic, is increasing globally. It is important to understand nurses' experiences in depth to effectively manage extraordinary events that may occur in the future. DESIGN: This is a thematic meta-synthesis study. METHODS: Electronic databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, and Scopus, were searched for publications from December 2019 to October 2020. The search was updated for publications to 30 May 2022. The thematic synthesis method was used to analyse and interpret the data. FINDINGS: The experiences of the nurses giving care to patients with COVID-19 were grouped under four themes: (1) Difficulties encountered in the care of patients with COVID-19; (2) mixed emotions experienced in the care of patients with COVID-19; (3) coping strategies that nurses used in the management of the pandemic; (4) the benefits of the COVID-19 to nurses. CONCLUSION: Nurses faced many difficulties and experienced mixed emotions while providing care for patients with coronavirus disease. Perceived social support was seen as the most important strategy for coping with these difficult situations. It is important to be aware of the difficulties and emotions experienced by nurses and support them during the COVID-19 pandemic for the management of future pandemics.

Dyadic adjustment and the relationship between sexual self-consciousness and sexual dysfunction in individuals with spinal cord injuries: A descriptive study.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the dyadic adjustment between individuals with SCI and their spouses and the relationship between their sexual self-consciousness and sexual life and to evaluate it according to the objectification theory. METHOD: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 131 married individuals with SCI registered in the physical therapy and rehabilitation outpatient clinic of a university hospital between February 2020 and April 2021. The data of the study were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (ASIA), the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), the Sexual Self-Consciousness Scale (SSCS), and the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX). In the study, the predictors of the sexual life of individuals with SCI were evaluated with the Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression analysis. In addition, predictors of sexual dysfunction in individuals with SCI were evaluated by the logistic regression analysis. The results were discussed within the framework of objectification theory. RESULTS: According to the results of the study, .67.2% of the individuals with spinal cord injuries experienced sexual functionality problems; increased age, falling injuries, and being in ASIA grade A increased sexual self-awareness and sexual dysfunction; and being a male with SCI increased sexual focus. It was found that the adjustment between individuals with SCI and their spouses was a predictor that significantly reduced sexual embarrassment, sexual self-consciousness, and sexual dysfunction and that the strong adjustment between couples was an important factor for the prevention of sexual dysfunction development. CONCLUSION: It was found that most individuals with spinal cord injuries experienced sexual dysfunction. The importance of dyadic adjustment and sexual self-consciousness has come to the fore in the sexual life of these individuals.

Investigation of the relationship between the use of complementary alternative medicine and illness perception and illness cognition in patients with diabetic foot ulcer.

OBJECTIVE: to examine the relationship between illness perception, illness cognition, and other sociodemographic characteristics of individuals with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and their complementary alternative therapies (CAM) use within the framework of self-regulation model (SRM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with 220 individuals with DFU in the Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases outpatient clinic of two training and research hospitals between December 5, 2020, and June 5, 2021. Research data were collected by using the Patient Information Form, Brief Illness Perception Scale (BIPS), and Illness Cognition Questionnaire (ICQ). Descriptive statistical methods and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to were used in the evaluation of the data. The determinants of the CAM use status of the patients were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: It was determined that 136 (61.81%) patients who used CAM mostly preferred herbal methods. Patients' mean scores were 42.23 ± 5.66 on the total BIPS, 39.65 ± 16.01 on the total ICQ. Increasing age, female gender, increased disease perception (BIPS) and disease cognition (ICQ) increased the use of CAM (Nagelkerke R2:0.552; Model: x2 = 168.579 p = 0.00) CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that our patients frequently preferred CAM. Predictors of CAM use were identified as female gender, advanced age, illness perception, and illness cognition. Accordingly, for effective management of DFU, besides the comprehensive evaluation of individuals with DFU and the provision of wound care by health care professionals, illness perceptions, illness cognition, and CAM use should be considered carefully.

Experiences of Patients Undergoing Bypass Surgery With Health Professionals During the Perioperative Care Process: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study.

