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Aim This cross-sectional study of a group of women with abnormal cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection compared genotyping HPV DNA and mRNA assays according to two age categories of women (S1: ≤30 and S2: >30 years). Methods The hrHPV DNA positive results of 105 cervical samples of women were pooled and those harbouring HPV-16, 18, 31, 33 and/or 45 DNA were tested for the type specific HPV oncogene E6/E7 overexpression (mRNA). Results Although HPV DNA testing showed a higher proportion of women infected by any of five hrHPVs in S1 group, total agreement of hrHPV DNA and mRNA positive results was higher in S2 group of women (75.8% v. 83.9%). The most prevalent type in both age groups was HPV-16. A 100% agreement of positivity of both tests was noted for HPV-18 and 33 in S1 group, and for HPV-18 in S2 group. Increasing concordance of HPV-16 and 31 DNA and mRNA positive results with the severity of cervical cytology was observed in S1 group of women. Absolute matching (100.0%) of positivity of both diagnostic tests was recorded in S2ASCUS group (for HPV-16, 18 and 33), in S1HSIL (for HPV-16, 18, 31 and 33), in S1LSIL category (for HPV-18 and 33) and in S2HSIL group (for HPV-18). Conclusion The results indicate the possibility of predicting the risk of persistent infection only by HPV DNA typing test, with no need for additional RNA testing in categories of infected women showing a high (absolute) agreement of positivity of both tests.
RESUMO
GOAL: The goal of this study was the determination of the effects in treatment of early stage (
RESUMO
This study compares the type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test with E6/E7 mRNA detection assay because of their importance in cervical cancer screening programs. A total of 105 women with positive high-risk Hybrid Capture 2 or Abbott RealTime High Risk HPV screening test and an abnormal cervical Pap smear were enrolled in the study. HPV typing was performed by multiplex real-time PCR (HPV High Risk Typing Real-TM test). HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 E6/E7 mRNAs were determined by type-specific real-time NASBA assay (NucliSENS EasyQ HPV v1.1). Infections caused by HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 types increased with severity of cervical cytology (p=0.008). Global positivity of five HPV E6/E7 mRNAs was lower than DNA positivity within women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (p=0.016; p=0.008). High agreement of the tests was found in the groups of women with low-grade (p=1.000; p=0.063) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (p=0.250; p=0.125). Type-specific agreement of both diagnostic approaches was high regardless of cytology. Based on the found differences between HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 E6/E7 mRNA and DNA positivity, further study is needed to test the role of mRNA testing in the triage of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in Pap smear.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , RNA Mensageiro/isolamento & purificação , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , DNA Viral/genética , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/genética , Papillomaviridae/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Virologia/métodosRESUMO
Introduction: Many organizations rally to areas to provide assistance to a population during a disaster. Little is known about the ability of the materials and services provided to meet the actual needs and demands of the affected population. This study sought to identify the perceptions of representatives of the international organizations providing this aid, the international workers involved with the delivery of this aid, the workers who were employed locally by the international organizations, the recipients, and the local authorities. This study sought to identify the perceptions of these personnel relative to the adequacies of the supplies in meeting the needs and demands of the population during and following the war in Bosnia - Herzegovina. Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with representatives of international organizations and workers providing aid and with locally employed workers, recipients of the assistance, and the authorities of the areas involved. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assist in the analysis of the data. Results: Eighty-eigth interviews were conducted. A total of 246 organizations were identified as providing assistance within the area, and 54
were involved with health-related activities including: 1)the provision of medications; 2)public health measures; and 3)medical equipment or parts for the same. Internationals believed that a higher proportion of the needs were being met by the assistance(73.4ñ16.4
) than did the nationals(52.1ñ23.3
;p <0.001). All groups believed that approximately 50
of the demands of the affected population were being addressed. Howewer, 87
of the international interviewes believed that the affected population was requesting more than it actually needed. While 27
of the international participants believed that >25
of what was provided was unusable, 80
of the recipients felt that >25
of the provisions were not usable.Whereas two-thirds of the international participants believed that >25
of the demands for assistance by the affected community could not be justified, only 20
of the recipients and authorities believed >25
of the demands were unjustified. Conclusions: Many organizations are involved in the provision of medical assistance during a disaster. However, international organizations and workers believe their efforts are more effective than do the recipients(AU)