Salvage I-125 brachytherapy for locally-recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: Retrospective, single-institution analysis of clinical outcomes and treatment-related toxicity in patients treated with salvage I-125 low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy (BT) for locally-recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2008 and 2018, 30 patients with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer recurrence underwent salvage treatment with I-125 LDR-BT. Of these 30 patients, 14 were previously treated with primary external beam radiotherapy (EBRT; median dose, 73 Gy) and 16 with primary I-125 LDR-BT (145 Gy and 160 Gy in 14 and 2 cases, respectively). At seed implantation, the mean age was 75.8 years, with a median Gleason score of 7 and pre-salvage PSA of <10 ng/mL. Six patients received androgen deprivation therapy for six months after relapse diagnosis. The prescribed salvage I-125 BT dose to the gland was 120-130 Gy, with dose restrictions of Dmax <135% (urethra) and <100% (rectum). Toxicity was evaluated according to the CTCAE scale (v4.0). RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 45 months, the biochemical recurrence-free survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 86.7%, 56.7% and 53.3%, respectively. Overall survival at 5 years was 87%. On the multivariate analysis, two variables were significant predictors of recurrence: PSA at relapse and nadir PSA post-salvage. Grade 3 genitourinary toxicity was observed in 5 patients (radiation-induced cystitis in 3 cases and urethral stenosis in 2) and G3 gastrointestinal toxicity in 3 patients (rectal bleeding). CONCLUSION: Salvage therapy with I-125 brachytherapy is a safe and effective treatment option for locally-recurrent prostate cancer in previously-irradiated patients. High pre-salvage PSA and post-salvage nadir PSA values were significantly associated with a worse disease control after salvage I-125 LDR-BT. In well-selected patients, I-125 LDR-BT is comparable to other salvage therapies in terms of disease control and toxicity. However, more research is needed to determine the optimal management of locally-recurrent prostate cancer.

100% peer review in radiation oncology: is it feasible?

PURPOSE: Peer review has been proposed as a strategy to ensure patient safety and plan quality in radiation oncology. Despite its potential benefits, barriers commonly exist to its optimal implementation in daily clinical routine. Our purpose is to analyze peer-review process at our institution. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Based on our group peer-review process, we quantified the rate of plan changes, time and resources needed for this process. Prospectively, data on cases presented at our institutional peer-review conference attended by physicians, resident physicians and physicists were collected. Items such as time to present per case, type of patient (adult or pediatric), treatment intent, dose, aimed technique, disease location and receipt of previous radiation were gathered. Cases were then analyzed to determine the rate of major change, minor change and plan rejection after presentation as well as the median time per session. RESULTS: Over a period of 4 weeks, 148 cases were reviewed. Median of attendants was six physicians, three in-training-physicians and one physicist. Median time per session was 38 (4-72) minutes. 59.5% of cases presented in 1-4 min, 32.4% in 5-9 min and 8.1% in ≥ 10 min. 79.1% of cases were accepted without changes, 11.5% with minor changes, 6% with major changes and 3.4% were rejected with indication of new presentation. Most frequent reason of change was contouring corrections (53.8%) followed by dose or fractionation (26.9%). CONCLUSION: Everyday group consensus peer review is an efficient manner to recollect clinical and technical data of cases presented to ensure quality radiation care before initiation of treatment as well as ensuring department quality in a feedback team environment. This model is feasible within the normal operation of every radiation oncology Department.

Impact of real-time, dose-escalated permanent seed implant brachytherapy in intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate biochemical control and toxicity in patients who underwent 125I seed brachytherapy (BT) for intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2004-December 2014, 395 patients with intermediate-risk PCa underwent 125I BT. Of these, 117 underwent preoperative planning (PP; 145 Gy) and 278 real-time intraoperative preplanning (IoP; 160 Gy). All patients were followed for ≥ 6 months (> 5 years in 48% of patients and > 7 years in 13%). Median follow-up was 59 months. RESULTS: Biochemical relapse-free survival (BRFS) rates at 5 and 8 years were, respectively, 91.7% and 82.1%. By treatment group, the corresponding BRFS rates were 93.5% and 90% for IoP and 89% and 76.8% for PP. The maximum dose to the urethra remained unchanged (217 Gy) despite the dose escalation (from 145 to 160 Gy), without any significant increase in treatment-related toxicity (p = 0.13). Overall toxicity outcomes in the series were excellent, with only 3 cases (0.76%) of grade 3 genitourinary toxicity. CONCLUSION: The real-time intraoperative planning technique at 160 Gy yields better biochemical controls than the preoperative planning technique at 145 Gy. Dose escalation did not increase urinary toxicity. The excellent results obtained with the IoP BT technique support its use as the first treatment option in this patient population.