PURPOSE: To determine the experiences and perceptions of patients who underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery with perioperative health care professionals. DESIGN: The study used a qualitative research design and was conducted by interviewing eight patients who underwent CABG surgery. METHODS: Study data were collected between April 24, 2020 and February 25, 2021 via a demographic information form and a semi-structured interview form and analyzed by using Heidegger's phenomenological approach. FINDINGS: The participants were between the ages of 51 and 70. They were patients who had undergone CABG surgery 2 months before data collection. Two themes were elicited from the interviews: "If you are bad, I am bad, too", which indicated negative experiences of CABG, and "If you are good, I am safe", which indicated positive patient experiences. In addition, eight sub-themes were determined under these two themes. CONCLUSIONS: In the perioperative process, patients may experience feelings of restlessness, fear, vulnerability, insecurity, and threat when ignored by health care professionals. The provision of interaction between the health professional and the patient, along with family support, changes the perceived care positively and makes patients feel cared for, well, and safe. Awareness of health care professionals about patient experiences during the CABG surgery process points to an important aspect of quality health care.

The effect of inadequately conducted compulsory distance education on the professional identity development process from nursing students' perspective: A phenomenological qualitative study.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to explore the effect of inadequately conducted compulsory distance education on the professional identity (PI) development process from nursing students' perspective. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study used a qualitative design based on Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The data were analyzed by using Van Manen's thematic analysis. RESULTS: The themes of the study were: (1) an inadequate, compulsory, uncertain, and difficult experience, (2) negative impact on PI development. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: It is important for educators to realize that the PI development of nursing students is affected during the distance education process. In this context, students can be included in clinical practice in small groups before graduation in addition to online learning in terms of PI development.

The Effect of Preoperative Fear and Related Factors on Patients' Postcataract Surgery Comfort Level: A Regression Study.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of precataract surgery fear levels on postoperative patient comfort. DESIGN: A descriptive study was conducted with 236 patients undergoing cataract surgery. METHODS: Study data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Surgical Fear Scale, and Short General Comfort Questionnaire. The extent of the relationship between predictors affecting patient comfort in cataract surgery was evaluated using linear regression analysis. FINDINGS: A statistically significant negative correlation was found between preoperative fear and postoperative patient comfort. Surgical Fear Scale sub-dimensions, patients' inadequate information perception, gender, and previous cataract surgery experience were identified as predictors of comfort level. CONCLUSIONS: Patients' surgical fear and being inadequately informed decreased postoperative patient comfort. Patient characteristics of male gender and prior cataract surgery were associated with increased postoperative comfort levels. This study revealed the importance of fear management and individualized care in cataract surgery.

Diet and fluid restriction experiences of patients on hemodialysis: a meta-synthesis study / Experiencias de pacientes en hemodiálisis con restricción de dieta y de líquidos: metasíntesis

ABSTRACT Introduction:Non-compliance with diet and fluid restriction is an important and common health behavior problem in the hemodialysis population and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, investigating the perceptions and experiences of patients undergoing hemodialysis regarding diet and fluid restriction is very important in terms of achieving the management of diet and fluid restriction. Methods: This is a meta-synthesis study. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, and Scopus electronic databases were utilized for the literature review. Studies were critically evaluated using the Joanna Briggs critical appraisal tool. Qualitative data were extracted, meta-summarized, and then meta-synthesized. The thematic analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. Results: This review consisted of 23 qualitative studies. The experiences of patients undergoing hemodialysis about diet and fluid restriction were classified into three main themes, namely, "the meaning of diet and fluid restriction for the patient", "perceived barriers", and "patient's own management strategies for diet and fluid restriction". Conclusion: The results of the synthesis in our study indicated that patients undergoing hemodialysis perceived diet and fluid restriction as a complex and challenging process involving a constant struggle. Some personal, social, and systemic barriers perceived by the patients made compliance with diet and fluid restriction even more difficult. More importantly, it was determined that most of the patients were not supported enough in the management of diet and fluid restriction and that they had developed strategies in their own right. In line with these results, we recommend that individual counseling services for diet-fluid restriction of patients undergoing hemodialysis should be increased, the obstacles perceived by the patient should be considered while planning patients' diet-fluid restriction, and that the planning should be realistic and feasible.

