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1.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol ; 4(4): 478-85, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21665983

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy, freedom from ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) after endocardial ablation is limited. We compared the long-term freedom from recurrent VAs by using endocardial-alone ablation versus endo-epicardial substrate-based ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-nine patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy undergoing ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) were divided into 2 groups: endocardial-alone ablation (group 1, n = 23) and endo-epicardial ablation (group 2, n = 26). All patients had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Conventional and 3D mappings were used to determine the mechanism of induced VTs and to identify area of "scar" or "abnormal" myocardium. All critical sites responsible for VTs and points with "abnormal" potential were targeted for ablation from endocardium (group 1) or from both endocardium and epicardium (group 2). The procedural end point was noninducibility of sustained, monomorphic VT with isoproterenol. The presence of frequent premature ventricular contractions at the end of ablation was recorded. Patients were followed up by ECG, Holter, and ICD interrogation. After a follow-up of at least 3 years, freedom from VAs or ICD therapy was 52.2% (12/23) in group 1 and 84.6% (22/26) in group 2 (P = 0.029), with 21.7% (5/23) and 69.2% (18/26) patients off antiarrhythmic drugs (P < 0.001), respectively. Compared with patients with no premature ventricular contractions after ablation, patients with frequent premature ventricular contractions after ablation were more likely to have VA recurrence/ICD therapy [3/33 (9%) versus 12/16 (75%); log-rank P<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: An endo-epicardial-based ablation strategy achieves higher long-term freedom from recurrent VAs off antiarrhythmic therapy in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy when compared with endocardial-alone ablation. The presence of ≥ 10 premature ventricular contractions per minute after ablation is associated with more VA recurrence.


Assuntos
Displasia Arritmogênica Ventricular Direita/complicações , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Técnicas Eletrofisiológicas Cardíacas , Endocárdio/cirurgia , Pericárdio/cirurgia , Taquicardia Ventricular/etiologia , Taquicardia Ventricular/cirurgia , Adulto , Displasia Arritmogênica Ventricular Direita/terapia , Desfibriladores Implantáveis , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Recidiva , Taquicardia Ventricular/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol ; 2(2): 108-12, 2009 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19808454

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Left atrioesophageal fistula is a rare but devastating complication that may occur after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. We used capsule endoscopy to assess esophageal injury after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in a population randomized to undergo general anesthesia or conscious sedation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation for paroxysmal symptomatic atrial fibrillation refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs were enrolled and randomized, including those undergoing the procedure under general anesthesia (25 patients, group 1) and those receiving conscious sedation with fentanyl or midazolam (25 patients, group 2). All patients underwent esophageal temperature monitoring during the procedure. The day after ablation, all patients had capsule endoscopy to assess the presence of endoluminal tissue damage of the esophagus. We observed esophageal tissue damage in 12 (48%) patients of group 1 and 1 esophageal tissue damage in a single patient (4%) of group 2 (P<0.001). The maximal esophageal temperature was significantly higher in patients undergoing general anesthesia (group 1) versus patients undergoing conscious sedation (group 2) (40.6+/-1 degrees C versus 39.6+/-0.8 degrees C; P< 0.003). The time to peak temperature was 9+/-7 seconds in group 1 and 21+/-9 seconds in group 2, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). No complication occurred during or after the administration of the pill cam or during the procedures. All esophageal lesions normalized at the 2-month repeat endoscopic examination. CONCLUSIONS: The use of general anesthesia increases the risk of esophageal damage detected by capsule endoscopy.


Assuntos
Anestesia Geral , Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Endoscopia por Cápsula , Ablação por Cateter/efeitos adversos , Sedação Consciente , Esôfago/lesões , Idoso , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/etiologia , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/patologia , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/prevenção & controle , Cápsulas Endoscópicas , Fístula Esofágica/etiologia , Fístula Esofágica/patologia , Fístula Esofágica/prevenção & controle , Esôfago/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Temperatura
3.
Card Electrophysiol Clin ; 1(1): 201-211, 2009 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28770785

RESUMO

This article discusses how ventricular tachycardia ablation should be used, discusses which patients may derive benefit from this treatment, and highlights the best means of implementing it.

