[Intraoperative and early postoperative risk factors of development of acute cerebrovascular accident after coronary artery bypass grafting in the elderly age.]

The article presents data on the problem of ischemic heart disease, surgical myocardial revascularization, as well as the risk of developing acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA) in elderly patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The authors conducted a study to identify risk factors for the development of stroke in elderly patients. Predictors of ACVA development in the operational and early postoperative periods were identified. It has been proven that the time of extubation, an increase in PCO2 levels, and hyperlactatemia are reliable intraoperative and early postoperative predictors of stroke in elderly patients with CABG. The practical significance of the study lies in the application of its results to predict the development of perioperative stroke in elderly patients with CABG.

[The sarcopenia: a multicomponent strategy for therapy (review of literature).]

Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass, accompanied by a decrease in muscle function and/or strength, is increasingly recognized as a major risk factor for adverse outcomes in the weak elderly. The proven Association between hypodynamia, low-calorie diet, insufficient protein intake, and sarcopenia in older individuals suggests that exercise and targeted dietary supplements may have a significant therapeutic effect on the treatment and prevention of this condition. In this literature review, we summarize available data on the positive effects of various therapeutic interventions on muscle tissue.

[Intestinal microbiota: relationship to age-associated diseases (review of literature).]

In connection with the increase in life expectancy, the number of people of older age groups is increasing, and with it the age of associated diseases, which are of tremendous medical and social importance. Such diseases include Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular pathology. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of these nosologies is widely discussed in the literature. In addition, a number of studies have shown the effectiveness of the use of probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of these diseases. The review of the literature summarizes the current understanding of the role of the intestinal microbiota in the development, prevention, and treatment of major age-related diseases.

[Correction of consumption coagulopathy in patients during open operations on the abdominal aorta].

The article deals with the results of studying the peculiarities of plasma-thrombocytic haemostasis in patients undergoing operations on the abdominal portion of the aorta. A total of 96 patients were included into the study. All patients underwent open aorto-iliac reconstructions. Of these, 32 patients were operated on for an aneurysm of the infrarenal portion of the aorta, and 64 patients for Leriche syndrome after having developed chronic critical ischaemia of the limbs. It was confirmed that consumption coagulopathy, better known as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), had already been present in all those patients as early as at the preoperative stage. The authors worked out an algorithm of infusion-transfusion therapy in surgery of the infrarenal portion of the aorta.