Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Venous International Assessment Scale and proposal of revision.

OBJECTIVE: To validate the Brazilian Portuguese translation and analyze the cultural adaptation of the Venous International Assessment Scale. METHODS: Observational study by employing the Delphi technique and an equivalence evaluation by experts. The results were analyzed using item scores and by content validity index calculations of item, scale, and universal agreement. RESULTS: Three rounds of evaluation were necessary for consensus. Explanatory contents were incorporated into the original scale throughout the process, resulting in a new version: VIA Scale - Revised. This scale obtained a content validity index of 0.96 and a universal agreement of 0.78. In the cross-cultural adequacy analysis phase, a score of 0.77 was obtained. The majority (90.5%) of the participants judged the scale's decision support property as positive. CONCLUSION: The VIA Scale was validated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian Portuguese language, resulting in the VIA Scale - Revised (VIA-R).

Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Venous International Assessment Scale and proposal of revision / Validación para el portugués de Brasil de la escala Venous International Assessment y propuesta de revisión / Validação para o português do Brasil da Escala Venous International Assessment e proposta de revisão

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the Brazilian Portuguese translation and analyze the cultural adaptation of the Venous International Assessment Scale. Methods: Observational study by employing the Delphi technique and an equivalence evaluation by experts. The results were analyzed using item scores and by content validity index calculations of item, scale, and universal agreement. Results: Three rounds of evaluation were necessary for consensus. Explanatory contents were incorporated into the original scale throughout the process, resulting in a new version: VIA Scale - Revised. This scale obtained a content validity index of 0.96 and a universal agreement of 0.78. In the cross-cultural adequacy analysis phase, a score of 0.77 was obtained. The majority (90.5%) of the participants judged the scale's decision support property as positive. Conclusion: The VIA Scale was validated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian Portuguese language, resulting in the VIA Scale - Revised (VIA-R).

RESUMEN Objetivo: Validar traducción para el portugués brasileño y analizar la adaptación cultural de la Escala Venous International Assessment. Métodos: Estudio observacional dado por la aplicación de la técnica de Delphi y evaluación de la equivalencia por especialistas. Los resultados analizados mediante la calificación por ítem y cálculos de índices de validez de contenido de ítem, escala y concordancia universal. Resultados: Fueron necesarias tres rondas de evaluación para consenso. En el curso del proceso, fueron incorporados contenidos explicativos a la escala original, proponiéndose la Escala VIA - Revised. Esta obtuvo índice de validez de contenido de 0,96 y concordancia universal de 0,78. En el análisis de la adecuación transcultural, fue obtenido índice de 0,77. La mayoría (90,5%) de los participantes juzgó positivamente la propriedad de la escala de apoyo a la decisión. Conclusión: La Escala VIA fue validada y adaptada culturalmente al portugués brasileño, generando proposición de la Escala VIA - Revised (VIA-R).

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar a tradução para língua portuguesa do Brasil e analisar a adaptação cultural da Escala Venous International Assessment. Métodos: Estudo observacional dado pela aplicação da técnica de Delphi e avaliação da equivalência por especialistas. Os resultados foram analisados mediante a pontuação por item e cálculos de índices de validade de conteúdo de item, escala e concordância universal. Resultados: Foram necessárias três rodadas de avaliação para consenso. No decorrer do processo, foram incorporados conteúdos explicativos à escala original, propondo-se a Escala VIA - Revised. Esta obteve índice de validade de conteúdo de 0,96 e concordância universal de 0,78. Na etapa de análise da adequação transcultural, foi obtido índice de 0,77. A maioria (90,5%) dos participantes julgou de modo positivo a propriedade da escala de apoio à decisão. Conclusão: A Escala VIA foi validada e adaptada culturalmente para a língua portuguesa do Brasil, gerando proposição da Escala VIA - Revised (VIA-R).

Validation to Spanish of the Caring Assessment Tool (CAT-V).