RESUMEN Introducción: El incumplimiento de la dieta y la restricción de líquidos es un problema de comportamiento común e importante en la población en hemodiálisis, con impacto en el estado de salud, y que se asocia con aumento de la morbimortalidad. Por lo tanto, investigar las percepciones y experiencias de los pacientes en hemodiálisis con respecto a la dieta y a la restricción de líquidos es muy importante para alcanzar el manejo de los mismos. Métodos: Este es un estudio de metasíntesis. Para la revisión de la literatura se utilizaron las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web ofScience, OVID y Scopus. Los estudios se evaluaron críticamente utilizando la herramienta de evaluación crítica de Joanna Briggs. Fueron extraídos los datos cualitativos, meta-resumidos y luego meta-sintetizados. En el análisis de los datos se utilizó el método de análisis temático. Resultados: Esta revisión consistió en 23 estudios cualitativos. Las experiencias de los pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis en relación con la dieta y la restricción de líquidos se clasificaron en tres temas principales, a saber, "el significado de la dieta y la restricción de líquidos para el paciente", "barreras percibidas" y "estrategias de manejo propias del paciente para la dieta y la restricción de líquidos". Conclusión: Los resultados de la síntesis en nuestro estudio indicaron que los pacientes en hemodiálisis percibían la dieta y la restricción de líquidos como un proceso complejo y desafiante que implicaba una lucha constante. Algunas barreras personales, sociales y sistémicas percibidas por los pacientes dificultaron aún más el cumplimiento de las indicaciones. Más importante aún, se determinó que la mayoría de los pacientes no recibieron suficiente apoyo en el manejo de la dieta y la restricción de líquidos y que habían desarrollado estrategias por sí mismos. De acuerdo con estos resultados, recomendamos aumentar los servicios de asesoramiento individual para la restricción dietética-líquida de los pacientes en hemodiálisis, considerar los obstáculos percibidos por ellos al planificar la restricción dietética-líquida y realizar una planificación que sea realista y factible.

Experiences of patients and their partners with sexual problems after spinal cord injury: A phenomenological qualitative study.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the experiences of patients and their partners about their sexual lives after Spinal Cord Injury (SCI).Design: This qualitative study was based on Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenological approach.Setting: The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic of a city hospital in the Central Anatolia Region in Turkey.Participants: The study consisted of seven female and six male patients with spinal cord injury and their partners.Outcome measures: The textual analysis was carried out in three stages: (1) a naive reading, (2) a structural analysis, and (3) a comprehensive understanding of the text including a discussion. The sample size was calculated by using the criterion sampling technique.Results: As a result of the in-depth interviews with individuals with SCI about their sexual experiences, five themes were derived: (1) first confrontation with SCI, (2) experienced sexual problems, (3) coping, (4) partners' views on sexual problems, and (5) other people.Conclusion: It was found that the sex life of individuals with SCI was negatively affected, they were left helpless in dealing with their problems, and that some patients had difficulties in coping with this condition.

The Relationship between Malnutrition and Subjective Taste Change Experienced by Patients with Cancer Receiving Outpatient Chemotherapy Treatment.

Taste changes and malnutrition are two important problems in patients with different types of cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between malnutrition and subjective taste changes experienced by cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy. The study used a cross-sectional design and was carried out with 1382 patients with cancer receiving outpatient chemotherapy. Of the patients, 63.1% experienced taste changes. It was determined that 8.8% of patients had malnutrition according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment. The mean scores of patients experiencing malnutrition and being at risk for malnutrition from all sub-dimensions of The Chemotherapy-induced Taste Alteration Scale (CiTAS) were found to be higher than the patient group evaluated to have normal nutrition. It was determined that a unit increase in the scores of the parageusia and phantogeusia subscales of the CiTAS increased the risk of malnutrition by 3.36 times (%95 CI= 2.68-4.02). In line with these results, we recommend that patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy should be routinely evaluated in terms of taste changes in clinical practice and that they should be followed up in terms of malnutrition in the presence of taste changes.

