RESUMO
AIM: Optimization of diagnostics of genital herpesvirus infection (herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus [CMV]) in women with tubal-peritoneal infertility on the basis of detection of viral material in various parts of genital system using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and revealing pathogenetically significant systemic abnormalitites of cytokine- and nitroxidergic regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-three women with tubal-peritoneal infertility were included in the study. Immunoenzyme assay, PCR, and modified Griess method were used. RESULTS: In cervical canal herpesvirus infection was detected together with other agents in 30.1% of cases. In upper parts of reproductive system monoinfection with herpesvirus was detected in 74.63% of cases (herpes virus types 1 and 2--in 46.03%, CMV--in 28.6% of women). Increased levels of stable end metabolites of nitric oxide and cytokines were noted in sera of tested women. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory changes in reproductive organs in women with tubal-peritoneal infertility are determined by chronic herpesvirus infection. This leads to Th1 polarization of immune response and developing of immune-mediated inflammation.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/análise , Herpes Genital/diagnóstico , Herpesvirus Humano 1/isolamento & purificação , Herpesvirus Humano 2/isolamento & purificação , Infertilidade Feminina/virologia , Adulto , Colo do Útero/virologia , Doença Crônica , Citocinas/sangue , Citomegalovirus/genética , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/complicações , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Tubas Uterinas/virologia , Feminino , Herpes Genital/complicações , Herpes Genital/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 1/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 2/genética , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/sangue , Óxido Nítrico/sangue , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismoRESUMO
Using the Bioage and Snake software the immune and cardiovascular system aging rate was diagnosed in patients having early forms of chronic cerebrovascular diseases (CCVD). The indicators of biological, cardiopulmonary and immunological age were studied in patients showing early symptoms of cerebrovascular insufficiency and dyscirculatory encephalopathy of the 1st stage. The rate of age-dependent physiological changes was diagnosed compared to general body aging rate. Some specific patterns of immune system aging were found in patients with early forms of CCVDs, the cardinal aging symptoms (heterotropia, heterochronia) were verified.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/imunologia , Sistema Imunitário/fisiologia , Imunidade , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Encefalopatias , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Cardiovasculares , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/diagnóstico , Doença Crônica , Processos Heterotróficos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pacientes , Software , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
AIM: To study the composition of microflora of lower and upper parts of reproductive system in women with tubal-peritoneal sterility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty-five women with tubal-peritoneal sterilitywere examined. Laparoscopy with biopsy of ovaries and endometrium with evaluation of specimens by histology and PCR was performed in all patients. Cervical material, endometrial and ovarian biopsy specimens, and peritoneal fluid were tested by PCR on the presence of genetic material of sexually-transmitted microorganisms. Cervical material was tested for human papillomaviruses (types 16 and 18). RESULTS: Bacteria were isolated from cervical canal specimens in 40% of women. Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, herpes virus type 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus were detected in specimens of cervical canal, endometrium, ovaries and peritoneal fluid in 80%, 38,6%, 34,3%, and 38,46% of women, respectively. CONCLUSION: In cases of tubal-peritoneal sterility female reproductive system is infected with different pathogenic microorganisms. Growth of microorganisms was detected in 40% of cervical mucosa samples. Intracellular pathogens persist in upper and lower parts of female reproductive system. It was noted that Herpes simplex infection predominated in ovaries.
Assuntos
Infertilidade Feminina/microbiologia , Adulto , Líquido Ascítico/microbiologia , Biópsia , Colo do Útero/microbiologia , Chlamydia/isolamento & purificação , Endométrio/microbiologia , Endométrio/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/patologia , Mucosa/microbiologia , Ovário/microbiologia , Ovário/patologia , Simplexvirus/isolamento & purificação , Ureaplasma/isolamento & purificação , Cervicite Uterina/microbiologiaRESUMO
The study was undertaken to define a role of immunological damage reactions in the pathogenesis of uveitis in the presence of rheumatic diseases on the basis of an in-depth analysis of the immunological characteristics of the disease. A complex immunological study was made in 76 rheumatic patients with uveitis in the acute phase of eye diseases. Among the patients, the males and females were 67.1 and 32.9%, respectively; their mean age was 41+/-6.4 years. The authors made CD typing of lymphocytes, by evaluating the processes of their activation and apoptosis, estimated the amount of the cytokines IL-4, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and soluble TNF-alpha receptor in the serum and tear. The authors have established the following characteristics of an immune response in rheumatic patients with uveitis: a predominant impairment of cellular immunity with an increase in the processes of positive activation of lymphocytes and a reduction in the processes of their apoptosis; formation of Th1 deviation of systemic and local immune responses; elevated levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha in the blood and in the tear in particular. Humoral immunity was found to be activated with a rise in the levels of immunoglobulins of all classes and circulating immune complexes.