OBJECTIVE: to translate and validate to Spanish the Caring Assessment Scale tool, CAT-V, by Joanne Duffy, within the framework of Jean Watson; as a secondary objective, it is proposed to evaluate its psychometric properties. There are tools designed to measure the patient's perception of provided cares, including CAT-V, the subject of our interest, in a way that it can be used in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODS: to meet the objectives, it was performed sequential translation and retro-translation of the scale to be validated, through a standardized procedure. The final version of that scale was validated in a sample of 349 patients from four public and two private hospitals in Madrid, Spain. RESULTS: The instrument was translated and validated with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha .953). The subsequent factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure, not coincident with the data from the US population. CONCLUSION: it is considered that the translation of CAT-V is a suitable instrument to be used in the evaluation of patient care in Ibero-american health centers whose language is Spanish.

Validation to Spanish of the Caring Assessment Tool (CAT-V) / Adaptação cultural para o espanhol e consistência interna da Ferramenta de Avaliação de Cuidados, Caring Assessment Tool (CAT-V) / Validación al Español de la Herramienta de Evaluación de los Cuidados, Caring Assessment Tool (CAT-V)

Resume Objective: to translate and validate to Spanish the Caring Assessment Scale tool, CAT-V, by Joanne Duffy, within the framework of Jean Watson; as a secondary objective, it is proposed to evaluate its psychometric properties. There are tools designed to measure the patient's perception of provided cares, including CAT-V, the subject of our interest, in a way that it can be used in Spanish-speaking patients. Methods: to meet the objectives, it was performed sequential translation and retro-translation of the scale to be validated, through a standardized procedure. The final version of that scale was validated in a sample of 349 patients from four public and two private hospitals in Madrid, Spain. Results: The instrument was translated and validated with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha .953). The subsequent factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure, not coincident with the data from the US population. Conclusion: it is considered that the translation of CAT-V is a suitable instrument to be used in the evaluation of patient care in Ibero-american health centers whose language is Spanish.

Resume Objetivo: traduzir para castelhano e avaliar a consistência interna da escala Caring Assessment tool, CAT-V de Joanne Duffy, no marco conceitual de Jean Watson, e como objetivo secundário avaliar as suas propriedades psicométricas. Existem ferramentas desenhadas para medir a percepção do paciente sobre os cuidados dispensados, entre as quais o CAT-V, objeto de nosso interesse com o fim de poder ser aplicado aos doentes hispano falantes. Métodos: para cumprir com os objetivos serão feitas sequencialmente a tradução e retro tradução da escala a validar através de um procedimento padronizado. A versão definitiva da escala foi validada numa amostra de 349 pacientes procedente de quatro hospitais públicos e dois privados de Madrid, Espanha. Resultados: o instrumento foi traduzido e validado com uma consistência elevada (alfa de Cronbach 0,953). Conclusão: a tradução do CAT-V considera que o mesmo pode-se consistuir um instrumento adequado para a avaliação de cuidados prestados a pacientes nos centros de saúde ibero-americanos cuja língua falada seja o castelhano.

Resumen Objetivo: traducir y validar al castellano de la escala Caring Assessment tool, CAT-V, de Joanne Duffy, dentro del marco conceptual de Jean Watson, como objetivo secundario, se plantea evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas. Existen herramientas diseñadas con el fin de medir la percepción del paciente sobre los cuidados dispensados, entre ellos el CAT-V, es objeto de nuestro interés, a fin de que pueda ser utilizado en pacientes hispanohablantes. Método: para cumplir con los objetivos, se plantea, secuencialmente, la realización de la traducción y retro-traducción de la escala a validar, a través de procedimiento normalizado. La versión definitiva de esa escala se validó en una muestra de 349 pacientes procedente de cuatro hospitales públicos y dos hospitales privados en Madrid, España. Resultados: el instrumento fue traducido y validado la con una consistencia interna elevada (alfa de Cronbach .953). El análisis factorial posterior ha puesto de manifiesto una estructura de tres factores, hallazgo no coincidente con los datos procedentes de la población norteamericana. Conclusión: se considera que la traducción del CAT-V es un instrumento adecuado para su utilización en la evaluación de los cuidados a pacientes en centros sanitarios iberoamericanos cuya lengua sea el Castellano.

