Effects of a Primary Care Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains across a Region of Catalunya (Spain) over 5 Years.

Primary care antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) interventions can reduce the over-prescription of unnecessary antibiotics, but the impact on the reduction in bacterial resistance is less known, and there is a lack of available data. We implemented a prolonged educational counseling ASP in a large regional outpatient setting to assess its feasibility and effectiveness. Over a 5-year post-implementation period, which was compared to a pre-intervention period, a significant reduction in antibiotic prescriptions occurred, particularly those associated with greater harmful effects and resistance selection. There was also a decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains and in their co-resistance to other antibiotics, particularly those with an ecological impact.

Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Strategy on Surgical Hospital Discharge: Improving Antibiotic Prescription in the Transition of Care.

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (AMSPs) are essential elements in reducing the unnecessary overprescription of antibiotics. Most of the actions of these programs have focused on actions during acute hospitalization. However, most prescriptions occur after hospital discharge, which represents a necessary and real opportunity for improvement in these programs. We present an AMSP multifaceted strategy implemented in a surgical department which was carried out by a multidisciplinary team to verify its reliability and effectiveness. Over a 1-year post-implementation period, compared to the pre-intervention period, a significant reduction of around 60% in antibiotic exposure occurred, with lower economic cost and greater safety.

Impact of a Primary Care Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Bacterial Resistance Control and Ecological Imprint in Urinary Tract Infections.

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are a central component in reducing the overprescription of unnecessary antibiotics, with multiple studies showing benefits in the reduction of bacterial resistance. Less commonly, ASPs have been performed in outpatient settings, but there is a lack of available data in these settings. We implemented an ASP in a large regional outpatient setting to assess its feasibility and effectiveness. Over a 5-year post-implementation period, compared to the pre-intervention period, a significant reduction in antibiotic prescription occurred, with a reduction in resistance in E. coli urinary isolates. ASP activities also were found to be cost-effective, with a reduction in medication prescription.

Emotional impact and compassion fatigue in oncology nurses: Results of a multicentre study.

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue (Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress) and anxiety in oncology nurses and the association with demographics, training, work-related conditions, and psychological factors. METHOD: A multicentre, cross-sectional study in 8 selected hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) involving oncology nurses. Primary outcomes were Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue (Burnout/Secondary Traumatic Stress), evaluated with the Professional Quality of Life questionnaire v.IV, and anxiety, evaluated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: Of 297 participants, 18.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]:16.1-20.3) presented low Compassion Satisfaction; 20.2% (95% CI:18.0-22.4), high burnout; and 37.4% (95% CI:34.8-40.0), high Secondary Traumatic Stress. Trait and State Anxiety were high in 5.4% (95% CI:4.2-6.6) and 8.1% (95% CI:6.6-9.6) of participants, respectively. Nurses' desire to leave the unit was associated with high burnout (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] 3.7, 95% CI:1.9-7.5) and Secondary Traumatic Stress (ORa 3.2, 95% CI:1.9-5.3), while the desire to leave the profession was related to high State Anxiety (ORa 12.5, 95% CI:4.6-33.7). Most participants (96.9%) were interested in receiving emotional management training. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous demands on oncology nurses' empathy can lead them to experience compassion fatigue, anxiety and a desire to leave the profession. The first study carried out with Spanish oncology nurses shows Compassion Fatigue is highly prevalent. This is related to nurses' desire to change units, leave their profession and has negative implications on staff satisfaction and quality of care. This problem justifies institutions support strategies for these professionals.

[Concordance between the antecedents of influenza vaccination referred by pregnant women and those recorded in the medical record]. / Concordancia entre los antecedentes de vacunación antigripal referidos por las gestantes en Cataluña y los registrados en la Historia Clínica.