Assuntos
Imunidade Celular/imunologia , Linfócitos/imunologia , Doenças Reumáticas/complicações , Uveíte/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Apoptose , Citocinas/metabolismo , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Ativação Linfocitária , Linfócitos/patologia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Doenças Reumáticas/imunologia , Doenças Reumáticas/metabolismo , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Lágrimas/metabolismo , Uveíte/etiologia , Uveíte/metabolismoRESUMO
Infectious agents were detected in 100% of examined children with Reiter's disease (RD). Chlamydia trachomatis were detected in 98% of cases. In children with RD lesions of joints and eyes often took acute forms with cases of sacroiliitis, early muscular atrophy and conjunctivitis. In 95% of the patients the prostatitis manifestations were detected. In children with RD a rised number of CD lymphocytes in combination with the fivefold rised IL-4 content, an essential increase in the activity of C2-C5 components of the complement and a multiple rised level of PSA were registered.
Assuntos
Artrite Reativa , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Artrite Reativa/sangue , Artrite Reativa/imunologia , Artrite Reativa/microbiologia , Artrite Reativa/patologia , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-4/sangue , Masculino , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Prostatite/sangue , Prostatite/patologia , Articulação Sacroilíaca/patologiaRESUMO
The role of immune disturbances on the systemic and local levels is evaluated and the immunological mechanisms of tuboperitoneal sterility as the basis for the development of the methods of immunocorrection is grounded.
Assuntos
Infertilidade Feminina/imunologia , Linfócitos/imunologia , Antígenos CD/análise , Líquido Ascítico/imunologia , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/análise , Tubas Uterinas/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/sangue , Interleucina-2/análise , Contagem de Linfócitos , Receptores de Interleucina-2/análise , Salpingite/imunologiaRESUMO
Immunologic examinations were performed in 111 patients with uveitis concurrent with a variety of systemic pathologies, including 85 males and 26 females, mean age--32.4 +/- 5.8. A higher IL-6 content in blood serum (BS) and in lachrymal fluid (LF) was detected in all patients. The IL-4 content was lower in uveitis associated with ankylosing spondylitis and with Reuter's disease, whereas, it was higher in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The systemic immunity changes were related with the hemostasis impairments in the phagocytic, humoral and cellular chains: an enhanced functional activity of phagocyte cells, a lower absolute quantity of T-lymphocytes, a higher count of B-cells, a reduced concentration of IgM and of circulating immune complexes (CIC), and a diminished general hemolytic activity of the complement in BS. A reduced concentration of the secretory fraction of IgA, IgG and IgM concurrent with higher concentrations of IgA, C3- and C4 complement components, CIC and of lysozyme activity in LF was detected in the local immunity system.
Assuntos
Uveíte/complicações , Uveíte/imunologia , Adulto , Complexo Antígeno-Anticorpo/imunologia , Artrite Juvenil/complicações , Artrite Reativa/complicações , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Interleucina-4/sangue , Interleucina-6/sangue , Contagem de Linfócitos , Masculino , Muramidase/análise , Fagócitos/imunologia , Espondilite Anquilosante/complicações , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Lágrimas/imunologiaRESUMO
Analysis of 37 corneal disks removed in perforating keratoplasty for stages II-IV keratocone and of 15 corneal disks (control) from subjects dead from mechanical injuries at the age of 17-35 years was carried out. The expression of CD95 receptors on keratocyte membranes was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescent label using rabbit antibodies. Keratocyte apoptosis was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescent labeling of nuclear DNA nucleotides. Estimation of the volumic share of keratocytes expressing CD95 on cell membrane showed it to be almost 8-fold higher and apoptosis index almost 5-fold higher in the keratocone corneal disks than in the control. The results indicate the presence of a Fas-mediated mechanism of keratocyte apoptosis and its manifold predominance in the cornea in keratocone. These results are clinically significant for the choice of pathogenetic therapy of patients with keratocone.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Córnea/citologia , Ceratocone , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Cadáver , Córnea/imunologia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Humanos , Ceratocone/etiologia , Ceratocone/imunologia , Ceratocone/cirurgia , Ceratoplastia Penetrante , Modelos Biológicos , Coelhos , Receptor fas/análiseRESUMO
Biochemical parameters of the tears, reflecting oxidative processes in the eyes, were analyzed in 79 patients (146 eyes) aged 19-42 years with progressive and acute keratocone and with long remission of the disease. The data indicate disorders in oxidative processes with predominance of aerobic oxidation over anaerobic in the anterior segment of the eye. Evaluation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes showed predominance of prooxidant processes over oxidant. These disorders are related in keratocone and differ in progressive, acute condition, and remission. The greatest changes in the lacrimal oxidative processes are observed during the disease progress and even more so in acute disease. The detected changes in the lacrimal biochemistry in patients with keratocone can be regarded as an important mechanism underlying the dystrophic processes in the cornea.
