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1.
Rev. patol. respir ; 18(2): 57-62, abr.-jun. 2015. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-141194

RESUMO

Las pruebas de función pulmonar son básicas para el diagnóstico y seguimiento del paciente respiratorio. Su correcta interpretación es fundamental para distinguir lo normal de lo patológico. La aparición de las primeras ecuaciones globales para todas las edades (Global Lung Initiative [GLI]-2012) supone un reto para cualquier médico encargado de interpretar una espirometría, no solo por los cambios "numéricos" esperables al utilizar otros patrones de referencia, sino por la necesidad de expresar los resultados como desviaciones de la media (z-scores) y abandonar el clásico porcentaje sobre el valor predicho. La visión de los pediatras neumólogos, acostumbrados a trabajar con pacientes en constante cambio, puede ayudar a entender la necesidad de este tipo de ecuaciones. Este artículo pretende revisar el concepto de normalidad, los parámetros necesarios para interpretar una espirometría, las características ideales de una ecuación de referencia y las bondades y defectos de las nuevas ecuaciones GLI-2012


Pulmonary function tests are basic in the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory patients. The proper interpretation of these tests is essential to distinguish normal from pathological. The first global equations for all ages (Global Lung Initiative [GLI]-2012) poses a challenge for any physician responsible for interpreting spirometry, not only due to the "numerical" changes expected when using a new reference equation, but also because of the need to express the results as deviations from the mean (z-scores) and leave the classical percentage of the predicted value. The view of the paediatric pulmonologists, who are used to working with patients in constant evolution, can help to understand the need for this type of equations. This article reviews the concept of normality, the parameters required to interpret a spirometry, the ideal characteristics of a reference equation and the virtues and defects of the new GLI-2012 equations


Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Função Respiratória/métodos , Testes de Função Respiratória/enfermagem , Pneumologia/educação , Pneumologia/ética , Pediatria , Espirometria/métodos , Espirometria , Londres/etnologia , Testes de Função Respiratória/instrumentação , Testes de Função Respiratória/normas , Pneumologia , Pneumologia/métodos , Pediatria/métodos , Espirometria/classificação , Espirometria/enfermagem
4.
An Esp Pediatr ; 54(3): 228-32, 2001 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11262249

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate pulmonary function in four patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) after liver transplantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1993 to 1997 three males and one female, aged 12 to 15 years, required liver transplantation for CF with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Three had a history of esophageal variceal bleeding. In three patients, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) before liver transplantation were over 80 and 75% of predicted values, respectively; in the fourth patient FVC was 37% and FEV1was 26%. Two patients presented allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis before transplantation. Only one patient was chronically infected in sputum with multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and none had Burkholderia cepacea. RESULTS: After liver transplantation, only the patient with P. aeruginosa in sputum culture and the worst pulmonary function presented a complicated course requiring mechanical ventilation for 43 days followed by non-invasive nasal ventilation for 8 months. This patient died 19 months after transplantation. The remaining three patients, with better pulmonary function before transplantation, presented an uncomplicated course and currently lead normal lives. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that liver transplantation can improve pulmonary function and is well tolerated in children with CF and mild or moderate pulmonary involvement. When pulmonary involvement is severe, combined lung and liver transplantation should be considered.


Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/fisiopatologia , Fibrose Cística/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Fibrose Cística/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão Portal/etiologia , Hipertensão Portal/cirurgia , Cirrose Hepática/etiologia , Cirrose Hepática/cirurgia , Masculino , Testes de Função Respiratória , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 54(3): 228-232, mar. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1991

RESUMO

Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la función respiratoria de 4 pacientes con fibrosis quística sometidos a trasplante hepático. Pacientes y métodos: Entre 1993 y 1997, 4 pacientes con fibrosis quística, 3 varones y 1 mujer, de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 15 años, con cirrosis e hipertensión portal, fueron sometidos a un trasplante hepático. Tres tenían antecedentes de sangrado por varices gastroesofágicas. Antes del trasplante, 3 casos presentaban una capacidad vital forzada (FVC) y un volumen respiratorio máximo en el primer segundo (FEV1) superiores al 80 y 75%, respectivamente, con respecto a los valores teóricos; el cuarto caso presentaba una FVC del 37 por ciento y un FEV1 del 26%. Dos pacientes presentaron un brote de aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica en los meses previos al trasplante. Sólo un paciente estaba colonizado de forma crónica en esputo por Pseudomonas aeruginosa multirresistente y ninguno por Burkholderia cepacia. Resultados: Tras el trasplante hepático sólo el paciente colonizado por P. aeruginosa y peor función pulmonar presentó una evolución más tórpida precisando ventilación mecánica durante 43 días y ventilación nasal no invasiva durante 8 meses, y falleció a los 19 meses del trasplante. Los otros 3 casos, con mejor función pulmonar pretrasplante, presentaron una evolución sin complicaciones importantes y en la actualidad llevan una vida normal. Conclusiones: El trasplante hepático es bien tolerado en niños con fibrosis quística y afectación pulmonar leve-moderada, pudiendo incluso mejorar su función pulmonar. En los casos de afectación pulmonar grave debe considerarse la realización de un trasplante combinado hepatopulmonar (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Transplante de Fígado , Resultado do Tratamento , Fibrose Cística , Hipertensão Portal , Cirrose Hepática , Testes de Função Respiratória , Pneumopatias
6.
Neurologia ; 12(7): 287-92, 1997.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9432197

RESUMO

Six patients with congenital giant or multiple melanocytic nevi are studied retrospectively. The clinical, electroencephalographic and neuro-imaging findings for the four patients with neurocutaneous melanosis are described. The other two patients had only cutaneous melanosis. Three of the four with neurocutaneous alterations suffered seizures with flexion spasms and one had partial seizures. The seizures were treated and brought under control in three cases, whereas in the fourth untreated patient, only a single seizure was seen. Three patients have developed with lower intelligence levels and attention deficit syndrome. The other, whose intelligence is normal, suffers mild left hemiparesis secondary to porencephaly. None has developed hydrocephalus or symptoms of intracranial hypertension at the stages of follow-up reported, with ages ranging from 5 and 12 years. Contrary to previous reports, we found that the survival prognosis for patients with neurological involvement is favorable after a minimum follow-up of 5 years.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Melanose/diagnóstico por imagem , Nevo Pigmentado/congênito , Nevo Pigmentado/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/congênito , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Encefalopatias/complicações , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Melanose/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Convulsões/complicações , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
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