RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine, in a rat model of fat malabsorption, the potency of the carbon 13-labeled mixed triglyceride ((13)C-MTG) breath test as a noninvasive, patient-friendly replacement for classic fat balance studies. STUDY DESIGN: Comparison of the percentage of fat absorption, detected by fat balance, with the (13)CO(2) recovery of the (13)C-MTG breath test in rats fed high-fat chow and varying amounts of the lipase inhibitor, orlistat (0, 50, 200, and 800 mg per kilogram of chow), for 5 days. RESULTS: On orlistat administration, total fat absorption decreased from 80.2% +/- 2.2% to 32.8% +/- 3.7% (mean +/- SEM, 0 mg and 800 mg of orlistat per kilogram of chow, respectively; P <.001). Correspondingly, breath (13)CO(2) recovery from (13)C-MTG at 6 hours decreased from 84.5% +/- 7.8% to 42.0% +/- 1.5% of the dose (0 mg and 800 mg of orlistat per kilogram of chow, respectively; P <.001). The 6-hour recovery of breath (13)CO(2) appeared to be highly correlated with the percentage of fat absorption (r = 0.88, P <.001). In rats with fat absorption higher than 70%, however, the coefficient of variation of the (13)C-MTG breath test was 3-fold larger than that of the fat balance. CONCLUSIONS: The (13)C-MTG breath test could potentially replace the fat balance method for comparing fat absorption efficacy between groups. Yet, a considerable interindividual variation of the (13)C-MTG breath test under conditions of relatively mild fat malabsorption does not support its application for diagnostic purposes in individuals.