Assuntos
Ceratocone/metabolismo , Adulto , Antioxidantes , Glicólise , Humanos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Oxirredução , Lágrimas/químicaRESUMO
Local immunity is analyzed in 81 patients (146 eyes) aged 16-49 years with three clinical patterns of keratocone. During long remission, IgG level was the maximum. In progressive disease, sIgA and transferrin levels were increased. The most pronounced shifts were detected in the patients with acute keratocone: increased concentrations of IgM, C3 and C4 complement components, alpha 1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, lysozyme activity, and immune complexes. These data prompt the development of pathogenetically based approaches to the treatment of patients with various clinical immunological types of keratocone.
Assuntos
Ceratocone/imunologia , Lágrimas/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Complexo Antígeno-Anticorpo/análise , Complemento C3/análise , Complemento C4/análise , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Humanos , Imunodifusão , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Ceratocone/classificação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nefelometria e TurbidimetriaRESUMO
The etiological structure of the inflammatory diseases of genitals at different levels of the reproductive tract of women with tuboperitoneal sterility was studied. The study revealed the prevalence of cocci in the cervical canal, anaerobes in the endometrium and chlamydiae in the abdominal cavity (peritoneal fluid, the ovarian capsule, fimbriated ends), as well as the presence of mixed infection in 27% of the patients under study. The specific features of immunity in women with tuboperitoneal sterility were established, which determined the main trends of the subsequent pathogenetically oriented immunocorrection.
Assuntos
Infertilidade Feminina/etiologia , Infertilidade Feminina/imunologia , Peritonite/complicações , Salpingite/complicações , Adulto , Colo do Útero/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/microbiologia , Cavidade Peritoneal/microbiologia , Peritonite/microbiologia , Salpingite/microbiologia , Útero/microbiologiaRESUMO
The population and subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes of 33 women was studied in the dynamics of non-complicated pregnancy by the method of flow cytofluorometry with the use of equipment and reagents supplied by Becton Dickinson, Inc. This study revealed that the non-complicated course of pregnancy was characterized by the adequate reaction of the mother's immune system ensuring the physiological development of the fetus during pregnancy and timely labor.
Assuntos
Linfócitos/citologia , Gravidez/imunologia , Adulto , Antígenos CD19/análise , Complexo CD3/análise , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Antígeno CD56/análise , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Contagem de Linfócitos , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/citologia , Receptores de IgG/análiseRESUMO
A single oral administration of phenoxy herbicides, viz. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), amino salt, sodium salt, diethylene glycol, iso-octyl and octyl ethers in a dose of LD16, was found to produce a pronounced suppressive effect on humoral immunity on day 5. The 2,4-D derivatives under study, administered in the same dose, stimulated the manifestations of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells. The effect of the inhibition of antibody formation to thymus-dependent antigen ranged in the order of the increase in the toxicity of substances: amino salt, diethylene glycol ether, 2,4-D, sodium salt, iso-octyl and octyl ethers. On the contrary, the intensity of delayed-type hypersensitivity was more pronounced with regard to substances having greater toxicity.
Assuntos
Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/análogos & derivados , Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/farmacologia , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Herbicidas/farmacologia , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/etiologia , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/imunologia , Imunização/métodos , Masculino , CamundongosRESUMO
The character of microflora, directly causing inflammatory process in tuboperitoneal infertility, was studied. The study revealed the prevalence of microbial associations, Chlamydia infection was detected in half of the women, and in 17% of the patients this infection was for the first time detected in the upper section of their reproductive apparatus, which was indicative of the role of Chlamydia infection in the occlusion of the uterine tubes. Opportunistic microflora persisting in persons with defective antimicrobial protection was found. The study of local protective factors in peritoneal fluid revealed the absence of T-cell activity, which was manifested by a low level of sIL-2R and the absence of a significant rise in the level of IL-2 in peritoneal fluid in comparison with that in healthy women. In addition, a decrease in the total complement activity and in the activity of component C3 of the complement was established.
