RESUMO
Composition and structure of more than 50 sialoliths were examined to optimize the treatment of sialolithiasis. Infrared spectroscopy, x-ray phase analysis, optic and electron microscopy were used in examinations. The concrements consist of organic and mineral substances, the former ones predominating. Mineral phase is represented mainly by carbonate-containing hydroxylapatite. The structure of the concrements is concentrically lamellar, in some of them the mineral phase predominates in the central parts of stones, in others in the peripheral parts; stones with regular distribution of the mineral phase along the stone section are quite frequent. The authors conclude that search for the optimal parameters of hypershock exposure to disintegrate the concrements is going to be rather difficult because of the complexity of their structure. They distinguish two trends of this research: (1) specification of the optimal parameters of hypershock exposure and (2) combination of hypershock wave exposure and litholytic solutions.
Assuntos
Cálculos das Glândulas Salivares/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Microscopia de Polarização , Cálculos das Glândulas Salivares/ultraestrutura , Espectrofotometria InfravermelhoRESUMO
The authors observed 812 patients with nephrolithiasis who underwent 876 sessions of shock-wave lithotripsy on Sonolith-3000 lithotriptor supplied with an ultrasonic system of the stone localization. The size of nephroliths ranged from 0.7 to 4.2 cm. Large-size nephroliths required repeated sessions and pretreatment establishment of the stent. The procedure proceeded without anesthesia. Subsequent renal colic was reported in 126 (15.5%), an exacerbation of pyelonephritis in 45 (5.5%), subcapsular hematoma in 4 (0.5%) of the patients. 790 patients showed clinical response (97.3%), with a complete destruction of the stone in 446 (54.9%) and partial one in 344 (42.4%) cases. 27 subjects were treated in outpatient setting. According to the authors, lithotripsy is contraindicated in urinary tract obstruction below the stone, renal failure, chronic pyelonephritis in the active phase of inflammation, marked impairment of cardiac rhythm.
Assuntos
Litotripsia/instrumentação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Doença Crônica , Contraindicações , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Cálculos Renais/terapia , Litotripsia/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cálculos Ureterais/terapiaAssuntos
Cálculos Renais/terapia , Litotripsia/métodos , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , CãesRESUMO
Contactless destruction of urinary and biliary calculi was performed in experiment by using an electrohydraulic effect. The method used gave cleavage of urinary and biliary calculi into fragments less than 4 mm.