HOW MUCH VOLUMETRIC AND STRENGTH LOSS OF THE QUADRICEPS FEMORAL MUSCLE IS EXPECTED IN THE POST-OPERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATED LIGAMENT? / QUANTO DE PERDA VOLUMÉTRICA E DE FORÇA DO MÚSCULO QUADRÍCEPS FEMORAL É ESPERADA NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DA RECONSTRUÇÃO DO LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR?

Introduction: When injured and/or reconstructed the anterior cruciate ligament, not only occurs decrease in strength, but also less contraction of the quadriceps, in addition to muscle atrophy. Magnetic resonance imaging and isokinetic dynamometry have offered better evaluation of the pre- and post-surgical periods and can better monitor and predict postoperative rehabilitation. Objectives: To review the role of volume and strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle before and after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament and how these measurements correlate with the predictive variables of pre- and postoperative muscle strength. Method: Integrative review collecting information on virtual platforms. The texts were selected from SciELO, Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus. The descriptors related to the topic were the following: anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; magnetic resonance imaging; quadriceps muscle in Portuguese and English with AND or OR search, considering the title and/or abstract. Results: The entire selected texts were read and 61 articles were included. Conclusion: A loss of volume and strength of the quadriceps muscle was observed after reconstruction. The loss of strength was 4 times greater than the preoperative volume and 2 times greater postoperatively, with improvement 4 months after the operation.

Introdução: Observa-se, quando da lesão e/ou reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior, não somente que há diminuição da força, mas também da qualidade e da contração do quadríceps, além de atrofia muscular. A ressonância magnética e dinamometria isocinética têm oferecido melhor avaliação dos períodos pré e pós-cirúrgicos, podendo melhor monitorizar e prever a reabilitação pós-operatória. Objetivos: Revisar o papel do volume e da força do músculo quadríceps femoral antes e após reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior e como estas medidas se correlacionam com as variáveis preditivas da força muscular pré e pós-operatória. Método: Revisão integrativa colhendo informações em plataformas virtuais. Os textos foram selecionados do SciELO, Google Scholar, Pubmed e Scopus. Os descritores relacionados ao tema foram os seguintes: reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior; ressonância magnética; músculo quadríceps em português e inglês com busca AND ou OR, considerando o título e/ou resumo. Resultados: Foi realizada a leitura da íntegra dos textos selecionados e incluídos 61 artigos. Conclusão: Observou-se perda de volume e força do músculo quadríceps após a reconstrução. A perda da força muscular foi 4 vezes maior que a do volume pré- operatório e 2 vezes maior no pós-operatório com melhora após 4 meses da operação.

Prospective Evaluation of Injuries occurred during the Brazilian Soccer Championship in 2016.

Objective To identify the incidence, the prevalence, the characteristics, and the possible risk factors for injuries occurring during the matches of the Brazilian Soccer Championship. Methods A prospective study was carried out to collect data on the injuries that occurred during the 2016 Brazilian Soccer Championship. Lesions were recorded by the physician responsible for each team through an online software. Results Among the 864 athletes included in the study, 231 (26.7%) of the players presented some injury during the tournament. In total, 312 injuries were recorded during the Brazilian Soccer Championship, with an average of 0.82 injuries per game. The incidence of injuries was 24.9 injuries per 1,000 match hours. Midfielders and forwards presented, respectively, an injury risk 3.6 and 2.4 times higher than goalkeepers. Conclusion The prevalence and incidence of lesions were, respectively, 26.7% and 24.9 injuries per 1,000 match hours. The most frequently affected body segment was the lower limbs (76.3%), and the athletes acting in midfield and forward positions were the most affected. Moreover, the greater prevalence of injuries occurred in the first part of the championship.

