[Urinary flow in children: correlation with age, body height and body surface area]. / Débitmétrie dans l'enfance: corrélation avec l'âge, la taille et la surface corporelle.

Peak flow rate data (Qmax) are important for diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction. However, the lack of uroflowmetry studies in children, makes their interpretation difficult. With this aim, we studied 167 boys classified in four groups according to their age (G1: n = 48, 6-7 years; G2: n = 43, 8-9 years; G3: n = 37, 10-11 years; G4: n = 39, 12-14 years). We studied in all children, weight, height, body surface area, peak flow rate (Qmax) and the correspondant urinary volume (Vol). Means and standard deviations of Qmax (ml/sec) were: 15 +/- 5 (G1), 15 +/- 5 (G2), 17 +/- 5 (G3) and 22 +/- 7 (G4) respectively. Corresponding urinary volumes (Vol) (mean standard deviation-in ml) were: G1 = 123 +/- 75; G2 = 122 +/- 79; G3 = 158 +/- 96 and G4 = 162 +/- 101. We found a significant correlation (p < 0,01) between Qmax and Vol in groups G2, G3 and G4; and between Qmax and height in groups G1 and G4. The authors demonstrated a positive correlation between maximum flow and voided volume, and an increase of Qmax with age.

[Influence of proximal gastric vagotomy on the esophageal high pressure zone in dogs]. / Influência da vagotomia gástrica proximal sobre a zona de alta pressão esofagogástrica do cão.

The influence of parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) on esophagogastric high pressure zone (HPZ) (pressure and length) was studied in 30 dogs. The animals were divided in 3 groups: group 1, 10 dogs submitted to PCV with gastric denervation until the esophagogastric junction; group 2, 10 dogs submitted to PCV with gastric denervation into esophagogastric junction and 3 cm above this; group 3 (control), 10 dogs submitted to laparotomy only. In the postoperative period (immediate and later) it wasn't observed any alteration of pressure and length of esophagogastric HPZ in three studied groups.

Pressure evaluation of the antireflux ability of the rat ureterovesical junction.

The bladder pressure necessary to cause vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was measured in 16 female rats. Under general anesthesia, the ureters were exposed via an abdominal incision and a pressure catheter was placed near the ureterovesical junction. Values of bladder distension and bladder pressure increase to cause VUR were obtained by injecting isotonic saline in one ureter until VUR in the opposite ureter was detected as a sudden pressure increase. After 5 min the same procedure was done on the contralateral side. This procedure was repeated eight times in each rat with a 15-min intermission. The bladder pressure at which VUR occurred was measured through a ureteral catheter. Two groups were studied: G1, control, and G2, administration of intravenous metoclopramide (0.007 mg/100 g body weight) four times.

[Stabilization of tracing: a new phenomenon observed in electromanometric tracings of the esophagogastric high pressure zone in dogs]. / "Estabilização do registro": novo fenômeno observado nos registros eletromanométricos da zona de alta pressão esôfago-gástrica (ZAP) no cão.

The authors describe and study a phenomenon (not described in literature before) that was called "Stabilization of tracing", observed in the electromanometric tracing of the esophagogastric high pressure zone in dog. It was noticed that, after pulling the catheter 0,5 cm, the tracing often presents, during some time, a tendency in order to increase or decrease the pressure, to become finally stabilized. The study was performed in 170 tracings obtained from 6 dogs, having been analysed the initial and final pressures and the necessary time for the stabilization. The authors point the implications of this phenomenon in the electromanometric technique.

[Deep inspiration and deglutition: variability factors in the basal pressure of the esophagogastric high-pressure zone in the dog]. / Inspiração profunda e deglutição: fatores de variabi-lidade na pressão basal da zona de alta pressão esôfago-gástrica no cão.

The authors studied the basal pressure in the gastroesophageal high pressure zone in dog before and after deep inspiration and swallowing, verifying that the pressures after were smaller than before. The eventual causes and its clinical consequences are discussed.

