[Transluminal percutaneous pulmonary valvuloplasty. Follow up of 34 patients]. / Valvuloplastia transluminal percutánea pulmonar. Seguimiento en 34 pacientes.

Thirty four children aged 2 to 11 years (means = 4.8 +/- 2.4 years) with pulmonary valve stenosis were treated by percutaneous transluminal valvuloplasty with catheter-balloon. All of them were reevaluated one month and six months after valvuloplasty, and once more year after the procedure. The evaluation consisted on clinical examination, chest Rx, ECG and Doppler 2 D-Echocardiography. We found a close correlation between transpulmonic gradients by Doppler and manometry. After pulmonary valvuloplasty we detected 12 cases of slight pulmonary insufficiency. Changes in ECG were significant since signs of right heart hypertrophy disappeared. Immediate good results got after valvuloplasty, remained and even improved throughout checking. We conclude that, faced with our results, we consider valvuloplasty as a definitive treatment of pulmonary stenosis, Doppler-two-Dimensional Echocardiography, is also useful for evaluating patients without need for a new catheterisation and EECG is an ideal complement to 2 D-Doppler Echocardiography.

[Vertebral arteriovenous fistula and neonatal cardiac insufficiency: diagnosis using duplex Doppler echography]. / Fístula arteriovenosa vertebral e insuficiencia cardiaca neonatal: diagnóstico por ecografía Doppler dúplex.

An extracranial arteriovenous fistula case, placed in vertebral artery territory that dealt with congestive heart failure and which developed advantageously without a surgical treatment is shown. Authors emphasize the fact of being a rarity the so premature beginning of the signs in a arteriovenous communication at that level, results in Doppler duplex echography and the need to have in count this entity previous to congestive heart failure with a deep origin in neonatal period.

[Severe aortic stenosis in the neonate and infant under 6 months old]. / Estenosis aórtica severa en el recién nacido y lactante menor de seis meses.

24 patients with diagnosed aortic stenosis are reported. Clinical symptoms started before 6 months of age (between 24 hours and 6 months, average 87 days). In all cases aortic stenosis was the only existing malformation, except in one patient who had a small muscular ventricular septal defect and in another case who had a patent ductus arteriosus. Clinical symptoms were early and notable. In nineteen there was congestive heart failure whose appearance in the first week of like was a bad prognosis. Relationship between severity of aortic stenosis and electrocardiographic findings was closer than in older patients. Death rate was very high in children who had not been operated (5 out of 12). Of children who received surgery only one died out of 12. Treatment, therefore, in this pathology must be aggressive.

[Aortic coarctation in children. Analysis of 100 cases]. / Coartación de aorta en el niño. Análisis de 100 casos.

One hundred clinical records of coarctation of aorta are presented with 78% catheterization and 31% postmortem examination. Surgical treatment was performed in 46%, 8, in the first month of life, 13 from 1 to 6 month, 5, from 6 to 12 month, 9 from 12 to 24 month and 11 older than 2 years. The surgical mortality was 13%. There was recoarctation in 7.5%. The mortality in the patients not operated on was 31%. This mortality was influenced by the severity of associated malformations. The most frequent associated cardiac malformations were left to right shunts followed by left heart pathology. The association with complex cardiopathies was frequent.

[Oto-cranio-facial syndromes with asymmetrical involvement of the face]. / Síndromes otocraneofaciales con afectación asimétrica de la cara.

Four cases otocraniumfacial syndromes with asymmetrical affectation of the face are presented. Clinic, radiologic and genetic studies are made. Authors comment the difference between Goldenhar's syndrome and hemifacial microsomia. Finally the etiopathogenic thesis, differential diagnostics and treatment are commented.

[Favism (study of 8 families)]. / Favismo (Estudio de ocho familias).

This paper presents ten cases of total glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency in individuals with hemolytic crisis after exposure to products of the fava been ("Vicia faba"). Three other cases of total G-6-PD deficiency and eleven partial deficit cases of the enzyme, without associated hemolysis were detected in a total of forty individuals belonging to eight families of the province of Seville examinated for G-6-PD levels. Important differences were noted in the G-6-PD enzyme dosage taken during the crisis and six and twelve months after. This fact was interpreted as a secondary effect to the elimination of the enzymopenic cells because of hemolysis. Data suggests the existence of a relatively stable form of G-6-PD that could explain the dissociation between the incidence of deficit in G-6-PD level in the general population and the reduced casuist of favism reported in our literature.

[Di Giorge's syndrome with congenital heart disease (author's transl)]. / Síndrome de Di Giorge Estudio cardiológico en tres casos.

Authors describe three cases of Di Giorge's syndrome (thymic and parathyroid aplasia) proved through anatomical study postmorten, associated with cardiac malformations (Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia, persistent truncus arteriosus and large patent ductus arteriosus). Clinical characteristics of the stated syndrome are analized with special reference to congenital heart diseases that are included in it.

[Renal pathology and ultrasounds (author's transl)]. / Patología renal y ultrasonidos.

In our present work we inttend to apply the ultrasounds to the field of child nephrology, by using the Vidoson 635 model. The advantages brought about by this new diagnostic method, which does not exclude others, lyes in its tridimensional vision, of easy handling, the fact of not requiring previous preparation of the patient and very little risk. In this work we present images of normal kidneys, renal agenesia, renal hypoplasia, hydronephrosis, hydrocalcinosis, cystic disease and nephroblastoma, emphasizing its use in the differential diagnosis of liquid and solid renal mass.