Assuntos
Regulação para Baixo , Proteínas de Drosophila , Entamoeba histolytica/fisiologia , Glicoesfingolipídeos/fisiologia , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Monócitos/metabolismo , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Primers do DNA , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Receptor 2 Toll-Like , Receptores Toll-LikeRESUMO
Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is made with the aid of biomarkers such as structural myocardial proteins, myoglobin (MG) or specific enzymes, creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) or non specific enzymes, lactic dehydrogenase (DHL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). We found good sensitivity (71%-50%), specificity (85%-100%) and predictive values (Pos. 77%-100%, Neg. 82%-72%) for Mg and CK-MB, supporting their clinical usefulness. In contrast DHL and AST were not clinically useful for early diagnosis.
Assuntos
Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Creatina Quinase/sangue , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/sangue , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Mioglobina/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Angina Instável/sangue , Angina Instável/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores/sangue , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/sangue , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Isoenzimas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/sangue , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
A screen for antibiotics with activity against tetracycline-resistant microorganisms has led to the isolation of Dactylosporangium sp. (ATCC 53693), a producer of several novel tetracycline derivatives. The major fermentation products, dactylocyclines A and B, were purified and MIC values determined against tetracycline-resistant and tetracycline-sensitive Gram-positive bacteria. The dactylocyclines represent the first naturally occurring tetracycline C2 amides which lack cross resistance with tetracycline.
Assuntos
Actinomycetales/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Clortetraciclina/análogos & derivados , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/química , Clortetraciclina/química , Clortetraciclina/isolamento & purificação , Clortetraciclina/farmacologia , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Resistência a TetraciclinaRESUMO
The antifungal agents lanomycin and glucolanomycin were isolated from Pycnidiophora dispersa. The compounds were active against species of Candida and dermatophytes but were inactive against Aspergillus fumigatus and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compounds inhibited the cytochrome P-450 enzyme lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, and are believed, therefore, to have a mode of action similar to the azole and bis-triazole class of antifungal agents.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Ascomicetos/metabolismo , Piranos/isolamento & purificação , Aminoglicosídeos , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Ergosterol/biossíntese , Feminino , Fermentação , Camundongos , Piranos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Janthinocins A, B and C are novel antibacterial agents produced by Janthinobacterium lividum. They were isolated from fermentation broths and characterized by UV, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. They are cyclic decapeptide lactones with marked activity against aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria and are 2 to 4 times more potent in vitro than vancomycin. Janthinocins A and B were also found to be effective in a Staphylococcus aureus systemic infection in mice.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/metabolismo , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos , Animais , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos , Cromatografia em Gel , Fermentação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Camundongos , Peptídeos Cíclicos/química , Peptídeos Cíclicos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos Cíclicos/farmacologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Vancomicina/farmacologia , Microbiologia da ÁguaAssuntos
Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Hidroquinonas/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Ascomicetos/análise , Ascomicetos/classificação , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Hidroquinonas/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A new antibacterial agent, lysobactin, has been isolated from a species of Lysobacter (ATCC 53042). The antibiotic was recovered from the Lysobacter cell mass by extraction and reversed phase chromatography. Lysobactin is a dibasic peptide with marked activity against Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Depsipeptídeos , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Fermentação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/metabolismo , Oligopeptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Oligopeptídeos/farmacologiaAssuntos
Antibacterianos , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Micrococcus/análise , Micrococcus/classificação , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Cíclicos/farmacologia , Inibidores da Síntese de Proteínas , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
A new antibiotic, aerocavin, has been isolated from fermentation broths of a non-pigmented strain of Chromobacterium violaceum. The structure 1 was deduced from its spectroscopic properties and X-ray diffraction analysis. Aerocavin exhibits activity in vitro against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Chromobacterium/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Chromobacterium/classificação , Fermentação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Espectroscopia de Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
Xylocandin is a complex of novel peptides with potent antifungal activity that is produced by Pseudomonas cepacia ATCC 39277. The complex was isolated from the fermentation broth by extraction with butanol-methanol, 9:1, followed by collection of the precipitate formed upon concentration of the solvent extract. Purification was effected by chromatography on reversed phase and size exclusion gels followed by TLC on silica gel. These techniques afforded eight components: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2. A mixture of the two closely related components, xylocandins A1 and A2, displayed potent anticandidal and antidermatophytic activities in vitro. The activity was diminished by the presence of serum or vaginal washings. No antibacterial activity was demonstrable.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Candidíase Vulvovaginal/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Peptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
In this prospective study, 46 adult seizure outpatients with suspected brain impairment were referred for vocational services at the University of Washington Regional Epilepsy Center and counseled for job placement. Among the demographic, intellectual, neuropsychological, and psychosocial variables considered, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Digit Symbol subtest and the name-writing procedure from the neuropsychological battery by Dodrill (1978) were the best discriminators of later employability. Using discriminant function analysis, these two tests correctly classified 75.0% of the group which ultimately became employed (n = 22) and 73.9% of the group which did not attain employment (n = 26). Implications of these findings are discussed in relation to rehabilitation planning.