Heparinización versus salinización en catéteres periféricos cortos para extracciones de sangre en ensayos clínicos / Heparinization versus salinization in short peripheral catheters for blood draws in clinical trials

Objetivo: explorar si el comportamiento dinámico del torrente venoso es adecuado, siendo la prioridad el reflujo venoso, tras realizar repetidas extracciones de sangre en el marco de un ensayo clínico, a fin de poder realizar una extracción que se considere limpia y de calidad para las determinaciones posteriores. Método: la población estuvo constituida por pacientes con cáncer de ovario, glioblastoma cerebral y cáncer de mama localmente avanzado, con tratamiento en el marco de ensayos clínicos Fase I, donde el sistema venoso periférico no está previamente tratado ni dañado. Se estudiaron 83 puntos de extracción, dentro de las primeras24 horas de la colocación del catéter, eliminando del estudio el primer punto de punción, donde no hay conservación previa. Resultados: en relación a la facilidad para el reflujo, la vía heparinizada refluye fácilmente en un 82,9% de los casos, con dificultad en un 14,6% y no refluye en un 2,4% de los casos. En las vías salinizadas, refluye fácilmente en un 39,5% de los casos, con dificultad en un 55,8% y no refluye en un 4,7%. Referente a la calidad de la muestra extraída, medida a través de la hemólisis de la misma, en las vías mantenidas con suero heparinizado, se observa que las muestras se hemolizan en un 19,5% de los casos, y en las vías mantenidas con suero salino las muestras se hemolizan en un 39,5%.Conclusiones: la heparina sódica a baja concentración (20 UI/ml) en comparación con suero salino, disminuye los problemas asociados al reflujo del catéter, incrementando el número de catéteres periféricos que refluyen sin dificultad a la vez que disminuye el grado de hemólisis de la muestra, si bien hay que tener en cuenta que las vías no permanecen en las mismas condiciones que al principio pasadas las primeras horas de su canalización aunque se mantienen un período muy corto de tiempo, máximo 24 horas (AU)

Objective: to explore whether the dynamic behavior of the venous blood stream is suitable, with the priority being the venous reflux, following repeated blood draws as part of a clinical trial, in order to perform an extraction we consider to be clean and of quality for subsequent determinations. Method: the population consisted of patients with ovarian cancer, brain glioblastoma and locally advanced breast cancer, with treatment as part of Phase I clinical trials, where the peripheral venous systemis not pre-treated or damaged. 83 extraction sites were studied, within the first 24 hours of catheter insertion, eliminating from the study the first puncture site, where there is no prior preservation. Results: regarding the ease of reflux, the heparinised route refluxed more easily in 82,9% of cases, with difficulty in 14,6% of cases, and did not reflux in 2,4% of cases. In salinized routes, it refluxed easily in 39,5% of cases, with difficulty in 55,8% of cases, and did not refluxin 4,7% of cases. Concerning the quality of the extracted sample, as measured by the hemolysis of the sample, from the routes maintained with heparinized saline solution, samples lysed in 19,5%of cases, and in routes maintained with saline solution, samples lysed in 39,5% of cases. Conclusions: at low concentrations, sodium heparin (20 IU/ml) compared with saline solution reduces the problems associated with catheter reflux, increasing the number of peripheral catheters that refluxed easily while decreasing the degree of hemolysis of the sample. However, it should be noted that the routes do not remain in the same conditions as in the beginning past the first hours of canalization although they are maintained for a very short period of time, maxi -mum 24 hours (AU)