OBJECTIVE: Sometimes and when a registry is not available, influenza vaccination (IV) is based on vaccination records reported by citizens. When the opportunity of comparing both information sources exists, sometimes, discrepancies between both have been observed. The objectives of this study are: to know the IV coverage in pregnant women (both referred and recorded in the clinical history), to determine the concordance between both sources of information and to quantify the lost opportunities of IV due to errors in verbalization. METHODS: From June to September after the IV campaigns 2013/2014 and 2014/2015, a cross-sectional survey was carried out to a random sample of 657 pregnant women assisted in seven ASSIR (Public Centers for Sexual and Reproductive Care) in Catalonia. The history of IV referred by the pregnant women and those of the vaccination record of the computerized clinical history were collected. Vaccination coverage was calculated for each source of information, it was also calculated the concordance between both (Kappa index) and the proportion of pregnant women who reported receiving the IV without having received it. This indicator was analyzed according to the different variables compared to globality through the Chi-square test. The accepted statistical significance level was p less than 0.05. RESULTS: The referred vaccination coverage was 22.2% (95% CI: 19.0% -25.4%) and 15.4% (95% CI: 12.6% -18.2%) according to the vaccination record (p = 0.0019). Despite the good concordance between both sources (Kappa = 0.738), one out of every three pregnant women who said they were vaccinated was not according to the registry. The lower concordance and the lost opportunities of IV occurred in the upper social strata, at intermediate fertile ages and when there was previous knowledge and experience of IV. CONCLUSIONS: The coverage of IV in pregnant women continues to be low. In spite of the good concordance between both sources of information, one out of three unvaccinated believe that they have been vaccinated, as result they can lose a vaccination opportunity.

OBJETIVO: En ocasiones y cuando no se dispone de un registro, la vacunación antigripal (VAG) se fundamenta en los antecedentes vacunales referidos por los ciudadanos. Cuando existe la posibilidad de comparar ambas fuentes de información, en ocasiones, se han observado discrepancias entre las mismas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: conocer la cobertura de VAG en gestantes tanto referida como registrada en la historia clínica, determinar la concordancia entre ambas fuentes de información y cuantificar las oportunidades perdidas de VAG debidas a los errores en la verbalización. METODOS: De junio a septiembre después de las campañas de VAG 2013/2014 y 2014/2015 se aplicó una encuesta transversal a una muestra aleatoria de 657 gestantes atendidas en siete ASSIR (Centros Públicos de Atención Sexual y Reproductiva) de Cataluña. Se recogieron los antecedentes de VAG referidos por las gestantes y los del registro de vacunaciones de la historia clínica informatizada. Se calcularon la cobertura vacunal para cada fuente de información, la concordancia entre ambas (índice Kappa) y la proporción de gestantes que manifestaron haber recibido la VAG sin haberla recibido. Este indicador se analizó según las distintas variables comparándose con la globalidad a través de la prueba de Ji cuadrado. El nivel significación estadística aceptado fue de p menor que 0,05. RESULTADOS: La cobertura vacunal referida fue del 22,2% (IC 95%: 19,0%-25,4%) y del 15,4% (IC 95%: 12,6%-18,2%) según el registro de vacunaciones (p=0,0019). A pesar de la buena concordancia entre ambas fuentes (Kappa=0,738), una de cada tres gestantes que manifestaron estar vacunadas no lo estaba según el registro. La menor concordancia y las oportunidades perdidas de VAG se produjeron en los estratos sociales altos, a edades fértiles intermedias y cuando se tenían conocimientos y experiencias previas de VAG. CONCLUSIONES: La cobertura de VAG en gestantes continua siendo baja. A pesar de la buena concordancia entre ambas fuentes de información, una de cada tres no vacunadas cree estarlo, pudiendo perder una oportunidad de vacunación.

Concordancia entre los antecedentes de vacunación antigripal referidos por las gestantes en Cataluña y los registrados en la historia clínica / Concordance between the antecedents of influenza vaccination referred by pregnant women and those recorded in the medical record