Prospective Evaluation of Injuries occurred during the Brazilian Soccer Championship in 2016 / Avaliação prospectiva das lesões esportivas ocorridas durante as partidas do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol em 2016

Abstract Objective To identify the incidence, the prevalence, the characteristics, and the possible risk factors for injuries occurring during the matches of the Brazilian Soccer Championship. Methods A prospective study was carried out to collect data on the injuries that occurred during the 2016 Brazilian Soccer Championship. Lesions were recorded by the physician responsible for each team through an online software. Results Among the 864 athletes included in the study, 231 (26.7%) of the players presented some injury during the tournament. In total, 312 injuries were recorded during the Brazilian Soccer Championship, with an average of 0.82injuries pergame. Theincidence of injuries was 24.9 injuries per 1,000 match hours. Midfielders and forwards presented, respectively, an injury risk 3.6 and 2.4 times higher than goalkeepers. Conclusion The prevalence and incidence of lesions were, respectively, 26.7% and 24.9 injuries per 1,000 match hours. The most frequently affected body segment was the lower limbs (76.3%), and the athletes acting in midfield and forward positions were themost affected. Moreover, the greater prevalence of injuries occurred in the first part of the championship.

Resumo Objetivo Determinar a prevalência, as características e possíveis fatores de risco para as lesões ocorridas durante as partidas do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol. Métodos Realizou-se um estudo prospectivo com coleta dos dados referentes às lesões ocorridas durante o Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol de 2016. O registro das lesões foi realizado pelo médico responsável de cada equipe, por meio de um sistema online de mapeamento de lesões. Resultados Dentre os 864 atletas que foram incluídos no estudo, 231 (26,7%) dos jogadores apresentaram alguma lesão durante o torneio. No total, foram registradas 312 lesões durante o Campeonato Brasileiro, com média de 0,82 lesões por partida. A incidência de lesões foi de 24,9 lesões para cada 1.000 horas de jogo. Meias e atacantes apresentaram, respectivamente, risco 3,6 e 2,4 vezes maior de sofrer lesão do que os goleiros. Conclusão A prevalência e a incidência de lesões foram, respectivamente, 26,7% e 24,9 lesões/1.000 horas de partida. O segmento corporal mais frequentemente afetado foram os membros inferiores (76,3%),sendo que os atletas que atuaram nas posições meia e atacante foram os mais acometidos. Observou-se também maior predomínio de lesões no primeiro turno do campeonato.

Epidemiological study on professional football injuries during the 2011 Copa America, Argentina / Estudo epidemiológico das lesões no futebol profissional durante a Copa América de 2011, Argentina

OBJECTIVE: Develop an epidemiological study of injuries occurred among male professional football players during the Copa America 2011, held in Argentina. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of injuries sustained during the 43rd edition of the Copa America football in Argentina, in 2011. The lesions were evaluated by the medical department of the selections and reported to the CONMEBOL. The data were compiled and reported in accordance with rules established by the FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC) in 2005. RESULTS: There was a higher prevalence of lesions in the lower limbs. Thighs and knees were the most affected segments. The most frequent diagnoses were muscle injuries. The injuries were mostly minor degrees of severity and there was little difference in the prevalence of lesions according to the stages of the match, with slight predominance in the final 15 minutes. The incidence of lesions per 1,000 game hours was similar to the average found in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained allowed us to outline a profile of the prevalence, distribution per body segment, minute in which occurred and severity of injuries in professional football players of participating teams in the Copa America 2011 in Argentina. The extreme rigor of referees may be partly attributed to the highly competitive nature of international tournaments. However, this results cannot be considered definitive because of the need to be compared to other epidemiological studies with same design using similar concepts and criteria. .

