Desenvolvimento de competências de prática baseada em evidência dos enfermeiros: contributos da supervisão clínica / Development of nurses' evidence-based practice skills: contributions of clinical supervision

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar o impacto da implementação do Modelo SafeCare nas competências de prática baseada em evidência dos enfermeiros. Métodos método misto caracterizado pela triangulação concomitante. Os dados quantitativos foram coletados antes e após a implementação do Modelo, por meio do Questionário de Eficácia Clínica e Prática Baseada em Evidências, com análise estatística descritiva. Os valores de prova foram obtidos com recurso ao teste de Wilcoxon. Participaram 13 enfermeiros. Os dados qualitativos foram obtidos de entrevistas com 11 enfermeiros de um hospital público e analisados pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas com a implementação do modelo. Contudo, os enfermeiros identificaram o aumento de competências em prática baseada em evidência com o reconhecimento de vantagens no seu desenvolvimento profissional, na organização e na assistência ao paciente. Conclusão a implementação do modelo mostrou ter contribuído para o desenvolvimento das competências em prática baseada em evidência.

ABSTRACT Objective to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the SafeCare Model on the evidence-based practice competencies of nurses. Methods mixed method characterized by concomitant triangulation. Quantitative data were collected before and after the implementation of the Model, by means of the Clinical Effectiveness and Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire, with descriptive statistical analysis. Evidence values were obtained using the Wilcoxon test. Thirteen nurses participated. Qualitative data were obtained from interviews with 11 nurses from a public hospital and analyzed using the Content Analysis technique. Results there were no statistically significant differences with the implementation of the model. However, nurses identified increased competencies in evidence-based practice with the recognition of advantages in their professional development, organization, and patient care. Conclusion the implementation of the model has been shown to have contributed to the development of competencies in evidence-based practice.

Impacto de um modelo de supervisão clínica nas capacidades da inteligência emocional em enfermeiros / Impact of a model of clinical supervision over the emotional intelligence capacities of nurses

RESUMO Objetivo analisar o impacto da implementação de um modelo de supervisão clínica em enfermagem nas capacidades da inteligência emocional dos enfermeiros. Métodos estudo de métodos mistos. Colheu-se os dados quantitativos antes e após a implementação do Modelo, pela escala Capacidades da Inteligência Emocional em Enfermeiros; analisou-se por estatística descritiva e pelo teste-t para amostras emparelhadas. Participaram 47 enfermeiros de um hospital. Obteve-se os dados qualitativos pela análise dos discursos dos enfermeiros numa apresentação pública, através de técnicas de análise de conteúdo tipo temática/categorial. Os achados foram integrados no final para gerar os resultados. Resultados não se verificou diferenças estatisticamente significativas com a implementação do Modelo. Contudo, os enfermeiros envolvidos reconheceram o impacto positivo do Modelo SafeCare no desenvolvimento das competências emocionais. Conclusão o estudo apresentou contributos para a supervisão clínica e para o desenvolvimento das competências emocionais.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the impact of the implementation of a model of clinical supervision over the emotional intelligence capacities of nurses. Methods mixed methods study. Quantitative data were collected before and after the implementation of the Model, using the scale of Emotional Intelligence Capacities of Nurses; analyses were carried out using descriptive statistics and paired samples were analyzed using the t-test. 47 nurses from one hospital participated. Qualitative data were obtained from the analysis of the discourses of the nurses in a public presentation, using thematic/categorizing content analysis. The findings were integrated at the end to generate the results. Results no statistically significant differences were found with the implementation of the Model. However, the nurses involved recognized the positive impact of the SafeCare Model in the development of emotional competences. Conclusion the study contributed for clinical supervision and for the development of emotional competences.

Risk factors for developing nosocomial infections among pediatric patients.

BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infections (NIs) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in pediatric hospitals. Multiple factors contribute towards exposing children to the risk of infection when hospitalized, and some of them differ from those in adults. METHODS: This was a prospective study in a tertiary-level teaching pediatric hospital in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, conducted from January to July, 2003, to describe the epidemiologic characteristics of NIs. Centers for Disease Control's standard definitions were used and the data recorded included intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. RESULTS: We evaluated 808 patients. There were 143 episodes of NI in 124 patients (15.4%). The overall incidence of NI cases was 9.2 per 1,000 patient-days, with higher rates among children aged less than 1 year (P < 0.001) and those with nonsurgical clinical diseases (P < 0.001). Gastrointestinal infections (39.2%) and eye, ear, nose, throat or mouth infections (29.4%) were most common. The factors most closely associated with higher incidence of NI were respiratory disease on admission (incidence density ratio [IDR], 4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.83-5.72), another disease associated with admission diagnosis (IDR, 3.5; 95% CI, 2.41-5.02), nonsurgical clinical disease (IDR, 5.9; 95% CI, 3.92-8.85) and pediatric intensive care unit residence (IDR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.91-6.28). The lengths of hospital stay for patients with and without nosocomial infection were, respectively, 14.1 days (SD, 20.5 days) and 5.1 days (SD, 6.6 days) (t = 121.76; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial infections are a frequent complication in pediatrics. They are not necessarily related to invasive procedures but certainly are related to a group of factors that have particular characteristics in the pediatric age group.