Fundamentos. En ocasiones y cuando no se dispone de un registro, la vacunación antigripal (VAG) se fundamenta en los antecedentes vacunales referidos por los ciudadanos. Cuando existe la posibilidad de comparar ambas fuentes de información, a veces se han observado discrepancias entre las mismas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: conocer la cobertura de VAG en gestantes tanto referida como registrada en la historia clínica, determinar la concordancia entre ambas fuentes de información y cuantificar las oportunidades perdidas de VAG debidas a los errores en la verbalización. Método. De junio a septiembre después de las campañas de VAG 2013/2014 y 2014/2015 se aplicó una encuesta transversal a una muestra aleatoria de 657 gestantes atendidas en siete ASSIR (Centros Públicos de Atención Sexual y Reproductiva) de Cataluña. Se recogieron los antecedentes de VAG referidos por las gestantes y los del registro de vacunaciones de la historia clínica informatizada. Se calcularon la cobertura vacunal para cada fuente de información, la concordancia entre ambas (índice Kappa) y la proporción de gestantes que manifestaron haber recibido la VAG sin haberla recibido. Este indicador se analizó según las distintas variables comparándose con la globalidad a través de la prueba de Ji cuadrado. El nivel significación estadística aceptado fue de p< 0,05. Resultados. La cobertura vacunal referida fue del 22,2% (IC 95%: 19,0%-25,4%) y del 15,4% (IC 95%: 12,6%-18,2%) según el registro de vacunaciones (p=0,0019). A pesar de la buena concordancia entre ambas fuentes (Kappa=0,738), una de cada tres gestantes que manifestaron estar vacunadas no lo estaba según el registro. La menor concordancia y las oportunidades perdidas de VAG se produjeron en los estratos sociales altos, a edades fértiles intermedias y cuando se tenían conocimientos y experiencias previas de VAG. Conclusiones. La cobertura de VAG en gestantes continua siendo baja. A pesar de la buena concordancia entre ambas fuentes de información, una de cada tres no vacunadas cree estarlo, pudiendo perder una oportunidad de vacunación (AU)

Background. Sometimes and when a registry is not available, influenza vaccination (IV) is based on vaccination records reported by citizens. When the opportunity of comparing both information sources exists, sometimes, discrepancies between both have been observed. The objectives of this study are: to know the IV coverage in pregnant women (both referred and recorded in the clinical history), to determine the concordance between both sources of information and to quantify the lost opportunities of IV due to errors in verbalization. Method. From June to September after the IV campaigns 2013/2014 and 2014/2015, a cross-sectional survey was carried out to a random sample of 657 pregnant women assisted in seven ASSIR (Public Centers for Sexual and Reproductive Care) in Catalonia. The history of IV referred by the pregnant women and those of the vaccination record of the computerized clinical history were collected. Vaccination coverage was calculated for each source of information, it was also calculated the concordance between both (Kappa index) and the proportion of pregnant women who reported receiving the IV without having received it. This indicator was analyzed according to the different variables compared to globality through the Chi-square test. The accepted statistical significance level was p <0.05. Results. The referred vaccination coverage was 22.2% (95% CI: 19.0% -25.4%) and 15.4% (95% CI: 12.6% -18.2%) according to the vaccination record (p = 0.0019). Despite the good concordance between both sources (Kappa = 0.738), one out of every three pregnant women who said they were vaccinated was not according to the registry. The lower concordance and the lost opportunities of IV occurred in the upper social strata, at intermediate fertile ages and when there was previous knowledge and experience of IV. Conclusions. The coverage of IV in pregnant women continues to be low. In spite of the good concordance between both sources of information, one out of three unvaccinated believe that they have been vaccinated, as result they can lose a vaccination opportunity (AU)

Eficacia de una intervención educativa a pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y sus cuidadores / Efficacy of an educational intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their caregivers

OBJETIVO: evaluar el impacto de una intervención educativa a pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) y sus cuidadores. MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio preliminar cuasiexperimental antes-después a pacientes con diagnóstico de EPOC de más de seis meses de evolución y a sus cuidadores en el Centro de Salud de Fraga (Huesca). Se llevó a cabo una intervención educativa analizando su eficacia inmediatamente después, al mes, a los tres meses y a los seis meses, sobre conocimientos, actitudes y habilidades. RESULTADOS: participaron 13 pacientes y siete cuidadores. El 55,0% era hombre, siendo el 76,9% de estos, pacientes. La media global de edad fue de 70,9 (DE:10,5) años. Las visitas mensuales a urgencias disminuyeron y la media de aciertos en el test de conocimientos antes de la intervención fue de 16,8 (DE: 1,9) (pacientes 17,0 y cuidadores 17,3), pasando a 18,5 (DE:2) (pacientes 18,6 y cuidadores 18,3) a los seis meses de esta. Se incrementó el número de pacientes vacunados con la vacuna neumocócica 23-valente. El test de uso de inhaladores aumento tres puntos en las medias de cada tipo de inhaladores. Se observó un aumento estadísticamente significativo en el nivel de conocimientos en los distintos momentos y en el uso de inhaladores de cartucho presurizado en los distintos momentos en aquellos que vinieron acompañados respectos a aquellos que no. CONCLUSIONES: a pesar del reducido tamaño muestral se observó un aumento de conocimientos, un mejor manejo en el uso de inhaladores y una mayor cobertura vacunal antineumocócica 23-valente