Assuntos
Líquido Ascítico/etiologia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Candida/isolamento & purificação , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Herpesvirus Humano 2/isolamento & purificação , Infertilidade Feminina/etiologia , Adulto , Formação de Anticorpos , Líquido Ascítico/imunologia , Líquido Ascítico/microbiologia , Líquido Ascítico/virologia , Colo do Útero/microbiologia , Colo do Útero/virologia , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/imunologia , Infertilidade Feminina/microbiologia , Infertilidade Feminina/virologia , Útero/microbiologia , Útero/virologiaRESUMO
The detection rate of IgM, specific to cytomegalovirus (CMV), in the umbilical blood was 2.0 +/- 1.8% in infants with antenatal complications in their medical history, 8.9 +/- 1.8% in hospitalized infants aged 7 days to 6 months; simultaneously, such IgM proved to be absent in healthy infants of the same age. The maximum primary detection rate of CMV-specific IgM in hospitalized infants was registered at the age of 1.5-4 months and the minimum detection rate, at the age of 6 months, as well as at the age of 1 month and younger. In sick infants aged 0-6 months CMV-specific IgM were detected, as a rule, for 2-4 weeks. 86% of infants with CMV-specific IgM detected in their blood were found to have cytomegaloviremia; in 80% of patients the virus was excreted with saliva and in 50% the virus was detected in blood plasma.
Assuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/virologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Interferons/sangueRESUMO
In experiments on 124 noninbred white rats weighing 180-200 g the influence of the intragastric administration of amino of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in doses of 2.0 and 20 mg/kg daily on the characteristics of their mononuclear phagocyte system was studied. The study revealed a decrease in the number of monocytic precursors in the marrow, an increase in their capacity for colony formation, the inhibited cell function on the periphery of the system simultaneously with the enhancement of oxidizing processes. The metabolic activation of cells was accompanied by their functional insufficiency, which led to the activation of monocytopoiesis and the increased migration of monocytes to peripheral blood.
Assuntos
Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/toxicidade , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Herbicidas/toxicidade , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/administração & dosagem , Aminas/administração & dosagem , Aminas/toxicidade , Animais , Ensaio de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Herbicidas/administração & dosagem , Macrófagos Peritoneais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , RatosRESUMO
65 children with the severe course of bronchial asthma (BA) were examined. The character of respiratory tract microflora, humoral immunity characteristics, mediators, of inflammation and pathomorphological features of the bronchial tree during the severe course of BA in children at the period of remission were studied. The specific features of the colonization of the bronchial tree by microflora in the severe form of BA were established. The severe course of BA in children at the period of remission was characterized by a higher content of tumor necrosis factor and an increase in the lysozyme activity of bronchoalveolar fluid. Disturbances in the proportion of cAMP and cGMP in smooth muscles and an increase in the number of apudocytes containing adrenalin and serotonin may probably be one of the mechanisms of bronchial hyperreactivity.
Assuntos
Asma/imunologia , Asma/microbiologia , Sistema Respiratório/microbiologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Formação de Anticorpos , Asma/patologia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Biópsia , Brônquios/patologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/imunologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Mucosa/patologia , Leveduras/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The results of the study of humoral immunity in 80 burn patients are presented. A typical feature of all burn patients was a decrease in the total activity of the alternative path of the activation of complement and its factors B and D, beginning from the first day after the trauma. The character of changes in the functional activity of components C1-C5 of the classical path depended on the area of damages with their activation if burn area was less than 20% of the skin surface and deactivation if the burn area exceeded 20%.
Assuntos
Complexo Antígeno-Anticorpo/sangue , Queimaduras/imunologia , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/análise , Formação de Anticorpos , Via Alternativa do Complemento/imunologia , Via Clássica do Complemento/imunologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Local immunity was studied in 81 patients (146 eyes) aged 11-49 with keratoconus at different stages of the disease running different course. The concentrations of IgG, IgM, secretory IgA, lysozyme, immune complexes, C3 component of the complement, transferrin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin are increased in tears of patients with keratoconus, reflecting the activation of local immunity in this condition.
Assuntos
Ceratocone/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Complexo Antígeno-Anticorpo , Criança , Complemento C3/análise , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nefelometria e Turbidimetria , Lágrimas/imunologia , Transferrina/análise , alfa 1-Antitripsina/análiseRESUMO
Histotyping of HLA I antigens in 100 patients with keratoconus. Europeoids of the Chelyabinsk district, and of 701 controls (donors listed in the regional register) showed an increased incidence of HLA A28, B12, and B15, a decreased incidence of HLA B8, B13, and complete absence of HLA A11. Estimation of HLA haplotypes in keratoconus showed an increased incidence of haplotypes A1-B5 (relative risk RR = 5.9), A2-B15 (RR = 3.34), A2-B27 (RR = 2.12), and A9-B21 (RR = 4.13) and decreased incidence of A1-B8 (RR = 0.31). The incidence of incomplete phenotypes was 27%. The most incident of incomplete phenotypes was A3-B35. Reliably linked HLA haplotypes A3-B7, A2-B27, A9-B21, and A9-B35 were typical of men with keratoconus, whereas A2-B21 haplotype was characteristic of the female patients.