Acute Ingestion of Montmorency Tart Cherry Reduces Serum Uric Acid but Has no Impact on High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein or Oxidative Capacity.

Tart cherries are particularly high in anthocyanins and are believed to have many health benefits, including reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, comparison between dosages and formulations are lacking. Forty-eight participants were randomly allocated to one of six experimental treatment groups where they ingested tart cherry or placebo in either juice (240 ml per bottle) or powdered capsule form (480 mg per capsule) once or twice daily for 48 h and markers of inflammation (uric acid (UA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)) and oxidative capacity (plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)) were measured. There was a group x time interaction for UA (p = 0.02), which declined up to 24 h post ingestion for a single capsule dose, up to 8 h for a two capsule dose, and up to 2 h for a single juice dose. There was an increase in UA from 8 h until 48 h post ingestion in a single juice dose. Overall, there was an average 8% decrease in UA. There was no significant change over time in hsCRP (p = 0.64) or ORAC (p = 0.42) or between groups in hsCRP (p = 0.47) or ORAC (p = 0.21). Our data indicates tart cherry ingestion can transiently decrease UA and not maintained with continued supplementation. Additionally, there were differences in formulations and doses indicating a single powdered capsule is most effective for lowering UA suggesting capsules may be used by those who do not enjoy the taste of tart cherry juice. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT04497077, 7/29/2020, retrospectively registered.

Increased carbon monoxide clearance during exercise in humans.

PURPOSE: Hyperventilation increases the clearance of carbon monoxide (CO) from blood; thus, we hypothesized that CO elimination would be enhanced with exercise. Accordingly, this study examined the effect of exercise on the half-life of carboxyhemolobin elimination. METHODS: Six healthy subjects (three males and three females) with mean ± SD ages of 23 ± 4 yr were exposed to CO sufficient to raise blood carboxyhemolobin concentration to 10-14% on five separate days. The half-life for CO elimination was measured breathing room air at rest and during exercise at three intensities. RESULTS: Comparisons showed that the half-life decreased with exercise from that during rest in all subjects. The half-life was also measured during 100% oxygen breathing at the lowest exercise intensity of 63 ± 15 W and found to be the least of all measured (23 ± 4 min). CONCLUSIONS: 1) Exercise increased isocapnic ventilation, thereby decreasing the half-life of CO elimination. 2) The half-life of CO elimination represents a hyperbolic function of ventilation [y = y0 + (a / x)], and so increasing ventilation by exercise reaches a point of diminishing returns. 3) Breathing 100% oxygen during mild exercise is as effective in eliminating CO as treatment with hyperbaric oxygen. 4) Moderate exercise under room air conditions is as effective in eliminating CO as breathing oxygen at rest. Thus, the combination of mild exercise, hyperventilation, and normobaric hyperoxia (100% oxygen inhalation) may be considered the "triple therapy" for CO elimination in some patients.