[Therapeutic approach to upper urinary tract obstructions (UUTO) of gynecologic nature]. / Lechenie na obstruktsiite na gornite pikochni p'tishta (OGPP) ot ginekologichen kharakter.

The existence of numerous treatment methods for upper urinary tract obstructions (UUTO) following gynecological interventions, taken alone demonstrates that it is a matter of a complex surgical problem, hardly lending itself to solution. There is no ideal operation, manipulation or procedure. It is precisely the role of the urologist to choose and implement in practice the most adequate therapeutic approach to each individual case. Urology is an interdisciplinary and extensive surgical speciality, disposing of both classical, well-tried operative procedures, and vast possibilities for performing minimum invasive interventions and manipulations. All treatment approaches to UUTO after gynecological operations used in the Chair of Urology are described and comprehensively discussed.

[The comprehensive examination of patients with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis]. / Kompleksnoe obsledovanie bol'nykh retsidiviruiushchim kal'tsievym nefrolitiazom.

Hypercalciuria is one of the main causes of recurrent generation of urinary calcium-containing calculi. 107 patients with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis were examined and results presented. Concentrations of potassium, sodium, chlorides, calcium, phosphorus, uric acid and creatinine were investigated in serum and urine, as well as indices of acid-base balance in arterial blood. pH-metry, "preliminary" and oral calcium tolerance test were also carried out. The microcomputer data analysis established that the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism may be identified in case of increased serum calcium level before and after calcium load test, the same of parathyroid, and increased urinary cAMP excretion. Renal hypercalciuria is characterized by low blood calcium level in both periods of the oral test, high basal calciuria, increased urinary cAMP excretion and its slight decrease after the oral calcium load test, by a tendency to lower serum magnesium levels in high magnesuria. The patients with absorptive hypercalciuria had an upper normal or increased blood calcium level, a significant calcemic and calciuric "response" to the calcium load, reduction in urinary cAMP elimination and more severe decrease (close to 0) of these indices after oral calcium load and normal magnesium levels in blood and urine. On a base of the "preliminary" test data the patients with relapsing calcium nephrolithiasis and metabolic disorders may be differed from those without calcium and phosphorus metabolic deteriorations. The "preliminary" test defines indications for the oral calcium tolerance test, automatic diagnosis and computer data storage facilitate physician to work and to solve problems of the patients' survey.