Buccal infiltration versus inferior alveolar nerve block in mandibular 2nd premolars with irreversible pulpitis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the success rates of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) and buccal infiltration anesthesia of mandibular second premolar with irreversible pulpitis and to evaluate the level of patient discomfort with these methods. MATHERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients, who had irreversible pulpitis in the mandibular 2nd premolar teeth, were included in the study. Patients were randomly distributed in two groups. In one group IANB, in the other group buccal infiltration anesthesia were performed. The efficacy of these two different anesthesia techniques on the related teeth was investigated with the Heft-Parker visual analog scale. In addition, with a pulse oximetry device, the changes in the patients' heart rates were compared between the groups. The obtained data were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Both anesthesia techniques reduced the pain significantly in patients before the administration (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference among the groups regarding the pain control and success rates of anesthesia (P > 0.05). Both of the anesthesia techniques increased the heart rate (P < 0.05). The increase in the heart rate of the patients was significantly higher in the buccal infiltration anesthesia group than the other anesthesia group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this in vivo study, there was no difference between the efficacies of the buccal infiltration anesthesia and IANB anesthesia in the mandibular 2nd premolar teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Buccal infiltration anesthesia caused more discomfort in the patients compared with the IANB during the administration.

Characteristics and prevalence of non-syndrome multiple supernumerary teeth: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical findings of non-syndromic multiple (five or more) supernumerary teeth in patients radiographically examined between 1999 and 2004. METHODS: Among 9550 patients, 251 cases of supernumerary teeth were found, including six cases of multiple supernumerary teeth. Patients with multiple supernumerary teeth were evaluated for age, sex, unilateral or bilateral distribution of the teeth, localization, morphology and complications or associated pathologies such as dentigerous cysts, eruption anomalies, resorption of adjacent teeth, displacement of tooth germ, malformation, migration, neurological symptoms, and secondary and periapical infections. RESULTS: All patients were male and most of the multiple supernumerary teeth were seen in the premolar region. The prevalence of multiple supernumerary teeth was 0.06%. Out of 37 multiple supernumerary teeth examined, 30 were impacted. Various associated anomalies were seen in 21.6% of cases. Although the mean age was high (23.1 years), no pathologies such as root resorption on adjacent teeth or cystic formation were observed, in contradiction of previous studies. CONCLUSION: In agreement with previous studies, the majority of supernumerary teeth were seen in the lower premolar region. That all patients with multiple supernumerary teeth were male and that most of these teeth were impacted was also in agreement with previous studies. The order of location frequency in previous studies has been premolar-molar-anterior; we found the order to be premolar-anterior with no supernumerary molar teeth observed. It was also interesting that no serious pathological findings were recorded.