RESUMO
Studies in experimental models of renal ischemia have shown that calcium antagonists are effective in the protection from the ischemic insult. Thirty-five patients who received a kidney graft over a 2-year period (nifedipine group) were compared with 35 consecutive transplanted patients (control group). The two groups were compatible with regard to age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, graft matching, and total number of blood transfusions. The patients in the nifedipine group were given 0.2 mg nifedipine (10% solution) through the renal artery immediately after revascularization, and also nifedipine per os during all the study periods. Adequate diuresis (1 mL/min) was obtained in 14.5 +/- 37.2 and 43.9 +/- 46.8 h after transplantation in the nifedipine and control groups respectively (p < 0.01). The frequency of acute tubular dysfunction and the mean serum creatinine concentrations were found to be higher in the control group. Fractional excretion of sodium was not found to be different in the two groups on the first day, but it was significantly lower by the first week after transplantation in the nifedipine group (p < 0.05). Acute rejection episodes were found to be more frequent in the control group during the first 6 months after transplantation (p < 0.05). It is suggested that nifedipine is effective in the protection of renal function after transplantation.