[Reaction of the brain to local irradiation with protons]. / Reaktsiia mozga na lokal'noe obluchenie protonami.

In experiments on dogs neurological syndromes and pathomorphological changes in the brain irradiated with a focussed beam of protons with an energy of 1,000 MEV in a static regime and with rotation in doses of 8,000; 30,000, and 32,000 rad were studied. The peculariaty of the method of morphological examination consisted in preparing transverse sections of the whole brain. With the higher doses penetrating cylinidrical or focal oval (depending on the irradiation conditions) necroses with distinct borders and a slight perifocal reaction were observed. Outside the focussing zone the tissue remained intact. The results obtained are intended for substrantiating stereotaxic operations on the brain.

[Discrepancies between clinical and anatomic diagnoses in the diagnosis of brain tumors]. / Raskhozhdeniia klinicheskikh i anatomicheskikh diagnozov pri raspoznavanii opukholei golovnogo mozga.

The presented paper contains some results pertaining to 32 cases of divergent diagnosis in brain tumors according to the data of the prosectorium of the Leningrad N1 psychoneurological nursing home of a hospital type from 1955--1977. The most frequent clinical diagnosis were "atherosclerosis" and "hypertensive disease". Most of the nondetected brain tumors were arachnoendotheliomas. The authors analyze the causes of such discrepant diagnosis and retrospectively consider some problems of treatment.

[Clinical manifestations of the local effect of protons with an energy of 1000 Mev following irradiation of the hypophysis (experimental)]. / Klinicheskie proiavleniia mestnogo deistviia protonov s énergiei 1000 MeV pri obluchenii gipofiza (v éksperimente)

In order to study the clinical picture due to inrradiation of the hypophysis by protons with an energy of 1000 Mev with the use of a pendulum technique, the authors examined 30 dogs including 27 with an irradiated hypophysis and 3 control animals during 2 years. The results were verified in autopsies and in histological studies. These examinations demonstrated frequent general cerebral symptoms, focal neurological and hypophysis-endocrinological symptoms as well as frequent lesions of the cranial nerves, epileptic seizures and nonsymptomatic focal brain necrosis. It was also possible to demonstrate a correlation of the clinical traits with the dosage of the irradiation and the time past after irradiation. The report contains corrections for using these data on humans.