[Lithogenic properties of bile in cholelithiasis]. / K voprosu o litogennosti zhelchi pri kholelitiaze.

To specify lithogenic properties of bile in cholelithiasis as well as the effect of cholecystectomy on biochemical composition of bile, 168 patients with cholelithiasis have been examined. Fifty patients underwent preoperative investigation, some of them were followed up for 1-2 years after cholecystectomy (group 1). The rest postcholecystectomy patients were followed up for 10 years (group 2). Bile levels of cholesterol were evaluated by absolute and relative lipid concentrations. The conclusion is made on the absence of a direct correlation between bile cholesterol supersaturation and cholelithiasis as the above supersaturation occurs in healthy subjects as well. It is noticed that cholecystectomy does not warrant discontinuation of cholesterol supersaturation of bile.

[Bile excretion system in endogenous hypercorticism syndrome]. / Zhelchevydelitel'naia sistema pri sindrome éndogennogo giperkortitsizma.

Bile excretion and biochemical properties of bile were investigated in 86 patients with the endogenic hypercorticism syndrome, 78 patients with the Itsenko-Cushing disease and in 8 patients with corticosteroma. A considerable incidence of functional and organic biliary disorders was demonstrated. Changes in cholecyst contractility were recorded in 54.6% of the patients, with hypermotor dyskinesia (36.4%) prevailing. An excess of endogenic corticosteroids was frequently accompanied by a hypotonus of Oddi's sphincter (65.6%) or Lutkens' sphincter (67.2%). Chronic (stoneless) cholecystitis was diagnosed in 70.9% of the patients, cholelithiasis, in 16.3%, and cholecyst cholesterosis, in 3.5%. Adrenocortical hyperfunction was associated with natural changes in biochemical composition of the bile, such as excessive cholesterol and a relative deficiency of cholic acid and phospholipids which might be conducive to cholelithiasis. High incidence of biliary disturbances and their pattern should be taken into account in the treatment of patients with hypercorticism.