"I Felt Alienated in the Operating Room": A Phenomenological Qualitative Study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical practice experiences of nursing students in the operating room and to evaluate these experiences in terms of professional socialization. DESIGN: This study was designed as a qualitative study based on Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenological approach. METHODS: The study was conducted with second-year nursing students who attended the operating room (OR) as an observer for 10 hours as part of the Surgical Nursing course. The study data were collected with a semistructured interview form on the day following this restricted and limited experience. This form included items that questioned the students' experiences of how they perceived the clinical experience and how they were ultimately affected. The data were analyzed using van Manen's thematic analysis. FINDINGS: The study was conducted with nine students, including four males and five females. The ages of the students ranged between 19 and 21 years. Two themes and seven subthemes were determined as a result of the data analysis. The themes of the study were (1) short and difficult experience and (2) very important for professional socialization. CONCLUSIONS: The study provided important information about nursing students' experiences regarding the effect of OR practice on their professional socialization. It was understood that the students perceived OR practice as a short and difficult experience, felt worthless and alienated, and realized that there was no empathy in the OR. Additionally, they stated that the team members did their job very well and that they felt the importance of being the best. Moreover, they found OR practice important for guiding one's career goals, professional socialization, and gaining a professional identity.

The Effect of Modified Epley Maneuver Implementation on the Anxiety and Comfort Levels of Patients with Posterior Canal Bening Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Prospective Study.

To evaluate the effects of the modified Epley maneuver during Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) on patients' anxiety and comfort levels. The study, organized as a prospective, worked with 72 patients who were diagnosed with Posterior Canal BPPV through Dix-Hallpike maneuver. The data for the study was collected through Descriptive Characteristics Form, General Comfort Questionnaire Short Form, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. It was found that that 63.9% of the patients experienced average-level anxiety before the implementation of the Epley maneuver and received a total of 3.07 ± .37 (1-6) from the General Comfort Questionnaire. Before applying the modified Epley maneuver and I and IV When the score changes after the week were examined, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in all scale scores, as comfort levels increased, anxiety levels decreased. Anxiety was identified as the most important predictor of patients' comfort level before and after the implementation of the modified Epley maneuver. In light of these findings, it can be said that modified Epley maneuver can safely be used to increase the comfort of patients with Posterior Canal BPPV. Considering that patients with BPPV can consult to emergency rooms, family clinics along with polyclinics, it is recommended to organize regular trainings on BPPV and the implementation of the Epley maneuver. It is believed that evaluation of BPPV patients for their anxiety and offer support when needed is important for the prognosis and patients' comfort.

Investigation of the relationship between nursing students' disgust sensitivity and caring behaviours.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the disgust sensitivity of nursing students, the factors affecting this sensitivity, their caring behaviors and the relationships between these components. BACKGROUND: Disgust sensitivity has been conceptualized as the degree of disgust felt in response to various stimuli. Nursing students often encounter recognized disgust triggers in clinical practice, such as feces, mucus, urine, foul-smelling wounds and contact with the dead. The nursing students' disgust sensitivity can affect the way they think and may affect their care behaviors. DESIGN: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted with nursing students in a Turkish university nursing program (n = 577). METHODS: The study data was collected through the Disgust Sensitivity Scale-Revised Form and the Caring Assessment Questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the students in the study, 59.6% stated that they experienced disgust while providing care. A negative relationship was found between students' total scores from the Disgust Scale and the Caring Assessment Questionnaire (p < 0.01). The students' disgust sensitivity level was high and the higher the disgust sensitivity, the fewer caring behaviors they exhibited. CONCLUSIONS: In light of these findings, it can be said that the caring behaviors of nursing students are negatively influenced by disgust sensitivity. Hence, nurse educators need to evaluate students' disgust sensitivity, help students to identify and address their disgust emotions, deal with disgust management strategies together and be aware of when students need support.

Breast Cancer Perception Scale: Psychometric Development Study.