4.
Infectio ; 13(1): 43-57, 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-526208

RESUMO

La aplicación de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) para detectar e identificar Trypanosoma rangeli y Trypanosoma rangeli presenta a menudo dificultades de interpretación. Así, algunas pruebas generan la amplificación de bandas similares provenientes de uno de los dos parásitos, fragmentos polimórficos de un mismo parásito, o la prevalencia en la detección de T. cruzi en infecciones mixtas. En este estudio se presentan y analizan los trabajos de investigación básica realizados con el objeto de diseñar y estandarizar pruebas de PCR específicas de cada parásito. Los iniciadores TcH2AF/R se diseñaron sobre la base de la región diferencial observada entre las unidades génicas que contienen los genes h2a en estos tripanosomas. Esta pareja de iniciadores amplifican un fragmento de 234 pb específico para T. cruzi (cepas I y II). Los iniciadores TrF/R2 anillan en las regiones intergénicas del fragmento génico de 801 pb codificante para seis transcritos que forman la agrupación ARNsno-Cl en T. rangeli. Estos iniciadores amplifican un fragmento de 620 pb exclusivo de las cepas KP1(-) y KP1(+) de este parásito. La aplicación de estas PCR en vectores infectados y en pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas muestra que ambas pruebas constituyen herramientas útiles para el diagnóstico y la identificación diferencial de estos tripanosomátidos.


The application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma rangeli often presents interpretation challenges. For example, some tests yield the amplification of similar bands from either parasite, polymorphic fragments of the same parasite, or present deviation towards T. cruzi in mixed infections. In this study, the basic researching needed for designing and standardizating specific PCR tests for each parasite species PCR are shown and analyzed. The TcH2AF/R primers were designed on the basis of the differential gene region observed between the histone h2a genic units of these parasites. These primers amplify a specific 234 bp fragment in T. cruzi (T. cruzi I and II strains). The TrF/R2 primers anneal to the intergenic regions of an 801 bp gene fragment encoding for six transcripts that conform the snoRNA-Cl cluster in T. rangeli. These primers amplify a fragment of 620 bp exclusively in KP1(-) and KP1(+) strains of the parasite. The application of these PCR tests in infected vectors and in chagasic patients show that both tests constitute useful tools for the diagnosis and differential identification of these Trypanosomatids. Key words: histone, RNA small nucleolar (snoRNA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Trypanosoma.


Assuntos
RNA Nuclear Pequeno , Histonas , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Trypanosoma , Colômbia
5.
Biomedica ; 27 Suppl 1: 83-91, 2007 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18154248

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of Chagas disease in its latent and chronic phase is difficult because of the low parasitemia levels. Therefore, serological and molecular techniques are necessary to achieve an appropriate diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: The polymerase chain reaction based on the amplification of the SIRE element inserted into H2A encoding genes was compared with classical serological tests for the diagnosis of Chagas disease in Colombian patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An agreement study was carried out by comparing the PCR with ELISA (enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay) and IFAT (indirect immunofluorescence) tests. In addition, the PCR sensitivity and specificity were determined. A sample of 156 individuals was tested with the H2A PCR primers after a Chagas disease classification based on clinical, epidemiological and serological data associated with each patient. In addition, 97 out of 156 samples were also compared with the S35/S36 PCR primers. RESULTS: Eighty-nine of 156 samples (57%) were positive by both IFAT and ELISA and 84 (53.8%) presented the expected 234 bp amplification fragment. The sensitivity of the TcH2AF/ R PCR was 88% (95% C.I.: 75%--95%) and its specificity 92.5% (95% C.I.: 87.7%--97.2%). The kappa index for concordance between serological tests and TcH2AF/R PCR was 0.8 (95% C.I.: 73%--86%), and between the TcH2AF/R and S35/S36 PCR primers was 0.9 (95% C.I.: 84%-96%). These indices indicated a "good" and "almost perfect" agreement, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The TcH2AF/R PCR is a promising diagnostic tool for the detection of T. cruzi and is suggested as a tool complementary to the classical serological tests.


Assuntos
Doença de Chagas , Histonas/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Testes Sorológicos , Trypanosoma cruzi/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Doença de Chagas/sangue , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Colômbia/epidemiologia , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Trypanosoma cruzi/metabolismo
6.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 27(supl.1): 83-91, ene. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-475384

RESUMO

Introducción. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Chagas en sus fases latente y crónica se dificulta por la baja parasitemia, razón por la cual se recurre a métodos serológicos y moleculares. Objetivo. Comparar la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa basada en la amplificación del elemento SIRE insertado en el gen que codifica para la histona H2A con las pruebas serológicas convencionales para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Chagas en pacientes colombianos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de concordancia comparando la PCR TcH2AF/R con las pruebas de inmunoensayo enzimático e inmunofluorescencia indirecta, determinándose además la sensibilidad y especificidad de la prueba. Se clasificaron y examinaron 156 individuos según los hallazgos clínicos y epidemiológicos y los resultados de las pruebas serológicas. Adicionalmente, 97 de las 156 muestras fueron comparadas con la PCR S35/S36. Resultados. De 156 muestras, 89 (57 por ciento) fueron positivas por IFI y ELISA, y 84 (53,8 por ciento) presentaron el perfil de amplificación correspondiente a la banda esperada de 234 pb, obteniéndose una sensibilidad de 88 por ciento (I.C. 95 por ciento: 75 por ciento - 95 por ciento) y especificidad de 92,5 por ciento (I.C. 95 por ciento: 87,7 por ciento - 97,2 por ciento). El índice kappa, indicador de concordancia entre las pruebas serológicas y TcH2AF/R fue de 0,8 (I.C. 95 por ciento: 73 por ciento - 86 por ciento), en tanto entre las PCR TcH2AF/R y S35/S36 fue de 0,9 (I.C. 95 por ciento: 84 por ciento - 96 por ciento), interpretados como una concordancia buena y casi perfecta, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La PCR TcH2AF/R es una prueba diagnóstica promisoria complementaria a las pruebas serológicas, para la detección de Trypanosoma cruzi.


