RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) poses a significant challenge to clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories. N,N-dimethylpentylone, a novel synthetic cathinone, has emerged as a public health concern. The aims of this study are to describe the clinical presentation of N,N-dimethylpentylone poisoning, to describe detection methods, and to deduce its metabolic pathways. METHODS: Clinical data was collected and reviewed retrospectively from patients with confirmed N,N-dimethylpentylone exposure. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify N,N-dimethylpentylone and its metabolites in urine samples. The metabolic pathway was characterised by comparison of the detected substances with reference standards. RESULTS: Eight cases were included in the case series. Seven different metabolites of N,N-dimethylpentylone were identified in in vivo patient urine samples, where the two major metabolic pathways were proposed to be opening of the 5-membered ring and reduction of carboxide. All patients presented with neuropsychiatric and/or cardiovascular symptoms. Co-ingestion with other substances was reported in all cases. One patient requiring intensive care was described in detail. All patients eventually recovered. The analytical method allowed the simultaneous identification of N,N-dimethylpentylone, pentylone and bisdesmethyl-N,N-dimethylpentylone, as well as other drugs of abuse in patient samples. CONCLUSION: N,N-dimethylpentylone appears to be less potent than its metabolite pentylone. Co-ingestion with other drugs of abuse is common. Poisoning cases have neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular manifestations. An updated and comprehensive laboratory method is needed for its detection.
Assuntos
Psicotrópicos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Cromatografia Líquida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psicotrópicos/intoxicação , Psicotrópicos/urina , Toxicologia Forense , Adulto Jovem , Alcaloides/urina , Alcaloides/intoxicação , Alcaloides/análise , Drogas Desenhadas/análise , Drogas Desenhadas/intoxicação , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/diagnósticoRESUMO
AIM: To study the anthraquinone constituents of the stem of Cassia siamea. METHODS: The compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel, MHPLC, and identified on the basis of spectral analysis including IR, EI-MS, FAB-MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and DEPT. RESULTS: Three compounds were isolated and identified as: chrysophanol (I), chrysophanol-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II) and 1-[(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-0-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) oxy]-8-hydroxyl-3-methy-9,10-anthraquinone (III). CONCLUSION: III is a new compound, II was obtained from this plant for the first time.