OBJECTIVE: to assess the impact of an educational intervention in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and their caregivers. METHOD: a preliminary quasi-experimental before-and-after study was conducted in patients diagnosed with >6-months evolution COPD and their caregivers, in the Fraga Health Centre (Huesca). An educational intervention was conducted, analyzing its efficacy immediately after, at one month, at three months, and at six months, regarding knowledge, attitudes and abilities. RESULTS: the study included 13 patients and seven caregivers. Of the patients, 55.0% were male, and 76.9% were patients. Their mean overall age was 70.9 years (SD: 10.5). There was a reduction in monthly visits to the Emergencies Unit, and the mean accurate answers in the knowledge test before the intervention was 16.8 (SD: 1.9) (patients 17.0 and caregivers 17.3), and became 18.5 (SD:2) (patients 18.6 and caregivers 18.3) at six months after the intervention. There was an increase in the number of patients who received the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine. The test on inhaler use had a 3-point increase in the mean scores for each type of inhaler. A statistically significant increase was observed in the level of knowledge at different time-points, and in the use of pressurized cartridge inhalers at different time-points, for those who came accompanied vs. those who came alone. CONCLUSIONS: even though the sample size was small, an increase in knowledge could be observed, as well as a better management of inhaler use and a higher coverage of the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine

Stressful Events in the Onset of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. / Situaciones estresantes asociadas a la presentación del síndrome de fatiga crónica.

BACKGROUND: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a complex and multifactorial disease. Stressful situations experienced could be related to the presentation of the disease. Few studies have determined which factors could trigger CFS. The main objective of this study was to explore the stressful situations which can be associated with CFS presentation. METHODS: Retrospective observational case-control study with CFS diagnosed patients according to the Fukuda's criteria. Controls were matched to cases by sex, age and educational level with a 1:1 ratio. Participants aged between 18 and 75 years from the province of Lleida. Information was obtained through personal questionnaires. The measure of association was the odds ratio. RESULTS: In total, 77 cases and 77 controls were included. Association found between stressful life events and presentation of disease were pregnancy ORa=31.7 (CI95%:2.2-456.7), spousal abuse ORa= 10.2 (CI95%:1.2-88.4) and mobbing ORa=6.9 (CI95%:1.3-36.9), eating disorders=7.5 (CI95%:1.3-42.1), car accident ORa=5.5 (CI95%:1.7-17 9), economic problems ORa=5.1 (CI95%:2.1-12.6) and changes in sleep habits ORa=2.8 (CI95%:1.1-7.5). CONCLUSIONS: Stressful life events as pregnancy, spousal abuse, mobbing, eating disorders, car accident, economic problems and changes in sleep habits felt by those affected must be taken into consideration when compiling background information related to the onset of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Adequate identification of these stressful life events in risk people could contribute to early diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

OBJETIVO: El síndrome de fatiga crónica (SFC) es una enfermedad compleja y multifactorial. Situaciones estresantes vividas podrían relacionarse con la presentación de la enfermedad. Son pocos los estudios que han determinado estos factores desencadenantes de la presentación del SFC. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue explorar cuáles pueden ser las Situaciones estresantes asociadas al desencadenamiento del síndrome de fatiga crónica. METODOS: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de casos y controles con pacientes diagnosticados de SFC según los criterios de Fukuda. Los controles se emparejaron con los casos según sexo, edad y nivel de estudios con una razón 1:1. Ambos tenían edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 75 años y eran residentes en la provincia de Lleida. Se aplicó una tabla de acontecimientos vitales estresantes (AVE). La información se obtuvo mediante encuestas personales. Se realizó regresión logística binaria calculando la odds ratio como medida de asociación. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 77 casos y 77 controles. Se evidenció asociación entre acontecimientos vitales estresantes y presentación de la patología, como embarazo con ORa=31,7 (IC95%: 2,2-456,7), maltrato por parte de la pareja ORa=10,2 (IC95%:1,2-88,4), mobbing ORa=6,9 (IC95%:1,3-36,9), trastornos de la alimentación ORa=7,5 (IC95%:1,3-42,1), accidente de tráfico ORa=5,5 (IC95%:1,7-17,9), problemas económicos ORa=5,1 (IC95%:2,1-12,6) y cambios de hábitos de sueño ORa=2,8 (IC95%:1,1-7,5). CONCLUSIONES: Acontecimientos vitales estresantes como el embarazo, el maltrato por parte de la pareja, mobbing, trastornos de alimentación, accidente de tráfico, problemas económicos y cambios de hábitos de sueño percibidos por los afectados, deben tenerse en cuenta al explorar la información relacionada con el desencadenamiento del síndrome de fatiga crónica. Su hallazgo en personas de riesgo podría contribuir a un diagnóstico precoz del síndrome de fatiga crónica.