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver estudo epidemiológico sobre as lesões ocorridas entre os jogadores profissionais de futebol masculino durante a Copa América de 2011, na Argentina. MÉTODOS: Fez-se estudo retrospectivo das lesões ocorridas durante a 43ª edição da Copa América de Futebol na Argentina, em 2011. As lesões foram avaliadas pelo departamento médico das seleções e reportadas à Conmebol. Os dados foram compilados e descritos de acordo com as normas estabelecidas pelo Centro de Pesquisas e Avaliações Médicas (F-Marc) da Fédération Internationale de Football Association (Fifa) em 2005. RESULTADOS: Ocorreu maior prevalência de lesões nos membros inferiores, sendo coxas e joelhos os segmentos mais acometidos. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram lesões musculares. As lesões apresentaram em sua maior parte grau leve de severidade e ocorreu pequena diferença na prevalência de lesões de acordo com as etapas da partida, havendo discreto predomínio nos 15 minutos finais. A incidência de lesões por 1.000 horas de jogo foi similar à média encontrada na literatura. CONCLUSÕES: A análise dos resultados obtidos permitiu traçar um perfil da prevalência, distribuição por segmento corporal, minuto em que ocorreram e severidade das lesões dos jogadores de futebol profissional das seleções participantes da Copa América de 2011 na Argentina. O maior rigor dos árbitros pode ser em parte atribuído à grande competitividade de torneios internacionais. Entretanto, esses resultados não podem ser considerados definitivos em virtude da necessidade de ser comparados a outros estudos epidemiológicos de mesmo espectro que usem conceitos e critérios semelhantes. .

Epidemiological Study on Professional Football Injuries During the 2011 Copa America, Argentina.

OBJECTIVE: Develop an epidemiological study of injuries occurred among male professional football players during the Copa America 2011, held in Argentina. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of injuries sustained during the 43rd edition of the Copa America football in Argentina, in 2011. The lesions were evaluated by the medical department of the selections and reported to the CONMEBOL. The data were compiled and reported in accordance with rules established by the FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC) in 2005. RESULTS: There was a higher prevalence of lesions in the lower limbs. Thighs and knees were the most affected segments. The most frequent diagnoses were muscle injuries. The injuries were mostly minor degrees of severity and there was little difference in the prevalence of lesions according to the stages of the match, with slight predominance in the final 15 minutes. The incidence of lesions per 1,000 game hours was similar to the average found in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained allowed us to outline a profile of the prevalence, distribution per body segment, minute in which occurred and severity of injuries in professional football players of participating teams in the Copa America 2011 in Argentina. The extreme rigor of referees may be partly attributed to the highly competitive nature of international tournaments. However, this results cannot be considered definitive because of the need to be compared to other epidemiological studies with same design using similar concepts and criteria.

MUSCLE INJURIES IN ATHLETES.

This article had the aim of demonstrating the physiology, diagnosis and treatment of muscle injuries, focusing on athletes and their demands and expectations. Muscle injuries are among the most common complaints in orthopedic practice, occurring both among athletes and among non-athletes. These injuries present a challenge for specialists, due to the slow recovery, during which time athletes are unable to take part in training and competitions, and due to frequent sequelae and recurrences of the injuries. Most muscle injuries (between 10% and 55% of all injuries) occur during sports activities. The muscles most commonly affected are the ischiotibial, quadriceps and gastrocnemius. These muscles go across two joints and are more subject to acceleration and deceleration forces. The treatment for muscle injuries varies from conservative treatment to surgery. New procedures are being used, like the hyperbaric chamber and the use of growth factors. However, there is still a high rate of injury recurrence. Muscle injury continues to be a topic of much controversy. New treatments are being researched and developed, but prevention through muscle strengthening, stretching exercises and muscle balance continues to be the best "treatment".

