Effect of orthodontic premolar extraction on maxillary teeth angulation and arch dimensions in adolescent patients: A 3-D digital model analysis.

Background: Therapeutic orthodontic premolar extraction is a common orthodontic treatment, yet the extent of its impact on the upper dental arch dimensions and teeth angulations is still under exploration. Hypothesis: We postulated that the therapeutic extraction of orthodontic premolars significantly alters the orientation of teeth and the dimensions of the dental arch. Objective: This study assessed the impact of therapeutic orthodontic premolar extraction on dental arch dimensions and tooth angulations. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 30 patients who underwent bilateral upper premolar extraction and fixed appliance treatment. Pre and post-treatment dental casts were scanned, and changes in tooth angulations and arch dimensions were evaluated using 3D digital maxillary models. Statistical analyses encompassed the application of paired samples t-test. Results: Significant post-treatment changes were observed, including distal tipping in anterior teeth, minor mesial tipping in first molars, and a reduction in torque for central incisors and canines. Dental arch dimensions were also influenced, with increased width and depth between the canines and decreased width between the second premolars while inter-molar width and overall arch depth significantly reduced post-treatment. Conclusions: Therapeutic orthodontic premolar extraction significantly affects dental arch dimensions and tooth angulations. These findings have implications for treatment planning and predicting changes associated with orthodontic treatments involving premolar extraction. Key words:3D digital models - orthodontic premolar extraction - teeth angulation - dental arch dimensions.

Mecánica de la succión: comparación entrela lactancia artificial y la lactancia materna / Mechanics of sucking: comparison between bottle feeding and breastfeeding

Introducción: Hay poco conocimiento sobre la similitud de la mecánicaentre la lactancia materna y la artificial. Evaluamos la mecánica dela succión en neonatos con lactancia materna exclusiva, lactancia artificialexclusiva y lactancia mixta. Nuestra hipótesis fue que el patrón fisiológicode los movimientos de succión varía según el tipo de alimentación.Según esta hipótesis, los niños con lactancia materna exclusivarealizan unos movimientos al mamar distintos a los de la succión deuna tetina, realizados por niños con lactancia artificial. Los niños conlactancia mixta mezclan ambos tipos de movimientos de succión.Métodos: Estudio transversal de neonatos de 21-28 días de edad conlactancia materna o artificial exclusiva (124 parejas madre-hijo), y ensayode campo, abierto, cruzado y aleatorizado, realizado en neonatosde 21-28 días (110 parejas madre-hijo) y en lactantes de 3-5 meses deedad (125 parejas madre-hijo) con lactancia mixta. Las variables principalesfueron los movimientos de succión y las pausas.Resultados: Los neonatos de 21-28 días de edad alimentados conlactancia artificial exclusiva mostraron un menor número de movimientosde succión y el mismo número de pausas, pero de mayor duración,que los neonatos con lactancia materna exclusiva. Entre los niños querecibieron lactancia mixta, el número de movimientos de succión al recibiralimentación con biberón fue similar y las pausas menos numerosasy de menor duración respecto a lo observado al amamantar, tanto a (..) (AU)

Background: There is very little evidence of the similarity of the mechanicsof maternal and bottle feeding. We assessed the mechanics ofsucking in exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive bottle feeding, and mixedfeeding. The hypothesis established was that physiological pattern forsuckling movements differ depending on the type of feeding. Accordingto this hypothesis, babies with breastfeeding have suckling movementsat the breast that are different from the movements of suckling a teat ofbabies fed with bottle. Children with mixed feeding mix both types ofsuckling movements.Methods: Cross-sectional study of infants aged 21-28 days with onlymaternal feeding or bottle feeding (234 mother-infant pairs), and a randomizedopen cross-over field trial in newborns aged 21-28 days andbabies aged 3-5 months with mixed feeding (125 mother-infant pairs).Primary outcome measures were sucks and pauses.Results: Infants aged 21-28 days exclusively bottle-fed showed fewersucks and the same number of pauses but of longer duration comparedto breastfeeding. In mixed feeding, bottle feeding compared to breastfeedingshowed the same number of sucks but fewer and shorter pauses,both at 21-28 days and at 3-5 months. The mean number of breastfeedingsin a day (in the mixed feed group) was 5.83 ± 1.93 at 21-28 daysand 4.42 ± 1.67 at 3-5 months. In the equivalence analysis of the mixed (..) (AU)

Mechanics of sucking: comparison between bottle feeding and breastfeeding.