Introduction. Diagnosis of Chagas disease in its latent and chronic phase is difficult because of the low parasitemia levels. Therefore, serological and molecular techniques are necessary to achieve an appropriate diagnosis. Objective. The polymerase chain reaction based on the amplification of the SIRE element inserted into H2A encoding genes was compared with classical serological tests for the diagnosis of Chagas disease in Colombian patients. Materials and methods. An agreement study was carried out by comparing the PCR with ELISA (enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay) and IFAT (indirect immunofluorescence) tests. In addition, the PCR sensitivity and specificity were determined. A sample of 156 individuals was tested with the H2A PCR primers after a Chagas disease classification based on clinical, epidemiological and serological data associated with each patient. In addition, 97 out of 156 samples were also compared with the S35/S36 PCR primers. Results. Eighty-nine of 156 samples (57%) were positive by both IFAT and ELISA and 84 (53.8%) presented the expected 234 bp amplification fragment. The sensitivity of the TcH2AF/ R PCR was 88% (95% C.I.: 75%--95%) and its specificity 92.5% (95% C.I.: 87.7%--97.2%). The kappa index for concordance between serological tests and TcH2AF/R PCR was 0.8 (95% C.I.: 73%--86%), and between the TcH2AF/R and S35/S36 PCR primers was 0.9 (95% C.I.: 84%-- 96%). These indices indicated a “good” and “almost perfect” agreement, respectively. Conclusions. The TcH2AF/R PCR is a promising diagnostic tool for the detection of T. cruzi and is suggested as a tool complementary to the classical serological tests.


Assuntos
Humanos , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Trypanosoma cruzi , Histonas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase
8.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(1): 29-36, ene. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2042

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos. La ablación con radiofrecuencia ha demostrado ser altamente efectiva en el tratamiento de las taquicardias supraventriculares incluyendo flúter y taquicardia auricular, pero la información clínica disponible sobre esta última es limitada. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad de la ablación con radiofrecuencia en estos pacientes, así como establecer criterios predictores de efectividad y recurrencia de la arritmia. Métodos. Se analizó una serie consecutiva de 126 procedimientos de ablación de taquicardia auricular en 117 pacientes. La mayoría fueron mujeres (69 por ciento), con una media de edad de 50 ñ 19 años. Resultados. El 91 por ciento de los focos se localizaron en la aurícula derecha. Se realizaron una media de seis aplicaciones por procedimiento, logrando el 74 por ciento de efectividad con el primer procedimiento y total del 80 por ciento. El único predictor de efectividad fue el número de focos, siendo menor en las taquicardias auriculares multifocales (p < 0,01), mientras que para las recurrencias fue el menor grado de precocidad del electrograma auricular en el punto de aplicación (p = 0,02). Durante 36 ñ 19 meses de seguimiento la recurrencia total fue del 7,4 por ciento, el 71 por ciento de éstas se presentaron durante los 3 meses siguientes al procedimiento. Conclusiones. La ablación es un procedimiento efectivo y seguro a corto y largo plazo para el tratamiento de los pacientes con taquicardia auricular. La efectividad está determinada por el número de focos, mientras que el único predictor de las recurrencias fue una menor precocidad del electrograma auricular en el punto de aplicación (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Ablação por Cateter , Taquicardia , Fatores de Tempo , Recidiva , Eletrocardiografia , Seguimentos , Átrios do Coração
9.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 53(9): 1282-1286, sept. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2878

RESUMO

Se presenta el caso de una familia en la que la madre y sus tres hijos han sido diagnosticados de enfermedad del nodo sinusal y estrabismo. En dos de ellos se demostró persistencia de vena cava superior izquierda con drenaje en seno coronario. En todos los miembros de esta familia, la enfermedad era oligosintomática, manifestándose en forma de mareos, fatigabilidad y disnea de esfuerzo asociados a ritmo nodal. En tres de los casos se documentó fibrilación auricular paroxística. Después de la implantación de un marcapasos, los cuatro individuos se encuentran asintomáticos (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Estrabismo , Síndrome do Nó Sinusal , Marca-Passo Artificial , Linhagem , Eletrocardiografia
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