Lesão muscular nos atletas / Muscle injuries in athletes

Este artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar a fisiologia, o diagnóstico e o tratamento das lesões musculares com foque nos atletas, suas demandas e expectativas. As lesões musculares estão entre as queixas mais comuns no atendimento ortopédico, ocorrendo tanto em atletas como em não atletas. Estas lesões caracterizam um desafio para os especialistas, haja vista a lenta recuperação que afasta o atleta dos treinamentos e competições, as frequentes sequelas e a recorrência das lesões. A maior parte das lesões musculares ocorre durante atividade desportiva, correspondendo de 10 a 55 por cento de todas as lesões. Os músculos mais comumente afetados são os isquiotibiais, quadríceps e gastrocnêmios. Músculos estes biarticulares que estão mais sujeitos a forças de aceleração e desaceleração. O tratamento da lesão muscular varia desde o tratamento conservador até o tratamento cirúrgico. Novos procedimentos estão sendo utilizados, como a câmara hiperbárica e o uso de fatores de crescimento. No entanto, ainda é grande o número de recidivas de lesões. A lesão muscular continua sendo um tema com várias controvérsias. Novos tratamentos estão sendo pesquisados e desenvolvidos. A prevenção com fortalecimento muscular, o alongamento e o equilíbrio muscular continuam sendo o melhor "tratamento".

This article had the aim of demonstrating the physiology, diagnosis and treatment of muscle injuries, focusing on athletes and their demands and expectations. Muscle injuries are among the most common complaints in orthopedic practice, occurring both among athletes and among non-athletes. These injuries present a challenge for specialists, due to the slow recovery, during which time athletes are unable to take part in training and competitions, and due to frequent sequelae and recurrences of the injuries. Most muscle injuries (between 10 percent and 55 percent of all injuries) occur during sports activities. The muscles most commonly affected are the ischiotibial, quadriceps and gastrocnemius. These muscles go across two joints and are more subject to acceleration and deceleration forces. The treatment for muscle injuries varies from conservative treatment to surgery. New procedures are being used, like the hyperbaric chamber and the use of growth factors. However, there is still a high rate of injury recurrence. Muscle injury continues to be a topic of much controversy. New treatments are being researched and developed, but prevention through muscle strengthening, stretching exercises and muscle balance continues to be the best "treatment".

Expressão citofotométrica do fator de proliferação celular ki-67 no bócio colóide e no carcinoma papilífero da tireóide / Citophotometric expression of the factor of cellular proliferation ki-67 in the goiter colloid and in the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

Objetivo: Comparar a expressão citofotométrica quantitativa do fator de proliferação celular Ki-67 no bócio colóide com o do carcinoma papilífero da tireóide. Métodos: Foram estudadas a expressão da proteína Ki-67, em 12 casos de bócio colóide da tireóide e 20 casos de carcinoma papilífero da tireóide. Os núcleos celulares imunomarcados foram quantificados através do software SAMBA 4000 ® e do software IMMUNO®, analisando o índice de marcagem e densidade óptica. Foi estimado o coeficiente de correlação de Spearmane e o teste não- paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Foi rejeitada a hipótese nulapara o índice de marcagem. confirmando que existe diferença significativa entre o bócio colóide e o carcinoma papilífero da tireóide, quanto ao índice de marcagem do Ki-67, que são maiores nos carcinomas papilíferos da tireóide. Não foi encontrada diferença quanto à densidade óptica. Quanto ao bócio colóide, o coeficiente de correlação estimado entre o índice de marcagem e adensidade óptica do Ki-67 foi igual a 0,78. No bócio colóide, houve associação positiva e significativa entre o índice de marcagem e a densidade ótica do Ki-67. Para o carcinoma papilífero da tireóide o coeficiente de correlação estimado entre o índice de marcagem e a densidade ótica do Ki-67 foi igual a 0,18. Não houve no carcinoma papilífero de tireóide, associação entre o índice de marcageme a densidade ótica do Ki-67. Conclusão: A expressão citofotométrica do Ki67 no bócio colóide teve índice médio de marcação de 13,92% e densidade óptica média de 36,43; a expressão citofotométrica do Ki-67 no carcinoma papilífero teve índice médio de marcação de 38,29% e densidade óptica média de 48,07%; há maior proliferação celular no carcinoma papilífero em comparação com o bócio colóide na expressão do Ki-67.

