[Experimental study of dental implants with nanostructured non-resorbable coating integration into bone tissue].

In 2 dogs on both sides of mandible premolars were removed. In 3 months after dental alveolus healing intraosseous screwdriver dental implants (Konmet, Russia) were installed in the place of the removed teeth. Analogous operation was done on the contralateral side: the same type of implants were installed but with new nanostructured multifunctional biocompatible non-resorbable coating (MBNC) of the Ti-Ca-P-C-O-N composition. The animals were taken out of the experiment in 4 months after implants installation and implant-bone blocks were studied by SEM-method. According to the SEM-data in the region of the contact of implant-bone without new MBNC only fibrous connective tissue was formed. In case when MBNC was used the close welding of bone tissue with implant surface was observed that was considered as sign of osteointegration.

[Experimental-morphological study of hybrid implantation material integration into bone tissue].

The authors developed new material based upon polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) with nanostructured metal and ceramic coatings. The task was formulated to study integrating potential of different chemical composition surfaces of intraosseous implants using Teflon with the mentioned above coatings as the experimental model. In experiments on rats using histomorphologic criterion there were compared implants from Teflon with Ti-, Ti-Ca-P-C-O-N- and Ti-Ca-Mn-K-C-O-N-coatings and Teflon without coating as the group for reference. It was shown that new experimental implant model based upon Teflon with different nanostructured coatings opened the possibility to profound investigation of interface contact substrate of metal (ceramic) surface with surrounding tissue structures. Optimal results upon the osteointegration criterion were received with Teflon + Ti-Ca-P-C-O-N-coating.

Porous materials from titanium-cobalt alloys for hybrid implants.

We proposed a new method to increase the biocompatibility of porous materials that were synthesized from titanium and cobalt allows by the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. This method suggested the introduction of calcium hydroxyapatite into the reaction mixture. Administration of calcium hydroxyapatite into the reaction mixture had a modifying effect on the structure and surface of the pore space and biocompatibility of composite materials. Administration of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals was followed by a significant decrease in the size of pores and appearance of water-soluble fractions, which inhibited the activity of cells. However, treatment with amorphous nanodispersed calcium hydroxyapatite increased the biocompatibility and adhesiveness of materials for mesenchymal stem cells. The pore space and mechanical characteristics of materials obtained with amorphous nanodispersed calcium hydroxyapatite were similar to the properties of natural bone. Moreover, these materials surpassed titanium-cobalt allows in biocompatibility. Our results indicate that the introduction of amorphous nanodispersed calcium hydroxyapatite into the reaction mixture during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis has a modifying effect on the pore space of composite materials and increases their biocompatibility and adhesiveness for cells. We conclude that these materials may be used as a carrier of stem cells and progenitor cells in hybrid implants.

[Morphological study of the mechanisms of osteointegration of intraosseal titanium implants].

The present study was undertaken to work out a new material based on titanium-coated polytetrafluoroethylene, which would have the integration potential similar to that of titanium implants, which would make it possible to use it as a model to study osseointegration processes. Rat experiments compared titanium implants and a combined model of a titanium-nanocoated polytetrafluoroethylene. The present study has indicated that the new experimental model of the implant opens the door to in-depth investigations of a peri-implant bone regeneration area.