[Metabolic bone tissue markers dynamics as criteria for periodontal disease treatment efficiency]. / Izmenenie pokazatelei metabolizma kostnoi tkani kak kriterii effektivnosti lecheniya generalizovannogo parodontita.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the evolution of the tissue metabolism parameters in the course of the treatment of aggressive periodontitis forms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The paper presents the results of the treatment of 68 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. The control group comprised 10 healthy individuals. The patients of groups 1 and 3 were treated with metronidazole placement into gingival pockets; those of groups 2 and 4 received a mixture of metronidazole and Eplan. General therapy of group 1 and 2 included treatment with Calcemin, while that of group 3 and 4 alendronate and alphacalcidolum based medicine. Treatment efficiency was assessed by clinical signs, alkaline phosphatase level activity in the oral fluid, as well as serum levels of general and a ionized calcium, phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase and and osteocalcin. RESULTS: The test results before treatment showed higher level of the alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in the blood of the patients with periodontitis vs. controls. In the course of follow up group 4 patients showed a clinical response already on the 3rd day of treatment, activization of osteogenesis and bone tissue mineralization in 3 months, and a recovery of the bone metabolism markers in 12 months after local application of Eplan and intake of alendronate and alphacalcidolum based medicine. CONCLUSION: The proposed therapy using Eplan and alendronate and alphacalcidolum based medicines increases the efficiency of periodontitis therapy, which allows for a faster relief of inflammation of periodontal tissues, bone tissue mineralization, long-term and sustainable disease regression.

[Study of clinical and histological features in professional teeth whitening]. / Issledovanie kliniko-gistologicheskikh pokazatelei pri professional'nom otbelivanii zubov.

The aim of the study was to study clinical and histological changes in the treatment of discoloration using different systems for professional tooth whitening. The study involved 76 patients. Patients of group 1 had their teeth whitened by the Amazing White Universal Extra photochemical activation system, and group 2 had their teeth whitened by the Beyond Polus system. Each group was divided into 3 more subgroups depending on the method of remineralization and the applied toothpaste (SENSITIVE ULTRA and SENSODYNE Rapid Relief). To assess teeth hyperesthesia before, immediately after and 14 days after the bleaching procedure, we used the prevalence index of teeth hyperesthesia, the intensity index of teeth hyperesthesia, and the Schiff sample. We also used a digital rating scale for patients. 100 teeth extracted for orthodontic indications were subjected to histological examination. The occurrence of hyperesthesia of teeth during professional bleaching was revealed in 100% of cases. Significant structural changes were registered in the enamel and dentin of the teeth, most pronounced during photo-whitening. The treatment based on zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite carbonate in combination with laserophonophoresis against the background of use the toothpaste SENSODYNE Rapid Relief had the greatest remineralizing effect.

Organic-Mineral Interaction between Biomimetic Materials and Hard Dental Tissues.

The aim of the investigation was to study the integration between native human dental tissue and new-generation biomimetic materials replicating the mineral-organic complex of dentin and enamel using IR microspectroscopy for multidimensional visualization and analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The conditions for stable integration at the interface between biomimetic material and natural hard tissue were identified using a biocomposite buffer system of nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite corresponding in its total characteristics to human dentin-enamel apatite and a number of amino acids present in the organic matrix of dentin and enamel: L-histidine, L-lysine hydrochloride, L-arginine hydrochloride, and hyaluronic acid. The finished samples were studied using IR microspectroscopy on IRM channel equipment (The Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, Australia). RESULTS: The characteristic features of the biomimetic buffer layer at the interface between the enamel and dental material were revealed and visualized based on IR mapping of absorption intensity for particular functional molecular groups with the use of synchrotron radiation, location of the functional groups involved in the processes of biomimetic composite integration was identified.

Correlation of Lipid Profile and Glycated Hemoglobin as a New Prognostic Criterion for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Development and Progression.