Objective: To compare the cytophotometric quantitative expression of Ki-67 cellular proliferation factor in the colloid goiter with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Methods: The protein Ki-67 was studied with immunohistochemistry in 20 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and 12 cases of colloid goiter. The immunomarked cell nuclei were quantified through the software SAMBA4000 ® and analyzed by software IMMUNO ®, considering variables index marker and optical density. The coefficient of the Spearman rank correlation and the non-parametric test of Mann-Whitney wre estimated. Results: There is significant difference between the goiter colloid and the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in Ki-67 measurements, being bigger in papillary carcinomas. No difference wasfound in optical density. The correlation coefficient between the index marker and the optic density was 0,78. In colloid goiter, there was positive and significant association between the index marker and the optic density. For the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid thecorrelation between index marker and optic density was 0,18 (p = 0,572). There was no association between the index marker and the optic density in the carcinoma papillary of the thyroid. Conclusion: The cytophotometric expression of the Ki-67 showed higher cellular proliferation in the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in comparison with in the colloid goiter.

[Citophotometric expression of the factor of cellular proliferation ki-67 in the goiter colloid and in the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid]. / Expressão citofotométrica do fator de proliferação celular ki-67 no bócio colóide e no carcinoma papilífero da tireóide.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the cytophotometric quantitative expression of Ki-67 cellular proliferation factor in the colloid goiter with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. METHODS: The protein Ki-67 was studied with immunohistochemistry in 20 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and 12 cases of colloid goiter. The immunomarked cell nuclei were quantified through the software SAMBA 4000 and analyzed by software IMMUNO, considering variables index marker and optical density. The coefficient of the Spearman rank correlation and the non-parametric test of Mann-Whitney were estimated. RESULTS: There is significant difference between the goiter colloid and the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in Ki-67 measurements, being bigger in papillary carcinomas. No difference was found in optical density. The correlation coefficient between the index marker and the optic density was 0,78. In colloid goiter, there was positive and significant association between the index marker and the optic density. For the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid the correlation between index marker and optic density was 0,18 (p = 0,572). There was no association between the index marker and the optic density in the carcinoma papillary of the thyroid. CONCLUSION: The cytophotometric expression of the Ki-67 showed higher cellular proliferation in the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in comparison with in the colloid goiter.

Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com hérnia incisional / Epidemiological profile of patients with incisional hernias

RACIONAL: A hérnia incisional é uma das doenças mais freqüentes ligadas diretamente ao ato cirúrgico. Os principais fatores de risco do seu desenvolvimento estão relacionados ao paciente e pós-operatório, dificultando sua prevenção. Seu tratamento é difícil e as recidivas são comuns, com impacto socioeconômico substancial. OBJETIVO: Delinear epidemiologicamente os pacientes com hérnia incisional. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 46 prontuários de pacientes que foram submetidos à operações de correção de eventração no HUEC entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2006. RESULTADOS: Mostrou existir 45 pacientes de etnia leucodérmica, com idade média de 51,6 anos. Trinta e um apresentavam pelo menos uma co-morbidade associada, não havendo diferenças relevantes quanto ao sexo. Dentre elas sobressaíram-se obesidade, cardiopatia, neoplasia e diabetes, representando respectivamente 14,10, 9 e 7 pacientes. Foram diversas as causas que levaram ao procedimento cirúrgico, sendo 31 destas por afecções em trato gastrintestinal. A incisão mais herniogênica foi a mediana supra e infra-umbilical, em 16 pacientes. Infecção ocorreu no pós-operatório de 17 pacientes, sendo a intercorrência mais encontrada. As eventrações eram em sua maioria primárias, em 29 pacientes, sendo 19 destas localizadas em hipogástrio. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil de pacientes com evisceração é marcado por fatores como idade acima de 40 anos, co-morbidades existentes, infecção pós-operatória, operações em aparelho gastrintestinal e incisões em linha mediana, particularmente infra-umbilical.

