[Bacillus cereus is a microbial decomposer of 2,4-dichlorophenol].

A microorganism degrading 2,4-dichlorophenol isolated from an aeration pond of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill was identified as Bacillus cereus BIP507 based on morphological and physiological characters as well as 16s rDNA sequencing. This microorganism proved able to degrade high 2,4-dichlorophenol concentrations (up to 560 microM).

[Characteristics of central metabolism in coryneform bacteria]. / Osobennosti tsentral'nogo metabolizma u korinepodobnykh bakterii.

The enzyme apparatus of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TAC), the pathways involving carbohydrate catabolites in the cycle, and the anaplerotic mechanisms were comparatively studied in cultures belonging to two groups of coryneform bacteria, viz. corynebacteria and rhodococci, in order to assess their potential ability for oversynthesis of primary metabolites. It has been shown that corynebacteria and rhodococci (including those producing nucleotides and amino acids) are similar in the TAC structure and the enzyme activity, but differ in the operation of the glyoxylate shunt.

[Metabolic mechanism of adenine nucleotide synthesis from exogenous adenine in corynebacteria]. / Izuchenie metabolicheskogo mekhanizma sinteza adenilovykh nukleotidov iz ékzogennogo adenina u korinebakterii.

The purpose of this work was to study the activity of the key enzymes of intermediate metabolism in cultures belonging to several genera of coryneform bacteria, either capable or incapable of producing adenylic nucleotides from exogenous adenine. The results are indicative of an increase in the activity of polyphosphate-dependent hexokinase by the stationary growth phase in corynebacteria; in contrast, the activity of the enzyme in coryneform bacteria (rhodococci) remained unchanged. The absence of transketolase activity in the producing strains seems to account for the overproduction of ribose-5-phosphate.

[Possible role of high molecular weight polyphosphates in ATP synthesis from exogenous adenine by the culture of Corynebacterium sp., strain VSTI-301]. / Izuchenie vozmozhnoi roli vysokomolekuliarnykh polifosfatov v sinteze ATP iz ekzogennogo adenina kul'turoi Corynebacterium Species, shtamm VSTI-301.

An addition of exogenous adenine to an autolysing 72-hour culture of Corynebacterium sp., strain BSTI-301 results in accumulation of as much as 0,6--1,0 mp of ATP per 1 ml of medium. Extracellular ATP accumulation under such conditions is coupled with a considerable decrease of the intracellular content of 5'-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate, orthophosphate, pyrophosphate and two fractions of high-polymeric polyphosphates PPh3 and PPh4, as compared to the control. The activity of pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase (EC 3.6.1.1) and polyphosphate phosphohydrolase (EC 3.6.1.11) is thereby considerably decreased in the cells growing on exogenous adenine, while the activity of ADP-phosphotransferase (EC 2.7.4.1) is increased 2-fold. It was found that in experiments with 14C-adenine the intracellular content of both ATP and ADP remains unchanged despite a considerable accumulation of extracellular ATP in Corynebacterium sp., strain BSTI-301 cells.

[The mechanism of adenine nucleotide biosynthesis from adenine in Corynebacterium species]. / Izuchenie mekhanizma biosinteza adenilovykh nukleotidov iz adenina Corynebacterium species.

The mechanism of ATP biosynthesis from adenine was studied on the cell-free extract of Corynebacterium species that produces ATP from exogenous adenine, using labeled substrates. As a source of the ribosyl component of the ATP molecule, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) and ribose-5-phosphate (P5P) were tested. The experiments with PRPP showed adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (EC 2.4.2.7) activity in the extract responsible for the AMP formation from PRPP and adenine. The minimal reaction mixture based on R5P was found to include only magnesium ions, in addition to R5P, adenine, and the extract. This mixture provided the synthesis of not only C14-AMP but also C14-ADP and C14-ATP from C14-adenine. Phosphorylation of C14-AMP to yield C14-ATP was related to the presence of R5P in the mixture. The synthesis of C14-ATP from C14-adenine also took place when R5W was substituted for glucose in the minima mixture.