BACKGROUND: There is very little evidence of the similarity of the mechanics of maternal and bottle feeding. We assessed the mechanics of sucking in exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive bottle feeding, and mixed feeding. The hypothesis established was that physiological pattern for suckling movements differ depending on the type of feeding. According to this hypothesis, babies with breastfeeding have suckling movements at the breast that are different from the movements of suckling a teat of babies fed with bottle. Children with mixed feeding mix both types of suckling movements. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of infants aged 21-28 days with only maternal feeding or bottle feeding (234 mother-infant pairs), and a randomized open cross-over field trial in newborns aged 21-28 days and babies aged 3-5 months with mixed feeding (125 mother-infant pairs). Primary outcome measures were sucks and pauses. RESULTS: Infants aged 21-28 days exclusively bottle-fed showed fewer sucks and the same number of pauses but of longer duration compared to breastfeeding. In mixed feeding, bottle feeding compared to breastfeeding showed the same number of sucks but fewer and shorter pauses, both at 21-28 days and at 3-5 months. The mean number of breastfeedings in a day (in the mixed feed group) was 5.83 +/- 1.93 at 21-28 days and 4.42 +/- 1.67 at 3-5 months. In the equivalence analysis of the mixed feed group, the 95% confidence interval for bottle feeding/breastfeeding ratio laid outside the range of equivalence, indicating 5.9-8.7% fewer suction movements, and fewer pauses, and shorter duration of them in bottle feeding compared with breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanics of sucking in mixed feeding lay outside the range of equivalence comparing bottle feeding with breastfeeding, although differences were small. Children with mixed feeding would mix both types of sucking movements (breastfeeding and bottle feeding) during the learning stage and adopt their own pattern.

El obturador bucal “MFS” como un método clínico de tratamiento de la incompetencia labial en los pacientes respiradores bucales / No disponible

La respiración oral desarrolla unas características oro faciales que pueden ser prevenidas por medio de la reeducación funcional de esta respiración. El obturador bucal “MFS” ha sido utilizado en una muestra de 48 pacientes, mostrando que se reduce el grado de incompetencia labial de estos pacientes (AU)

Oral respiration develops certain orofacial characteristics that can be prevented by means of functional re-education of breathing. The “MFS” buccal obturator was used in a selection of 48 patients, demonstrating that the degree of labial incompetence in these patients was reduced (AU)

Efectos de los estimuladores labiales a nivel del grado de incompetencia labial y la longitud del labio superior / No disponible

La reeducación funcional es un pilar base dentro de la filosofía “MFS” de tratamiento. El control de la función labial mejora la incompetencia labial y por tanto, la deglución atípica. El estimulador labial “MFS” es estudiado en este trabajo, encontrándose una mejora en la incompetencia labial y la longitud del labio superior (AU)

Functional re-education is a mainstay of the “MFS” treatment philosophy. Lip function control improves labial incompetence and therefore atypical deglution. The “MFS” labial stimulator is studied in this task, finding an improvement in the labial incompetence and the length of the upper lip (AU)

Un nuevo elemento prefabricado para relajar la musculatura en los pacientes bruxistas / No disponible

El bruxismo es una patología que afecta a numerosos pacientes, complicándose especialmente en los casos de potente musculatura(braquifaciales, con intensa sobremordida). Puede ser cuantificada utilizando elementos como el Bite-strip. En este trabajo se evalúa el aparato antibruxista “MFS” encontrándose una mejora tanto a nivel subjetivo como en el número de eventos bruxistas medidos con el Bite-strip (AU)

Bruxism is a pathology that affects numerous patients, complicating particularly in the cases of powerful musculature (brachyfacial, with intense overbite). In this task we evaluate the “MFS” antibruxist device finding an improvement both at a subjective level and in the number of bruxist events measured with the Bite-strip (AU)

La “estímuloterapia programada” como base para el desarrollo de un protocolo dereeducación funcional oral que nos lleva al concepto de “prevención en ortodoncia” / No disponible

El conocimiento de la acción de los estímulos, la estimuloterapia programada, el diagnostico de la matriz funcional y su codificación, nos ayudará a la normalización del llamado triunvirato funcional. En el presente trabajo, se establece un nuevo protocolo de tratamiento, utilizando los diferentes elementos prefabricados “MFS”, y la combinación entre ellos para conseguir un resultado óptimo para lograr así la reeducación temprana de las funciones orales como un programa de prevención en ortodoncia (AU)

The understanding of the action of the stimulants, programmed stimulation therapy, the diagnosis of the functional matrix and its codification will help us in the normalization of the so called functional triumvirate. In this task a new treatment protocol is established, using the various prefabricated “MFS” devices and their combination to obtain optimum results and so achieve the early re-education of oral functions and a prevention programme in orthodontics (AU)