Assuntos
Epilepsia/psicologia , Reabilitação Vocacional , Adolescente , Adulto , Emprego , Epilepsia/reabilitação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes PsicológicosRESUMO
Two novel antibiotics, catacandin A and catacandin B, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the bacterium, Lysobacter gummosus, by extraction and adsorption, reverse-phase and gel filtration chromatography. On the basis of their physico-chemical properties, they are acyltetramic acids that are easily distinguishable from others in this class. Catacandin A and catacandin B possess good anticandidal activity.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/metabolismo , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Fenômenos QuímicosRESUMO
Phanacein, 3,6-dihydroxy-1-phenazinecarboxylic acid, was a specific angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor isolated from a member of the Streptomyces tanashiensis-zaomyceticus group. Phenacein acted as a pure competitive inhibitor with a Ki of 0.58 microM. ACE inhibition could be reversed by Zn++, but not by Co++, Ca++, or Mg++; therefore, phenacein may chelate the active site zinc of ACE. However, other zinc-containing enzymes were not inhibited at high phenacein concentrations. Phenacein exhibited weak activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but was not active against Candida sp. or Gram-negative organisms.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina , Fenazinas/farmacologia , Streptomyces/metabolismo , Animais , Fermentação , Cobaias , Técnicas In Vitro , Coelhos , Streptomyces/classificação , Zinco/farmacologiaRESUMO
This 1982 study was a retrospective comparison of vocational outcome between eight state rehabilitation agencies and the University of Washington Epilepsy Center's Vocational Unit for the years 1977-1978. Hypotheses included: (a) A significantly higher portion of those with epilepsy will find employment through a specialized (i.e., Epilepsy Center) versus a general rehabilitation program. (b) A specialized program will have a significantly lower proportion of program dropouts. (c) Those finding jobs through a specialized program will earn higher salaries and have better job retention than those employing a general agency program. On several comparisons the specialized program outperformed the general agencies--higher proportion of successful job placements and lower proportions of dropouts and those remaining in process (all chi2 tests significant at the p less than 0.001 level). Placement rates for specialized programs have traditionally approximated 50%, whereas these state agencies placed from 9 to 21%. Salary level and job retention differences were inconclusive. Data implications are discussed.
Assuntos
Epilepsia/reabilitação , Emprego , Humanos , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento , Reabilitação Vocacional , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Two new acetylenic antibiotics, cepacins A and B, have been isolated from the fermentation broth of Pseudomonas cepacia SC 11,783 and assigned structures 1 and 2. Cepacin A has good activity against staphylococci (MIC 0.2 micrograms/ml) but weak activity against streptococci (MIC 50 micrograms/ml) and the majority of Gram-negative organisms (MIC values 6.3 approximately greater than 50 micrograms/ml). Cepacin B has excellent activity against staphylococci (MIC less than 0.05 micrograms/ml) and some Gram-negative organisms (MIC values 0.1 approximately greater than 50 micrograms/ml).
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Pseudomonas/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Fermentação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Conformação Molecular , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
The Vocational Services Program of the University of Washington Regional Epilepsy Center is described, and data relating to the first 106 clients who entered the program are examined. A major emphasis of the study was characteristic differences between those clients later competitively employed and program dropouts. Other study purposes related to examining client satisfaction ratings of different aspects of services and establishing whether a relationship existed between seizure occurrences and job loss. Stepwise discriminant function analysis indicated that "months employed in the last 24" appeared to be the stable discriminator between the employed and dropout groups. The group later employed averaged 12 of the prior 24 months in employment, whereas dropouts approximated 7. Associated psychiatric/addictions treatment was initially a key outcome discriminator, but it did not hold up on cross-validation. Subjects were more satisfied with individualized client services (e.g., counseling sessions) than with group activities (e.g., Job Club). As opposed to seizures, emotional/attitudinal difficulties with this rehabilitation population appeared to be the primary reason for job loss. A work adjustment or job station program can be critical for these individuals and others with neurological impairments. The importance of counselor follow-up after the initial job placement is also underscored. This program, with about half of its clients entering unsubsidized jobs, basically replicated the results of other community-oriented epilepsy rehabilitation programs.
Assuntos
Epilepsia/reabilitação , Reabilitação Vocacional , Centros Médicos Acadêmicos , Adulto , Emprego , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , WashingtonRESUMO
A new monobactam SQ 28,332 has been isolated from fermentations of a Flexibacter sp. and the structure 3 was deduced from its spectroscopic properties. SQ 28,332 exhibits weak antibacterial activity.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Cytophagaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Monobactamas , Antibacterianos/toxicidade , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Fermentação , Lactamas , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Two new beta-lactam antibiotics, namely SQ 28,502 and SQ 28,503, have been isolated from fermentations of a Flexibacter sp. They are demethoxy monobactams with oligopeptide side chains and have molecular weights of 1,462 and 1,446, respectively. These beta-lactams show a high degree of stability to a variety of beta-lactamases and act as potent irreversible inactivators of P99 beta-lactamase from Enterobacter cloacae. They exhibit weak antibacterial activity.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Cytophagaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Monobactamas , Antibacterianos/toxicidade , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Cytophagaceae/classificação , Fermentação , Lactamas , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
We performed a retrospective study of the effect of antidepressant treatment with doxepin on seizure frequency. From 47 patients treated with doxepin in 3 years, a confirmed seizure disorder and adequate follow-up (mean, 6.8 months) were available for 19 patients. Comparison of mean monthly seizure frequency during equal blocks of time before and during treatment with doxepin in doses of 5 to 400 mg/day demonstrated improved seizure control in 15, no change in 2, and increased seizures in 2 patients. The reduction in seizure frequency may have been a result of a direct antiepileptic effect of doxepin, an indirect effect because of improved affective state, drug interactions, or some combination of these mechanisms.