Evaluation of WALA ridge in different facial patterns: A cone-beam computed tomography study.

INTRODUCTION: This retrospective study evaluated the buccal bone thickness in mandibular canine, premolar, and molar areas, using as a reference the WALA ridge in patients with various facial patterns. METHODS: The sample comprised 51 cone-beam computerized tomography scans of subjects divided into 3 groups according to the facial pattern, determined by the Ricketts' VERT index, brachyfacial (group 1), mesofacial (group 2), and dolichofacial (group 3). A quantitative analysis of the buccal bone thickness was made in cone-beam computerized tomography scans in the region of the mandibular dental arch corresponding to the WALA ridge. The intergroup comparison of buccal bone thickness was performed with a 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests. RESULTS: Buccal bone thickness was similar among the groups, and it increased progressively from the mandibular first to the second molars. In the canine and premolar regions, the thickness was less and often not visible on tomography. There was no difference in the buccal bone thickness in the mandibular dental arch region corresponding to the WALA ridge reference among facial patterns, except for the mesial roots of the second molars, which were thicker in brachyfacial subjects than in dolichofacial subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the WALA ridge as a clinical reference for individualized orthodontic arch diagramming should be made with caution and independent of the facial pattern.

Effectiveness of the Distance Learning Strategy Applied to Orthodontics Education: A Systematic Literature Review.

Introduction: Tele-education refers to the use of interactive distance learning technologies. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of tele-education in the field of orthodontics.Methods: This systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO and followed PRISMA guidelines. Two independent researchers reviewed the literature available in the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Bireme, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, TRIP, SCIELO, LILAS, SCIENCEDIRECT, and Google Scholar using the following descriptors: "Education, Distance" OR "e-learning" AND "Orthodontics," including only interventional studies. The descriptive synthesis was conducted according to the Center for Reviews and Dissemination. The analysis of the biases was conducted using the MINORS protocol, and the analysis of the interventions using Kirkpatrick's method was evaluated.Results: Of the 15 remaining articles for complete reading, 4 were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria, leaving 11 articles for evaluation in the systematic review. Eight articles emphasized the evaluation of the distance education materials available, achieving a high percentage of acceptability among students, two cited only satisfaction, and one article evaluated the practical performance of the students.Conclusion: The results showed that orthodontic distance learning is an effective but complementary element, with no significant differences, to the traditional method of teaching.

Avaliação in vitro da força de atrito em bráquetes metálicos de aço inoxidável / In vitro stainless steel metal brackets frictional force assessment

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a força de atrito de três diferentes marcas de bráquetes convencionais (prescrição Roth) com fio de aço inoxidável 0.019" x 0.025". Num total de 60 bráquetes metálicos de segundos pré-molares superiores com prescrição Roth, sendo 20 bráquetes do modelo Standart (Morelli, São Paulo, Brasil), 20 bráquetes do modelo Agile (Abzil, São Paulo, Brasil) e 20 bráquetes do modelo Synergy (Rock Mountain Orthodontics, Colorado, EUA), slot 0.022" x 0.028", foram colados em um cilindro metálico e posteriormente tracionado por uma máquina Universal Instron DL 100KN para tração (EMIC, Paraná, Brasil), com velocidade de 10 mm/min a uma distância de 10 mm. A análise estatística empregou o teste de Kruskal-Wallis com nível de significância de 5%. Os bráquetes da marca Abzil demostraram o maior valor médio de força de atrito (1,5N) em relação aos bráquetes das outras marcas testadas. Os bráquetes da marca Morelli demostraram um valor intermediário, significativamente diferente, em relação às demais marcas (1,15N), e os bráquetes da marca Rock Mountain Orthodontics, o menor valor médio (0,90N). Os bráquetes da marca Rock Mountain Orthodontics apresentaram o menor valor de força de atrito em relação às outras duas marcas testadas, e os bráquetes da marca Abzil o maior valor. Contudo, não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as marcas Morelli e Rock Mountain Orthodontics, no que se refere à força de atrito.(AU)

The objective of this study was to compare frictional force of three different brands of standard brackets with 0.019" x 0.025" stainless steel wire (Roth prescription). A total of 60 conventional upper premolar standard brackets with Roth prescription, 20 Standard brackets (Morelli, São Paulo, Brasil), 20 Agile brackets (Abzil, São Paulo, Brasil), and 20 Synergy brackets (Rock Mountain Orthodontics, Colorado, USA), slot 0.022" x 0.028" were bonded to a metallic cylinder and sequentially tractioned tested for frictional resistance by a Universal Instron DL 100KN machine (EMIC, Paraná, Brasil) for traction, with 10 mm/min speed and 10 mm distance. Statistical analysis employed Kruskal-Wallis test with 5% level of confidence. Abzil brackets demonstrated the highest average frictional force (1,5N) when related to other brands tested. Morelli brackets demonstrated an intermediate value, significantly different (1,5N) in relation to other brands. Rock Mountain Orthodontic brackets demonstrated the smallest mean value (0,90N). Rock Mountain Orthodontics brackets presented the smallest frictional force when compared to the two other brands tested in the study, and Abzil brackets presented the highest value. However, there was no statistical difference between Morelli and Rock Mountain Orthodontics regarding to frictional force.(AU)