A case report of recurrent adult-onset xanthogranuloma: is the radiotherapy a treatment option?

Adult-onset xanthogranuloma (AOX) is one of the four uncommon syndromes called adult xanthogranulomatous disease (AXD), which is diagnosed by characteristic histopathology. AXD is rare and heterogeneous group of entities that can affect multiple organ systems. Orbital involvement is included in the xanthogranulomatous disease although less prevalent. This work focuses on the use of external beam radiotherapy in the control of local symptoms of periocular manifestation of AOX as case report and literature review.

[Multidisciplinary management of an anaplastic sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid in a 40-year-old woman]. / Abordaje multidisciplinar de un carcinoma sebáceo anaplásico palpebral en una paciente de 40 años.

CASE REPORT: A 40-year-old woman was referred to our department due to an apparent indolent anterior blepharitis with an indurated node in her right upper eyelid, which had persisted for months. It was believed to be a chalazion associated with an ipsilateral swollen pre-aurical lymph node, which had not responded to conventional treatment. The extemporaneous biopsy was reported as sebaceous carcinoma. Complete exeresis was performed on that eyelid and it was reconstructed with a palate mucosa graft and a glabelar flap. A radical neck dissection was performed later, in order to remove the lymph nodes that appeared necrotic in several lymphatic areas. A biopsy was also performed on the lower eyelid, which was reported as positive for carcinomatous infiltration, and therefore it was treated with Curie-therapy. DISCUSSION: The precocity in diagnosing sebaceous carcinomas of the eyelids is the main prognostic factor. The reconstruction in cases with need of complete eyelid exeresis is feasible by means of a palate mucosa graft. In our case, both the anaplastic character and the high aggressiveness of the neoplasm were a therapeutic challenge.

Abordaje multidisciplinar de un carcinoma sebáceo anaplásico palpebral en una paciente de 40 años / Multidisciplinary management of an anaplastic sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid in a 40-year-old woman

Caso clínico: Mujer de 40 años remitida a nuestro servicio por persistencia durante meses de un cuadro de blefaritis anterior de aspecto indolente con aparición de un nódulo indurado en el párpado superior derecho filiado como chalazion refractario al tratamiento convencional, asociado a adenopatía preauricular ipsilateral. La biopsia extemporánea se informó como carcinoma sebáceo. Procedimos a la exéresis completa de dicho párpado y a su reconstrucción con injerto de mucosa palatina y colgajo glabelar. Posteriormente se practicó un vaciamiento cervical radical por la presencia de adenopatías de aspecto necrótico en diversos territorios linfáticos. Se biopsió el párpado inferior que resultó positivo para infiltración carcinomatosa que se trató mediante braquiterapia. Discusión: La precocidad en el diagnóstico de los carcinomas sebáceos palpebrales es el principal factor pronóstico. La reconstrucción en casos de necesidad de exéresis completa del párpado es factible mediante un injerto de mucosa de paladar. En nuestro caso, el carácter anaplásico y la alta agresividad de la neoplasia han supuesto un reto terapéutico(AU)

Case report: A 40-year-old woman was referred to our department due to an apparent indolent anterior blepharitis with an indurated node in her right upper eyelid, which had persisted for months. It was believed to be a chalazion associated with an ipsilateral swollen pre-aurical lymph node, which had not responded to conventional treatment. The extemporaneous biopsy was reported as sebaceous carcinoma. Complete exeresis was performed on that eyelid and it was reconstructed with a palate mucosa graft and a glabelar flap. A radical neck dissection was performed later, in order to remove the lymph nodes that appeared necrotic in several lymphatic areas. A biopsy was also performed on the lower eyelid, which was reported as positive for carcinomatous infiltration, and therefore it was treated with Curie-therapy.Discussion: The precocity in diagnosing sebaceous carcinomas of the eyelids is the main prognostic factor. The reconstruction in cases with need of complete eyelid exeresis is feasible by means of a palate mucosa graft. In our case, both the anaplastic character and the high aggressiveness of the neoplasm were a therapeutic challenge(AU)

[Indications, results and techniques of permanent prostate brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer]. / Braquiterapia de baja tasa en el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata localizado.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Prostate brachytherapy is a first-line therapeutic approach for localized prostate cancer in selected patients. We present our experience in brachytherapy and a thorough review of the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of the literature and evaluation of patient's selection was done. Furthermore the implantation technique, oncological results according to the different risk groups and acute and chronic complications were also analyzed. RESULTS: The biochemical relapse-free 10 year survival rate was 87-96% in low risk tumours and 63-86% in intermediate risk tumours. A total of 3-24% underwent urinary retention that required TURP in 0-8,7%. Other complications were urinary incontinence in 0-6,7%, proctitis in 0-15,5%, erectile dysfunction in 6,3-30%, rectal ulcer/fistula in 0-5,4%. CONCLUSIONS: Prostate brachytherapy is a safe and effective treatment in low and intermediate risk patients with prostate cancer.