Papel de los profesionales sanitarios de los ASSIRes en la vacunación antigripal en gestantes / Role of health professionals of sexual health and reproduction clinics in the influenza vaccination in pregnant women

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Situaciones estresantes asociadas a la presentación del síndrome de fatiga crónica / Stressful events in the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome

Fundamentos: El síndrome de fatiga crónica (SFC) es una enfermedad compleja y multifactorial. Situaciones estresantes vividas podrían relacionarse con la presentación de la enfermedad. Son pocos los estudios que han determinado estos factores desencadenantes de la presentación del SFC. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue explorar cuáles pueden ser las Situaciones estresantes asociadas al desencadenamiento del síndrome de fatiga crónica. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de casos y controles con pacientes diagnosticados de SFC según los criterios de Fukuda. Los controles se emparejaron con los casos según sexo, edad y nivel de estudios con una razón 1:1. Ambos tenían edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 75 años y eran residentes en la provincia de Lleida. Se aplicó una tabla de acontecimientos vitales estresantes (AVE). La información se obtuvo mediante encuestas personales. Se realizó regresión logística binaria calculando la odds ratio como medida de asociación. Resultados: Se incluyeron 77 casos y 77 controles. Se evidenció asociación entre acontecimientos vitales estresantes y presentación de la patología, como embarazo con ORa=31,7 (IC95%: 2,2-456,7), maltrato por parte de la pareja ORa=10,2 (IC95%:1,2-88,4), mobbing ORa=6,9 (IC95%:1,3-36,9), trastornos de la alimentación ORa=7,5 (IC95%:1,3-42,1), accidente de tráfico ORa=5,5 (IC95%:1,7-17,9), problemas económicos ORa=5,1 (IC95%:2,1-12,6) y cambios de hábitos de sueño ORa=2,8 (IC95%:1,1-7,5). Conclusiones: Acontecimientos vitales estresantes como el embarazo, el maltrato por parte de la pareja, mobbing, trastornos de alimentación, accidente de tráfico, problemas económicos y cambios de hábitos de sueño percibidos por los afectados, deben tenerse en cuenta al explorar la información relacionada con el desencadenamiento del síndrome de fatiga crónica. Su hallazgo en personas de riesgo podría contribuir a un diagnóstico precoz del síndrome de fatiga crónica (AU)

Background: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a complex and multifactorial disease. Stressful situations experienced could be related to the presentation of the disease. Few studies have determined which factors could trigger CFS. The main objective of this study was to explore the stressful situations which can be associated with CFS presentation. Methods: Retrospective observational case-control study with CFS diagnosed patients according to the Fukuda’s criteria. Controls were matched to cases by sex, age and educational level with a 1:1 ratio. Participants aged between 18 and 75 years from the province of Lleida. Information was obtained through personal questionnaires. The measure of association was the odds ratio. Results: In total, 77 cases and 77 controls were included. Association found between stressful life events and presentation of disease were pregnancy ORa=31.7 (CI95%:2.2-456.7), spouse abuse ORa=10.2 (CI95%:1.2-88.4) and mobbing ORa=6.9 (CI95%:1.3-36.9), eating disorders=7.5 (CI95%:1.3-42.1), car accident ORa=5.5 (CI95%:1.7-17 9), economic problems ORa=5.1 (CI95%:2.1-12.6) and changes in sleep habits ORa=2.8 (CI95%:1.1-7.5). Conclusions: Stressful life events as pregnancy, spousal abuse, mobbing, eating disorders, car accident, economic problems and changes in sleep habits felt by those affected must be taken into consideration when compiling background information related to the onset of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Adequate identification of these stressful life events in risk people could contribute to early diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (AU)