BACKGROUND: Incisional hernias are one of the most frequent illnesses, which are directly linked to surgery. The main risk factors of its development are related to the patient per-say and to post-surgery, making its prevention a difficult task. Its treatment is difficult and recidives are common, having substantial social-economic impacts. AIM: To outline the epidemiology of incisional hernia patients. METHODS: The sample consisted of 46 patient records, of whom where submitted to correctional eventration surgeries at HUEC between the months of January 2005 to December 2006. RESULTS: Forty-five Caucasian patients, with an average age of 52,6 years, out of which thirty-one had at least one co-morbid condition associated with the present illness, without any relevant differences pertaining gender. Among the most frequent conditions was obesity, cardiopathy, neoplasia and diabetes, representing 14, 10, 9 and 7 patients respectively. Causes which lead to surgery varied, being thirty-one due to gastro-intestinal tract conditions. The most herniogenic incisions were the upper median and infraumbilical, in sixteen patients. Infection occurred post-surgery in seventeen patients, being intercurrence the most frequent. Eventrations were in most part primary ones, in twenty-nine patients, of which nineteen were located in the hypogastrium. CONCLUSION: The profile of patients with evisceration is marked by factors such as age above 40, the existence of co-morbid conditions, post-operative infection, gastrointestinal tract surgeries as well as median line and particularly infra-umbilical incisions.

[Evaluation of the aroreira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) in the healing process of surgical incision in the bladder of rats]. / Avaliação da ação da Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em bexiga de ratos.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the hydroalcoholic aroeira extract in the healing process of surgical incisions in the bladder of rats in an experimental comparative study. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used. All of them underwent a median abdominal incision, with an 1cm cystotomy, followed by one plain suture with separated stitches of poliglactine 910 5-0. The animals were then divided into two groups of 20 rats each, and named the aroeira group (GA) and the control group (GC). In the first one, 80% hydro-alcoholic plant extract was injected in the peritoneal cavity, in a one dose of 100mg/kg. The second group, a 0.9% saline solution was injected in place of aroeira extract. Each group was divided into two subgroups (SGA and SGC) of 10 animals. According to their scheduled death, they were named subgroups SGA3 and SGC3 when killed in the 3th day after surgery and subgroups SGA7 and SGC7 in the 7th day. The abdominal cavity and the bladder suture were macroscopically evaluated. RESULTS: The microscopic analysis of the surgical incision in the bladder was performed by means of the hematoxilin-eosine stain and the trichrome of Masson. The macroscopic analysis showed an infection in the surgical incision in three rats of the SGC group and in one of the SGA, and peritoneal adhesion in the 26 rats belonging nine to SGC and 17 in the SGA. The microscopic evaluation revealed a more severe acute inflammation process in the SGC on the 3th (p=0.045) and in the 7th (0=0.002) days. In the SGA, a more significant collagenization (p=0.001) could be seen, as far as the evidence of vascular neoformation (p=0.002) on the 3rd day. Chronic inflammatory reaction (p=0.006) and a more intense vascular neoformation (p=0.001) were observed in the 7th day. CONCLUSION: The hydroalcoholic aroeira extract had a favorable effect in the healing process of cystotomies done in rats.

Avaliação da ação da Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em bexiga de ratos / Evaluation of the aroreira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) in the healing process of surgical incision in the bladder of rats

