Search for Gamma-Ray Spectral Lines from Dark Matter Annihilation up to 100 TeV toward the Galactic Center with MAGIC.

Linelike features in TeV γ rays constitute a "smoking gun" for TeV-scale particle dark matter and new physics. Probing the Galactic Center region with ground-based Cherenkov telescopes enables the search for TeV spectral features in immediate association with a dense dark matter reservoir at a sensitivity out of reach for satellite γ-ray detectors, and direct detection and collider experiments. We report on 223 hours of observations of the Galactic Center region with the MAGIC stereoscopic telescope system reaching γ-ray energies up to 100 TeV. We improved the sensitivity to spectral lines at high energies using large-zenith-angle observations and a novel background modeling method within a maximum-likelihood analysis in the energy domain. No linelike spectral feature is found in our analysis. Therefore, we constrain the cross section for dark matter annihilation into two photons to ⟨σv⟩≲5×10^{-28} cm^{3} s^{-1} at 1 TeV and ⟨σv⟩≲1×10^{-25} cm^{3} s^{-1} at 100 TeV, achieving the best limits to date for a dark matter mass above 20 TeV and a cuspy dark matter profile at the Galactic Center. Finally, we use the derived limits for both cuspy and cored dark matter profiles to constrain supersymmetric wino models.

Bounds on Lorentz Invariance Violation from MAGIC Observation of GRB 190114C.

On January 14, 2019, the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes detected GRB 190114C above 0.2 TeV, recording the most energetic photons ever observed from a gamma-ray burst. We use this unique observation to probe an energy dependence of the speed of light in vacuo for photons as predicted by several quantum gravity models. Based on a set of assumptions on the possible intrinsic spectral and temporal evolution, we obtain competitive lower limits on the quadratic leading order of speed of light modification.

Differences in clinical manifestations and increased severity of systemic lupus erythematosus between two groups of Hispanics: European Caucasians versus Latin American mestizos (data from the RELESSER registry).

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is regarded as a prototype autoimmune disease because it can serve as a means for studying differences between ethnic minorities and sex. Traditionally, all Hispanics have been bracketed within the same ethnic group, but there are differences between Hispanics from Spain and those from Latin America, not to mention other Spanish-speaking populations. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics, severity, activity, damage, mortality and co-morbidity of SLE in Hispanics belonging to the two ethnic groups resident in Spain, and to identify any differences. METHODS: This was an observational, multi-centre, retrospective study. The demographic and clinical variables of patients with SLE from 45 rheumatology units were collected. The study was conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Hispanic patients from the registry were divided into two groups: Spaniards or European Caucasians (EC) and Latin American mestizos (LAM). Comparative univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were carried out. RESULTS: A total of 3490 SLE patients were included, 90% of whom were female; 3305 (92%) EC and 185 (5%) LAM. LAM patients experienced their first lupus symptoms four years earlier than EC patients and were diagnosed and included in the registry younger, and their SLE was of a shorter duration. The time in months from the first SLE symptoms to diagnosis was longer in EC patients, as were the follow-up periods. LAM patients exhibited higher prevalence rates of myositis, haemolytic anaemia and nephritis, but there were no differences in histological type or serositis. Anti-Sm, anti-Ro and anti-RNP antibodies were more frequently found in LAM patients. LAM patients also had higher levels of disease activity, severity and hospital admissions. However, there were no differences in damage index, mortality or co-morbidity index. In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for confounders, in several models the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for a Katz severity index >3 in LAM patients was 1.45 (1.038-2.026; p = 0.02). This difference did not extend to activity levels (i.e. SLEDAI >3; 0.98 (0.30-1.66)). CONCLUSION: SLE in Hispanic EC patients showed clinical differences compared to Hispanic LAM patients. The latter more frequently suffered nephritis and higher severity indices. This study shows that where lupus is concerned, not all Hispanics are equal.

Black hole physics. Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales.

Supermassive black holes with masses of millions to billions of solar masses are commonly found in the centers of galaxies. Astronomers seek to image jet formation using radio interferometry but still suffer from insufficient angular resolution. An alternative method to resolve small structures is to measure the time variability of their emission. Here we report on gamma-ray observations of the radio galaxy IC 310 obtained with the MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes, revealing variability with doubling time scales faster than 4.8 min. Causality constrains the size of the emission region to be smaller than 20% of the gravitational radius of its central black hole. We suggest that the emission is associated with pulsar-like particle acceleration by the electric field across a magnetospheric gap at the base of the radio jet.