The aim of the study was to assess correlations between the lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin in order to define their prognostic value as a criterion for the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in individuals with metabolic syndrome and low body mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included the results of examining 50 patients with metabolic syndrome (group 1), 50 with low body mass index (BMI) (group 2), 50 with DM2 (group 3), and 50 apparently healthy people (control group). Biochemical indices of the lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin in the venous blood were assessed using analyzers Clima MC-15 (Spain), BS-200, and BS-200 E (China). RESULTS: It has been established that correlations of the parameters such as high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), urea, and creatinine with BMI are expressed statistically more significantly in women in groups 1 and 2 in comparison with group 3, while in men the reverse situation is observed. Besides, correlation of triglyceride levels with BMI is statistically more marked in patients with DM2 than in apparently healthy people being positive in women and negative in men.Thus, HDL, LDL, creatinine, and urea may be diagnostically significant in the assessment of the development and progression of DM2 in men with metabolic syndrome since a strong positive correlation has been found between them and BMI, triglycerides were also found to be significant because a strong negative correlation has been detected between them and BMI.For women with metabolic syndrome, the combination of a weak correlation of BMI with the levels of HDL, LDL, urea, and creatinine and a strong positive correlation with triglycerides may be considered to be a prognostically significant index. CONCLUSION: New correlation characteristics of biochemical blood indices in DM2 may serve as prognostic criteria for disease development and progression.

Contrasts between mucormycosis and aspergillosis in oncohematological patients.

In retrospective multicenter study from years 2007-2017, we evaluated 59 oncohematological patients with mucormycosis and 541 with invasive aspergillosis (IA). Mucormycosis developed more often in children and adolescents (P = .001), as well as after the emergence of graft versus host disease (P = .0001). Patients with mucormycosis had more severe neutropenia (88% vs 82%), the median duration was 30 versus 14 days (P = .0001) and lymphocytopenia (77% vs 65%), with a median duration (25 vs 14 days, P = .001) as compared to patients with IA. The lung infection was less frequent in patients with mucormycosis than in IA patients (73% vs 97%, P = .02), but more frequent was involvement of 2 or more organs (42% vs 8%, P = .001) and involvement of paranasal sinuses (15% vs 6%, P = .04). Typical clinical features of mucormycosis were localized pain syndrome (53% vs 5%, P = .0001), hemoptysis (32% vs 6%, P = .001), pleural effusion on lung CT scan (53% vs 7%, P = .003), lesions with destruction (38% vs 8%, P = .0001), and a "reverse halo" sign (17% vs 3%). The overall 12-week survival was significantly lower in patients with mucormycosis than for IA patients (49% vs 81%, P = .0001). In both groups unfavorable prognosis factors were ≥2 organs involvement (P = .0009), and concomitant bacterial or viral infection (P = .001, P = .008, respectively). In mucormycosis patients favorable prognosis factor was remission of underlying disease (P = .006).

[Effect of bleaching on the biochemical composition of oral fluid and dental hard tissues structure]. / Vliianie otbelivaniia na biokhimicheskii sostav rotovoi zhidkosti i gistologicheskoe stroenie tverdykh tkanei zubov.

The aim of the study was to study the influence of a number of whitening systems on the biochemical composition of the oral fluid and the histological structure of hard tooth tissues. The study included 129 patients aged 20 to 40 years who underwent a procedure for professional teeth whitening. Patients were divided into three groups, depending on the system used for teeth whitening; each group, in turn, was divided into three subgroups, depending on the remineralizing drug used after the bleaching procedure. All subjects underwent biochemical examination of the oral fluid prior to the procedure for professional teeth whitening, immediately after double bleaching, after remineralizing therapy and 14 days later in order to study the dynamics of calcium ion concentration changes, which was carried out with the help of an ion-selective electrode. Also 44 teeth were selected, which were divided into three groups of 11 teeth each, which were bleached in vitro. Other 11 teeth were included in the control group. The greatest excess of calcium ions in the oral fluid during tooth whitening was detected, the maximum excess was observed with the use of the photobleaching system, the lowest value of calcium ions was observed with the use of a system of teeth whitening with chemical activation. Remineralizing therapy after tooth whitening promoted a change in the level of calcium in the oral fluid, led to a decrease in the level of calcium in all groups of subjects. The use of the drug based on zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite carbonate Stomysens had the greatest remineralizing efficacy. When studying the histological structure of enamel and dentin after the bleaching procedure, significant morphological changes were revealed in the form of formation of cavity structures in enamel and dentin, as well as partial enamel separation.

[Markers of prodromal Alzheimer's disease]. / Les marqueurs de la maladie d'Alzheimer prodromale.

The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has long been considered a diagnosis of probability, as the definitive diagnosis can only be established by histopathological examination. However, the development of in-vivo biomarkers, considered a reflection of physiopathological processes, has changed our view of the disease. New criteria have recently been proposed that integrate such biomarkers as found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using new diagnostic tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), brain scintigraphy, FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) and PET amyloid ligand uptake studies. The value of these new criteria for the diagnosis of prodromal Alzheimer's disease and the prospect of disease-modifying drugs are also discussed.