Cumplimiento de las recomendaciones sobre actividad física en personas hipertensas asistidas en atención primaria / Adherence to physical activity recommendations in a hypertensive primary care population

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de actividad física en la población hipertensa del Área de Salud de Lleida y los factores asociados. Métodos: Estudio transversal en personas hipertensas adultas. La variable dependiente fue el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones medido con el cuestionario Minnesota; las independientes fueron las características sociodemográficas, la información recibida y las actitudes frente a la actividad física. Resultados: Participaron 786 personas hipertensas de 66,0±10,2 años; el 53,9% eran mujeres. Cumplieron las recomendaciones el 64,3% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 60,9-67,6): el 65,2% (IC95%: 60,2-70,0) de los hombres y el 63,4% (IC95%: 58,8-67,9) de las mujeres. Un mayor cumplimiento se asoció con la edad en los hombres y con residir en el ámbito rural en las mujeres. Tener ocupación no remunerada y buena actitud hacia la realización de actividad física se asociaron con mayor cumplimiento en ambos sexos. No se observó asociación con el número de consejos recibidos los últimos 6 meses. Conclusiones: Más de la mitad de la población hipertensa cumple las recomendaciones. Para mejorar el nivel de actividad física puede recomendarse una prescripción individualizada según la actitud hacia ésta (AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalence of adherence to physical activity recommendations in the hypertensive population of Lerida (Spain) attended in primary care and to identify related factors. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in hypertensive adults. The dependent variable was adherence to physical activity recommendations measured with the Minnesota Questionnaire. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors, the information received, and attitudes to physical activity. Results: A total of 786 hypertensive patients participated in this study; 53.9% were women and the mean age was 66.0±10.2 years. Adherence to recommendations was found in 64.3% (95% CI: 60.9-67.6); this percentage was 65.2% in men (95% CI: 60.2-70.0) and 63.4% in women (95% CI: 58.8-67.9). Greater adherence was associated with age in men and with residence in a rural area in women. In both genders, greater adherence was associated with unpaid work and with having a favorable attitude to physical activity. No association was observed with the number of recommendations received in the last 6 months. Conclusions: More than half the hypertensive population adhered to physical activity recommendations. To improve physical activity levels, recommendations can be tailored to the attitudes of individual patients (AU)

[Adherence to physical activity recommendations in a hypertensive primary care population]. / Cumplimiento de las recomendaciones sobre actividad física en personas hipertensas asistidas en atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of adherence to physical activity recommendations in the hypertensive population of Lerida (Spain) attended in primary care and to identify related factors. METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out in hypertensive adults. The dependent variable was adherence to physical activity recommendations measured with the Minnesota Questionnaire. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors, the information received, and attitudes to physical activity. RESULTS: A total of 786 hypertensive patients participated in this study; 53.9% were women and the mean age was 66.0±10.2 years. Adherence to recommendations was found in 64.3% (95% CI: 60.9-67.6); this percentage was 65.2% in men (95% CI: 60.2-70.0) and 63.4% in women (95% CI: 58.8-67.9). Greater adherence was associated with age in men and with residence in a rural area in women. In both genders, greater adherence was associated with unpaid work and with having a favorable attitude to physical activity. No association was observed with the number of recommendations received in the last 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: More than half the hypertensive population adhered to physical activity recommendations. To improve physical activity levels, recommendations can be tailored to the attitudes of individual patients.

Estado nutricional de la población mayor de Cataluña de diferentes niveles asistenciales / Nutritional status of Catalonia’s elderly people with different health care needs

