RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Conocer la prevalencia e infección por enteroparásitos, así como determinar el estado nutricional de una población escolar infantil aparentemente sana de la Institución Educativa Nacional ôKarol Wojtylaõ, del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima-Perú. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: 05 niños, de ambos sexos, entre 6 y 12 años de primer a sexto grado de primaria. Las muestras fueron analizadas utilizando la técnica de sedimentación espontánea (TSET) y el método de Graham. RESULTADOS: En el 44.4 % (91/205) se realizó el examen parasitológico. La prevalencia de enteroparásitos fue 61.50% (56/91), hallando Enterobius vermicularis (14.30%), Hymenolepis nana (8.80%), Blastocystis hominis (38.50%), y Giardia lamblia (13.20%) y no patógenos como Entamoeba coli (17.60%). CONCLUSIONES: Existe una alta prevalencia de parasitosis en la población escolar analizada, la que estuvo relacionada con el nivel sociocultural y económico. No se observó relación directa entre presencia de parásitos y deficiencia en el aprendizaje, ni con desnutrición.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and degree of infection by intestinal parasites and to determine the nutritional status of apparently healthy infant school population that attends the National Educational Institution ôKarol Wojtylaõ in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima, Peru. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 205 children, both female and male between 6 and 12 years belonging to the sections of first through sixth grade. We used the spontaneous sedimentation technique (TSET) and the method of Graham. RESULTS: 44.4% (91/205) were made parasitological examination. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 61.50% (56/91), finding the presence of Enterobius vermicularis (14.30%), Hymenolepis nana (8.80%), Blastocystis hominis (38.50%) and Giardia lamblia (13.20%) and pathogens such as Entamoeba coli (17.60%). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of parasitosis in the school population tested, which is related to sociocultural and economic level of the settlers did not observe a direct relationship between the presence of parasites and poor learning. There was no relation between the presence of parasites and malnutrition.
Assuntos
Humanos , Alimentação Escolar , Nutrição da Criança , Enteropatias Parasitárias , ParasitosRESUMO
Isozyme analysis with 18 enzyme loci was conducted on 146 isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi from Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Chile. Forty-four different MLGs (groups of isolates with identical multilocus genotypes) were identified and a phylogeny was constructed. The phylogenetic tree consisted of two main groups (T. cruzi I, T. cruzi II), and the latter was further divided into two subgroups (T. cruzi IIa, T. cruzi IIb-e). Evidence of hybridization between different MLGs of T. cruzi II was found, which means that genetic exchanges seem to have occurred in South American T. cruzi. On the other hand, the persistence of characteristic T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II isozyme patterns in single small villages in Bolivia and Guatemala suggested that genetic exchange is very rare between major lineages. A significant difference in genetic diversity was shown between T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II from several indices of population genetics. Two possibilities could explain this genetic variation in the population: differences in evolutionary history and/or different tendencies to exchange genetic material. Broad-scale geographic distributions of T. cruzi I and T. cruzi IIb-e were different; T. cruzi I occurred in Central America and south to Bolivia and Brazil, while T. cruzi IIb-e occurred in the central and southern areas of South America, overlapping with T. cruzi I in Brazil and Bolivia.