OBJECTIVE: The Breast Cancer Perception Scale was developed using a well-supported theory, thought to be associated with breast cancer prevention behaviors. The aim of this study is to develop the Breast Cancer Perception Scale based on the Health Belief Model and conduct psychometric analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted with women aged 20 or above with a methodological design. The scale study was conducted with 572 women who were not diagnosed with breast cancer and willing to participate in the study. RESULTS: The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale is made up of six sub-dimensions (perceived knowledge, perceived treatment belief, the perceived need for a health check, perceived stigma, perceived fear, perceived risk) and 24 items, which explain the 74.36% of the total variance. The model obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis was within the limits of the acceptable fit index and factor loads between 0.655 and 0.998. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the scale sub-dimensions was determined as 0.815-0.950. CONCLUSION: The overall psychometric evaluation results of the Breast Cancer Perception Scale found it to be a valid and reliable instrument that can be associated with multi-dimensional cases, such as healthy life behaviors in women, breast cancer diagnostic behaviors, family history, traumatic experiences regarding breast cancer, and the level of breast cancer knowledge.

The Relationship of Preseptoplasty and Postseptoplasty Early Period Comfort Level With Nasal Obstruction, Sleep Quality, and Fatigue Severity: A Prospective Study.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the comfort level, nasal obstruction, sleep quality, and fatigue of patients with septal deviation preseptoplasty and postseptoplasty. DESIGN: A prospective study conducted on 65 patients diagnosed with septal deviation. METHODS: The data of the study were collected using an Introductory Information Form, a Short General Comfort Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Nasal Obstruction Septoplasty Effectiveness Scale. Linear regression was performed to evaluate the extent of the relationship of predictors affecting the comfort level. FINDINGS: There was a statistically significant difference between the scores in the preoperative period and postoperative weeks 4 and 12. It was found that patients' use of sleeping medication, nasal obstruction, fatigue, and subjective sleep quality were the primary predictors of comfort levels in the preoperative period. In the postoperative week 4, comfort level predictors were daytime dysfunction and subjective sleep quality. Daytime dysfunction and working conditions were the predictors of comfort level in the postoperative week 12. CONCLUSIONS: Many physical problems, such as nasal obstruction, fatigue, and sleep disorders were detected in patients before septoplasty. This study revealed the importance of performing septoplasty before sleep quality reaches a pathologic level or requires a sleep medication.

The effect of instructors' clinical experience on professional socialization from the perspective of nursing students: A phenomenological qualitative study.

Nursing students spend efforts to be familiar with their professional roles and professional values and to understand professional behaviors, functions, and values correctly in clinical practices. First and second-year nursing students are in the early stages of professional socialization in clinical practice. In the third year, students start to reach a level at which they are aware of the professional behaviors of instructors in clinical practice in terms of professional socialization. This study aimed to determine how the effect of instructors on the professional socialization of students in clinical practice was perceived by the students. The study used a qualitative design based on Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenological approach. First, the content of the questions in the interview form and the aim of the study were explained to the students, and then the interviews were conducted with 10 students who agreed to participate in face-to-face in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using van Manen's thematic analysis and three themes and seven sub-themes were determined. The themes of the study were as follows: (1) It may make professional socialization easier or difficult (subthemes: "It is important to be aware of my presence"; "Unfair practices related to marks and threat with marks"), (2) Instructors' communication with nurses affects us (subthemes: "Positive atmosphere of care", "Acceptance in the clinic"), (3) I am aware of our instructors with clinical experience (subthemes: "Like someone in the clinic", "Role model with care behaviors", "Like carrying water in your palms"). In light of the results of this study, it has been understood that the clinical experience of the instructors is important. In addition, the importance of clinical experience in the employment of instructors has emerged.

The relationship between the fear of breast cancer, risk factors, and early diagnosis behaviors of women by age groups.

PURPOSE: This study investigates the relationship between fear of breast cancer, risk factors, and early diagnosis behavior of women aged 20 or above. METHOD: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study. FINDINGS: It was found that 17.3% of the women conducted breast self-examination, 14.0% underwent clinical breast examination, and that 9.3% of them underwent mammography. The predictors regularly affecting early diagnosis behaviors were identified through logistic regression. Different predictors for breast cancer diagnostic behaviors were found in each age group. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study is important in terms of taking into account the age factor in the practices aiming to increase the diagnostic behavior of healthcare personnel, especially nurses. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that there were different predictors of breast cancer diagnostic behaviors in both age groups of the women in the study.