Braquiterapia de baja tasa en el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata localizado / Indications, results and techniques of permanent prostate brachitherapy for localized prostate cancer

Introducción y Objetivo: La braquiterapia prostática se ha consolidado en los últimos años como tratamiento de primera línea en pacientes seleccionados con cáncer de próstata localizado. Pretendemos realizar una actualización del tema. Material y Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de las principales series publicadas analizando, indicaciones (selección de pacientes), las diferentes técnicas de implantación, los resultados oncológicos en función de grupos de riesgo y las complicaciones agudas y crónicas. Resultados: La supervivencia libre de recaída bioquímica fue del 87-96% a 10 años en tumores de bajo riesgo y del 63-86% a 10 años en tumores de riesgo intermedio. Las principales complicaciones fueron la retención urinaria en el 3-24%, necesitando RTU de próstata en 0-8,7%, la incontinencia urinaria en el 0-6,7%, proctitis en 0- 15,5%, disfunción eréctil en 6,3-30%, úlceras/fístulas rectales en 0-5,4%. Conclusiones: La braquiterapia prostática constituye una alternativa terapéutica en el cáncer de próstata localizado de bajo riesgo y en pacientes seleccionados de riesgo intermedio, con escasas complicaciones y una aceptable tasa de control bioquímico

Introduction and Objective: Prostate brachytherapy is a first-line therapeutic approach for localized prostate cancer in selected patients. We present our experience in brachytherapy and a thorough review of the literature. Materials and Methods: A review of the literature and evaluation of patient’s selection was done. Furthermore the implantation technique, oncological results according to the different risk groups and acute and chronic complications were also analyzed. Results: The biochemical relapse-free 10 year survival rate was 87-96% in low risk tumours and 63-86% in intermediate risk tumours. A total of 3-24% underwent urinary retention that required TURP in 0-8,7%. Other complications were urinary incontinence in 0-6,7%, proctitis in 0-15,5%, erectile dysfunction in 6,3-30%, rectal ulcer/fistula in 0-5,4%. Conclusions: Prostate brachytherapy is a safe and effective treatment in low and intermediate risk patients with prostate cancer

Tratamiento adyuvante con 5-fluorouracilo y levamisol o radioterapia en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal resecado en estadios II y III / Combinations of 5-fluorouracil with levamisole or radiotherapy adjuvant therapy in patients with stages II and III resected colorectal cancer

Propósito: Las primeras pautas eficaces de tratamiento adyuvante para el cáncer colorrectal fueron las combinaciones de 5-fluorouracilo con levamisol (5FU+lev, en el cáncer de colon) y con radioterapia (5FU+RT, en el cáncer de recto). Ambas se emplearon en nuestro centro entre 1992 y 1997. Presentamos aquí sus resultados a largo plazo en términos de toxicidad y supervivencia. Material y métodos: Setenta y cinco pacientes con cáncer de colon (48) y recto (27) resecado con intención curativa en estadios II (36 por ciento) y III (64 por ciento) recibieron quimioterapia basada en la administración de 5FU en bolo (5FU+lev o 5FU+RT en función de la localización primaria). Cincuenta y cinco enfermos (73 por ciento) completaron el tratamiento previsto de un año. La mediana de intensidad de dosis fue del 96 por ciento. La toxicidad fue leve y aceptable, principalmente en forma de diarrea y vómitos. Resultados: Con una mediana de seguimiento de 48 meses (extremos, 29-102), 27 pacientes (36 por ciento) han recaído. La supervivencia global a los 5 años fue de 93 por ciento y 67 por ciento para los enfermos con cáncer de colon en estadios II y III, y de 91 por ciento y 47 por ciento para los pacientes con cáncer de recto en estadios II y III, respectivamente. De los factores pronóstico analizados, sólo la estadificación postquirúrgica (pTNM) se relacionó significativamente con la evolución de los pacientes, mientras que la localización no alcanzó significación estadística. Conclusiones: 5FU+lev y 5FU+RT son tratamientos adyuvantes bien tolerados en el cáncer colorrectal resecado. Sin embargo, el seguimiento a largo plazo refleja la necesidad de mejorar sus resultados, especialmente en aquellos pacientes con estadio III y con tumores primarios rectales (AU)