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ação cicatrizante do extrato hidroalcoólico da aroeira em bexigas de ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 40 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos de 20, denominados grupo aroeira (GA) e grupo controle (GC). Todos foram submetidos à incisão abdominal mediana com cistotomia de 1 cm, seguida de cistorrafia em plano único com pontos separados de poliglactina 910 5-0 (Vicryl®). Após este procedimento, nos animais GA injetou-se 100mg por quilo de peso de extrato hidroalcoólico da aroeira na cavidade peritoneal e nos GC injetou-se 1 ml por quilo de peso de solução salina a 0,9 por cento . Cada grupo foi dividido em dois sub-grupos de 10 animais de acordo com a data da morte: sub-grupo A3 e C3, sacrificados no 3° dia pós-operatório e sub-grupo A7 e C7, sacrificados no 7° dia. A parede, a cavidade abdominal e a sutura da bexiga foram avaliadas macroscopicamente. Amostras de tecido da bexiga foram retiradas e analisadas histologicamente, utilizando a coloração de Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE) e tricrômio de Masson. RESULTADOS: Na análise macroscópica observou-se infecção na incisão cirúrgica em três ratos do GC e em um do GA, e aderências peritoneais em 29 ratos do GC controle e 17 no GA. A avaliação microscópica mostrou processo inflamatório agudo mais severo no 3° (p=0,045) e no 7° dia (p=0,002). Evidenciou-se ainda diferença estatística nos parâmetros utilizados para a avaliação histológica da cicatrização da bexiga nas variáveis colagenização (p = 0.001), reepitelização (p = 0,046) e neoformação (p = 0) nos subgrupos GC e GA no 3° dia e na variável neoformação vascular (p=0,001) no subgrupo do 7° dia. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de extrato hidroalcoólico de aroeira mostrou efeito cicatrizante favorável nas cistotomias em ratos.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the hydroalcoholic aroeira extract in the healing process of surgical incisions in the bladder of rats in an experimental comparative study. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used. All of them underwent a median abdominal incision, with an 1cm cistotomy, followed by one plan suture with separated stitches of poliglactine 910 5-0. The animals were then divided into two groups of 20 rats each, and named the aroeira group (GA) and the control group (GC). In the first one, 80 percent hydro-alcoholic plant extract was injected in the peritoneal cavity, in a one dose of 100mg/kg. The second group, a 0.9 percent saline solution was injected in place of aroeira extract. Each group was divided into two subgroups (SGA and SGC) of 10 animals. According to their scheduled death, they were named subgroups SGA3 and SGC3 when killed in the 3th day after surgery and subgroups SGA7 and SGC7 in the 7th day. The abdominal cavity and the bladder suture were macroscopically evaluated. RESULTS: The microscopic analysis of the surgical incision in the bladder was performed by means of the hematoxilin-eosine stain and the trichrome of Masson. The macroscopic analysis showed an infection in the surgical incision in three rats of the SGC group and in one of the SGA, and peritoneal adhesion in the 26 rats belonging nine to SGC and 17 in the SGA. The microscopic evaluation revealed a more severe acute inflammation process in the SGC on the 3th (p=0.045) and in the 7th (0=0.002) days. In the SGA, a more significant colagenization (p=0.001) could be seen, as far as the evidence of vascular neoformation (p=0.002) on the 3th day. Chronic inflammatory reaction (p=0.006) and a more intense vascular neoformation (p=0.001) were observed in the 7th day. CONCLUSION: The hydroalcoholic aroeira extract have a favorable effect in the healing process of cystotomies done in rats.

Posicionamento oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e da Sociedade Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia: atividade física e saúde no idoso / Official thread of the Brazilian Society of Medicine of the Sport and the Brazilian Society of Geriatria and Gerontologia: physical activity and health in the aged one

Esta publicaçäo apresenta o posicionamento oficial e conjunto da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e da Sociedade Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia sobre atividade física e saúde em indivíduos idosos. O propósito...

Correlação diagnóstica da ressonância magnética com artroscopia nas lesões intra-articulares do joelho / Diagnostic correlation between MRI and arthroscopy in tears of the knee joint

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia da ressonância magnética no diagnóstico das lesões intra-articulares do joelho, os autores analisaram retrospectivamente os prontuários de 312 pacientes que, após o exame, foram submetidos a artroscopia. Os resultados obtidos em relação à sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia foram, respectivamente: 89 por cento, 72 por cento e 81 por cento para menisco interno; 64 por cento, 88 por cento e 76 por cento para menisco externo e 90 por cento, 93 por cento e 92 por cento para ligamento cruzado anterior. Concluíram que a RM é um exame adequado no diagnóstico das lesões meniscais e ligamentares do joelho, e o exame de escolha nos casos em que o exame clínico é inconclusivo.