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar la prevalencia de desnutrición a través de la Mini Encuesta Nutricional del Anciano (MNA) en la población mayor de Lleida (Cataluña) de diferentes niveles asistenciales y valorar si dicha escala es un buen método de monitorización en nuestro medio. Para ello se diseñó un estudio transversal en el que se incluyeron personas de ambos sexos, igual o mayores de 65 años, procedentes del centro de salud, del hospital de agudos de la residencia asistida y de centros socio-sanitarios. Se utilizó la MNA en su versión corta (cribado) y versión íntegra (MNA total). Este cuestionario está diseñado para la valoración nutricional de los individuos mayores tanto a la admisión en hospitales e instituciones como para la monitorización durante su estancia. Se incluyeron 398 individuos (184 hombres), con una edad media de 77 años. Según las categorías de la MNA, la prevalencia de desnutrición del total de la muestra fue del 22,6 por ciento y de riesgo de desnutrición del 35,4 por ciento. La MNA ha sido validada en nuestro medio obteniendo una sensibilidad del 77 por ciento y una especificidad del 70 por ciento. Se podría afirmar como conclusión que existe una elevada prevalencia de riesgo de desnutrición y desnutrición establecida en Cataluña sobretodo en los centros socio-sanitarios y en el servicio de medicina interna del hospital de agudos. Los resultados son similares a otros estudios contrastados. La MNA es una herramienta útil para el monitoreo nutricional en los distintos niveles asistenciales tanto en el cribado como en su versión íntegra.

The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of malnutrition through the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) in the elder population of Lleida (Catalonia) from different levels of care and to determine if that scale is a good way of monitoring our population. A cross-sectional study was designed. It included men and women of 65 years or more users of primary health care centre, the acute hospital, nursing home and health and assisted social services. The MNA was used in your short form (MNA-SF) and MNA total (MNA). This questionnaire is designed to screen the nutritional status of elderly people, when they arrived to the hospital and during their stay. Three hundred and ninety-eight individuals (184 men) were included aging 77 on average. According to the categories of the MNA, the prevalence of malnutrition of the total sample was 22.6 percent and risk of malnutrition of 35.4 percent. The MNA has been validated in our population getting a sensitivity of 77 percent and specificity of 70 percent. In conclusion, it can be affirmed that there was a high prevalence of undernourishment, foremost in health and social care services and in the medicine service of acute hospital. The MNA is a useful tool for monitoring nutritional care at different levels in both the short form and in total form.

[Risk factors for total prosthetic joint infection. Case-control study]. / Factores de riesgo de infección de prótesis total articular: estudio de casos y controles.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To identify the infection risk factors in knee and hip total prosthesis. METHOD: Case-control study of arthoplasties performed during 10 years. RESULTS: By means of conditional multivariate analysis, infection risk factors with greater odds ratio (OR) were surgical risk rate >or= 2, according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.8) and post-operative non-infectious complications (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.1-83.1) (p < 0.05). The global infection rate was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.2%) of 1,666 joint implants. Gram-positive cocci were the principal involved microorganisms (63%). CONCLUSIONS: A high NNIS together with non-infectious post-operative complications increase the risk of prosthesis infection.

Factores de riesgo de infección de prótesis total articular: estudio de casos y controles / Risk factors for total prosthetic joint infection. Case-control study

Fundamento y objetivo: El propósito del presente estudio es identificar los factores de riesgo de infección en prótesis totales de rodilla y cadera. Método: Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles entre las artroplastias efectuadas durante 10 años. Resultados: Mediante el ajuste con una regresión logística condicional múltiple, los factores de riesgo asociados a una mayor odds ratio (OR) de infección fueron: un índice de riesgo quirúrgico mayor o igual a 2 según el National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR = 3,3; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,1-10,8) y las complicaciones no infecciosas posquirúrgicas (OR = 8,9; IC del 95%, 1,1-83,1) (p < 0,05). La tasa de infección global de las artroplastias fue del 2,4% (IC del 95%, 1,6-3,2%) sobre 40 casos de 1.666 implantes y los principales microorganismos fueron cocos grampositivos (63%). Conclusiones: Un índice NNIS elevado y las complicaciones posquirúrgicas no infecciosas incrementan el riego de infección de las prótesis articulares de rodilla y cadera

Background and objective: To identify the infection risk factors in knee and hip total prosthesis. Method: Case-control study of arthoplasties performed during 10 years. Results: By means of conditional multivariate analysis, infection risk factors with greater odds ratio (OR) were surgical risk rate >= 2, according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.8) and post-operative non-infectious complications (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.1-83.1) (p < 0.05). The global infection rate was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.2%) of 1,666 joint implants. Gram-positive cocci were the principal involved microorganisms (63%). Conclusions: A high NNIS together with non-infectious post-operative complications increase the risk of prosthesis infection