Diverticulo de reto: apresentacao de um caso. / Deverticulum of the rectum: report of a case

E apresentado um caso de diverticulo de reto submetido a tratamento cirurgico. Sao discutidos aspectos desta rara afeccao

Inspiracao profunda e degluticao: fatores de variabilidade na pressao basal da zona de alta pressao esofago-gastrica no cao. / Deep inspiration and deglutition: variability factors in the basal pressure of the esophago-gastric high pressure zone in dogs

Os autores estudaram a pressao basal na zona de alta pressao esofago-gastrica do cao antes e apos inspiracao profunda e degluticao. Foi observado que as medias das pressoes, apos inspiracao profunda e apos degluticao, foram significativamente menores do que antes. Sao discutidas as eventuais causas desses fenomenos e suas inplicacoes clinicas

Estabilizacao do registro: novo fenomeno observado nos registros eletromanometricos da zona de alta pressao esofago-gastrica (ZAP) no cao. / Stabilization of tracing: a new phenomenon observed in the electromanometric tracing of the esophagogastric high pressure zone (HPZ) in dogs

Os autores descrevem e estudam um fenomeno (ainda nao observado na literatura) que foi denominado "Estabilizacao do registro",observado nos tracados eletromanometricos da zona de alta pressao esofago-gastrica no cao. Foi notado que, apos a puxada da sonda de 0,5 cm, frequentemente o tracado apresenta,durante um certo tempo, tendencia no sentido de aumento ou diminuicao da pressao, para finalmente se estabilizar. O estudo foi realizado em 170 tracados obtidos de seis caes, tendo sido analisadas as pressoes iniciais e finais e o tempo necessario para estabilizacao. Os autores salientam as implicacoes desse fenomeno em relacao a tecnica eletromanometrica

Utilizacao de retalho de pele escrotal na plastica de parede abdominal em um caso de extrofia vesical com adenocarcinoma. / Utilization of a flap of scrotal skin in plastic surgery of abdominal wall in a case of vesical exstrophy with adenocarcinoma

Os autores apresentam um caso de extrofia vesical com adenocarcinoma e hidrocele associada. A reconstituicao da parede abdominal pos cistectomia total foi facilitada pela utilizacao de retalho de pele escrotal e que permitiu a aproximacao do plano cutaneo sem tensao

[Variability of pHmetric parameters in the esophagogastric junction in dogs]. / Variabilidade de parámetros pHmétricos na junção gastroesofágica do cão.

The authors studied the variability of pHmetric parameters of the gastroesophageal junction in dog. The research was done in six dogs, that studied in five sections, according to four techniques (intermittent pull-through technique, continuous pull-through technique, continuous push-through technique and rapid pull-through technique), with four determinations in each of them. The pHmetric determinations of stomach, oesophagus and gradient of esophagogastric pH presented little variability (coefficient of variation less than 50%). The constituent parameters of the pHmetric profile and the pHmetric lenght of the gastroesophageal junction presented high variability (coefficient of variation bigger than 100%), except the C2 segment. Taking into consideration the little variability the authors propose the study of C2 segment in the analysis of the pHmetric profile of the gastroesophageal junction.

Uretrite cística / Uretritis cystica

Os autores apresentam um caso de ureterite cística unilateral, que evoluiu obstruindo o ureter e ocasionado hidronefrose com perda de funçäo renal. A urografia excretora mostrou exclusäo renal e a pielografia ascendente, estenose ureteral com falhas de enchimento e uretero-hidronefrose a montante. Com hipótese de tumor ureteral, foi realizada nefrureterectomia, vindo o exame anatomopatológico diagnosticar ureterite cística

[Esophagogastric junction in the dog. Study of some pHmetric technics]. / Junção gastroesofágica no cão. Estudo de algumas técnicas pHmétricas.

The authors' carried out a pHmetric study of stomach, esophagus and gastroesophageal junction in dog, using four techniques: intermittent pull-through technique, continuous pull-through technique, continuous push-through technique and rapid pull-through technique. The study was done in six adult male dogs. Each animal was studied in five sessions, having been undergone 16 examinations and having been done 4 examinations of each technique. The intermittent pull-through technique (TPI) proved to be the most adequate for the pHmetric study, because it propitiates better interaction conditions between electrode and environment. Of the techniques of continuous dislocation, the continuous push-through technique (TEC) presented the most satisfactory results, having the electrode presented little latency. The continuous pull-through technique (TPC) has its application on the dependence of the pull speed; it was observed that the less the speed the less the latency of the electrode. The rapid pull-through technique (TPCR) doesn't permit an adequate interaction between electrode-environment, in consideration of the rapidity of the examination.