RESUMO
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Qianggu Tongbi capsule on osteoarthritis factors in rats.Methods Osteoarthritis(OA)rat model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection method.Rats were ran-domly divided into model group,Qianggu Tongbi capsule group and glucosamine group.HE staining was used to identify the model.Toluidine blue staining was used to observe the changes of cartilage.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was applied to detect the expression of Toll-like receptors(TLR4)and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)in each group.The levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-6 were measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kit.The levels of TLR4 and p-NF-κB were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results HE staining showed that,compared with the control group,a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and synovial tissue thickening were observed in the model group,while the inflammatory cell infiltration and synovial tissue thickening were not obvious in the Qianggu Tongbi capsule and glu-cosamine groups.Toluidine blue staining results showed that chondroitin sulfate in the cartilage tissue of the model group was significantly reduced compared with the control group,while levels of chondroitin sulfate in the Qianggu Tongbi capsule group and glucosamine group were significantly increased.Compared with control group,the expression and immunohistochemical re-sults of TLR4 and NF-κB,and the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6 in model group were significantly increased(all P＜0.05).Compared with model group,the expression and immunohistochemical results of TLR4 and NF-KB,and the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6 in Qianggu Tongbi capsule group and glucosamine group were significantly decreased(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Qianggu Tongbi capsule can inhibit expression of TLR4 and NF-κB by reducing the production of inflammatory factors to a-chieve the effect of treatmenting osteoarthritis.
RESUMO
Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is the ectopic lymphoid tissue around the chronic inflammatory site of tumor, infection diseases, autoimmunity diseases, organ transplantation and so on. TLS is regarded as the vital niche of antitumor immune response in tumor microenvironment for abundant immune cells, and is correlated with better clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in most solid tumors. As a typical inflammation-driven cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is controversial with the influence of TLS on patients prognosis. In this paper, the composition, formation mechanism, recognition and clinical value of TLS in HCC were briefly reviewed.