RESUMO
This report describes a rare case of a global myocardial infarction caused by severe vasospasm of the coronary arteries secondary to the administration of pyridostigmine in a patient with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). Details about the clinical presentation, the typical electrocardiographic pattern of multivessel disease, the differential diagnoses suspected in the multi-imaging approach, and the treatment of cardiogenic shock are described. The definitive diagnosis of infarction and the histopathological findings compatible with polyarteritis nodosa were made by autopsy.
RESUMO
Lung ultrasound is an easily available, reproducible examination tool, both in ambulatory and critically-ill patients, which is used to evaluate congestion status and to differentiate the etiology of dyspnea. In this review, we explain lung ultrasound technique, acquisition protocols and their interpretation, as well as the evidence that shows its effectiveness among stable and critically-ill patients. Lung ultrasound should be used as an add-on to traditional physical examination in order to give an accurate diagnosis and a rapid treatment to patients with pulmonary congestion.
El ultrasonido pulmonar es una herramienta de fácil reproducibilidad en pacientes estables y críticos que se utiliza para valorar el estado de congestión y comprobar la causa de la disnea. En este texto se revisan los fundamentos de la ecografía pulmonar, los protocolos de adquisición y su interpretación, así como la evidencia que sustenta su uso en el paciente cardiovascular críticamente enfermo y en el paciente estable. Esta herramienta debe emplearse como complemento de la exploración física regular para poder instituir un tratamiento oportuno en los pacientes con congestión pulmonar.
Assuntos
Dispneia/etiologia , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Estado Terminal , Dispneia/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência Cardíaca/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Edema Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Resumen El ultrasonido pulmonar es una herramienta de fícil reproducibilidad en pacientes estables y críticos que se utiliza para valorar el estado de congestón y comprobar la causa de la disnea. En este texto se revisan los fundamentos de la ecografía pulmonar, los protocolos de adquisición y su interpretación, así como la evidencia que sustenta su uso en el paciente cardiovascular críticamente enfermo y en el paciente estable. Esta herramienta debe emplearse como complemento de la exploración física regular para poder instituir un tratamiento oportuno en los pacientes con congestión pulmonar.
Abstract Lung ultrasound is an easily available, reproducible examination tool, both in ambulatory and critically-ill patients, which is used to evaluate congestion status and to differentiate the etiology of dyspnea. In this review, we explain lung ultrasound technique, acquisition protocols and their interpretation, as well as the evidence that shows its effectiveness among stable and critically-ill patients. Lung ultrasound should be used as an add-on to traditional physical examination in order to give an accurate diagnosis and a rapid treatment to patients with pulmonary congestion.