Retención de orina en un paciente inmunocompetente: mielitis transversa aguda / Urinary retention in immunocompetent patient: acute transverse myelitis

La diabetes MODY-5 es un tipo de diabetes monogenica infrecuente, causada por mutación en el gen del factor de transcripción nuclear hepático 1-beta (HNF-1¦Â). Esta mutación puede ser de tipo puntual o bien corresponder a delecciones grandes, y a su vez, puede aparecer de novo por mutación espontanea o bien ser transmitida de forma hereditaria con caracter autosomicodominante. Está asociada con un alto riesgo de complicaciones microvasculares de aparición temprana en las personas afectas, así como con alteraciones renales características del tipo quistes y anomalías del tracto genital, que estan presentes incluso antes del nacimiento. Por ello, está justificado hacer pruebas de detección para las mutaciones de HNF-1 en diabíticos no obesos, sobre todo, cuando existen alteraciones renales o genitales asociadas, sin tener en cuenta los antecedentes familiares (AU)

MODY-5 diabetes is an infrequent type of monogenic diabetes, caused by mutation in the gene of the nuclear hepatic transcription factor 1-beta (HNF-1¦Â).This mutation can be of a momentary type or it might correspond to big deletions, and, in its turn, it can appear due to spontaneous de novo mutation or it can be transmitted by hereditary with an autosomal dominant character. It is associated with a high risk of microvascular complications that appear early in affected people, as well as with characteristic renal alterations of the cyst type, and anomalies of the genital tract, which are present even before birth. That is why it is justified to carry out detection tests for HNF-1¦Â mutations in non-obese diabetics, above all when there are associated renal or genital alterations, without consideration of family antecedents (AU)

Insuficiencia hepática aguda en pacientes en tratamiento con metotrexato / Acute liver failure in a patient with methotrexate therapy

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Synovial fluid analysis for diagnosis of intercritical gout.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of gout in the intercritical phase can be difficult. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether synovial fluid analysis allows the diagnosis of intercritical gout. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Outpatient rheumatology clinics. PATIENTS: 101 patients with gout. INTERVENTION: Arthrocentesis of 80 knees and 21 first metatarsophalangeal joints (each joint from a different patient) that had been inflamed but were currently asymptomatic. MEASUREMENTS: Frequency with which arthrocentesis yielded synovial fluid; presence of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid sample; and, for synovial fluid with crystals, the number of microscope fields that had to be scanned before crystals were found. RESULTS: Synovial fluid was obtained from 91 of 101 joints. The fluid from all 43 patients not receiving hypouricemic agents contained monosodium urate crystals. These crystals were found in the synovial fluid of only 34 of 48 patients receiving hypouricemic agents. In 90% of the synovial fluid samples that contained crystals, crystals were seen in the first five microscope fields examined. CONCLUSIONS: Arthrocentesis of asymptomatic knees and first metatarsophalangeal joints and synovial fluid analysis are simple procedures that facilitate the diagnosis of gout during intercritical periods.

[Cholecystectomy in young women from the south-oriental area of Santiago: comparison between 2 periods]. / Colecistectomía en mujeres jovenes del area suroriente de Santiago: comparación entre dos períodos.

The aim of this study was to know if cholecystectomy rates have decreased in young women, considering that these rates have decreased in the last years in the general chilean population. The frequency of previous cholecystectomy was compared in 1582 women aged 23.9 +/- 5.8 years admitted to a maternity for delivery between 1985 and 1986 and 4943 women aged 24.6 +/- 5.9 years admitted between 1989 and 1990 for the same reason. There was a reduction in cholecystectomy frequency from 4.7 to 2.5% specially among women 21 to 35 years old. Cholecystectomy was performed at a mean age of 23 years in both groups and 42.6% of the procedures were done before the first pregnancy. An unexpected finding was a lower body weight among women studied in the second period (62.5 +/- 9.1 vs 67.7 +/- 8.4 k).

Coronary steal syndrome.

A patient who suffered recurrent myocardial ischaemia and cerebrovascular symptoms 56 months after a quadruple coronary bypass is reported. Three coronary arteries had been bypassed using reversed saphenous vein and the other using the left internal mammary artery (IMA). Coronary angiography demonstrated patency of al bypasses but the presence of an obstruction of the left subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the left IMA, with angiographic criteria of the steal syndrome. The patient's symptoms were relieved by bypass from the left common carotid artery to the distal left subclavian artery. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of coronary steal syndrome are discussed.

Pleural effusion as manifestation of temporal arteritis.

Two patients with temporal arteritis who presented with pleural effusion are reported. Both had an exudate that responded to prednisolone treatment.

Study designs and statistical methods in rheumatological journals: an international comparison.

In order to determine the characteristics of papers published in the rheumatological literature, we have conducted a survey of the seven leading rheumatological journals published in 1987; 1107 original papers have been reviewed and classified according to study design, statistical techniques, and country of origin. Almost half of the published papers were clinical descriptive studies without inferential power; both authors and editors should reflect whether the impact of these studies on the knowledge of readers justifies their frequency. Analytical research was represented mainly by randomized clinical trials (15.6%), and case control studies (14.2%). Cohort studies represented 5.4% and this seems a low figure in a specialty in need of more aetiological research. Almost half of the papers originated from the USA or the UK; journals edited in these countries published papers mainly from the same country. English language journals from other countries published a larger percentage of papers from other countries, including many non-English speaking nations. Bibliometric studies are desirable to evaluate trends in publication.