[A pathogeneteic approach to the treatment of vestibular disorders in angioneurology]. / Patogeneticheskii podkhod k lecheniiu vestibuliarnykh rasstroistv v angionevrologii.

AIM: To study the efficacy of vinpocetine (cavinton comfort) in the treatment of vestibular disorders in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study included 82 patients (43 men and 39 women, aged 61-75 years, mean age 63,8±5,4 years, with chronic cerebrovascular disease (1-2 stages) with vestibular disorders. Patients were divided into two groups. Patients of the main group were treated with cavinton comfort (10 mg three times per day during 60 days), while patients of the control group did not receive the drug. Subjective and objective symptoms of chronic cerebral ischemia were assessed on a 5-point scale. The results of objective otoneurological examination and auditory evoked potentials were also taken into account in assessing the effectiveness of therapy. RESULTS: The main clinical symptoms comprised vestibular disorders, cephalgia and asthenic syndrome. The reduction in subjective symptoms was noted in 71% of patients in the main group and 34% in the control group and improvement of objective manifestations in 74% and 37%, respectively. The efficacy of cavinton comfort was confirmed by the results of auditory evoked potentials. There was a decrease in the latency of the main peaks and increase in their amplitude (bilaterally). CONCLUSION: Cavinton comfort is an effective treatment of vestibular disorders, associated with central lesions of the vestibular system.

[Effects of extrastimulation on morphofunctional state of cochlear stria vascularis]. / Osobennosti spontannogo nistagma pri supratentorial'nykh ishemicheskikh ochagakh golovnogo mozga.

An electron-microscopic study of the response of cochlear stria vascularis (CSV) cells to an electric impact of physiotherapeutic parameters was made in 26 guinea-pigs. Twelve guinea-pigs (group 1) have undergone 9 sessions of bilateral endaural electrostimulation with square bipolar impulses (4 ms, 0.1-0.4 mA, 50 Hz, 20 min). Fourteen guinea-pigs of group 2 have undergone a 12-18-day course of intramuscular ototoxic antibiotic canamycin in a dose 200-400 mg/day followed by the above electrostimulation. Nine anesthesized guinea-pigs of group 3 were inserted an electrode into the niche of the round window of the right ear. After a 10-day course of canamycin (200 mg/day) they were exposed to electrostimulation (8 sessions) with impulsed alternative current (100 Hz, 1 ms, 0.08 mA, 30 min). Five guinea-pigs served control. Morphofunctional state of CSV was assessed at electronograms by analyzing cell ultrastructure and counting the number of secretory vacuoles in the apical region of marginal cell cytoplasm. In group 1 there was intensification of biosynthetic processes in all CSV cells and a significant (p<0.01) increase of vacuole number in the marginal cells (53.9+/-3.8) vs normal value (33.9+/-1.5). In group 2 ultrastructure of all CSV cells was less affected and secretory activity was almost normal (31.4+/-2.9). CSV cell condition was similar to ultrastructure of the cells in group 2. The number of vacuoles in CSV marginal cells of the right (28.9+/-1.98) and left (29.1+/-5.4) cochleas was similar. Thus, electrostimulation activates biosynthetic processes in CSV structures and enhances secretory activity of marginal cells.

[Functional sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer]. / K voprosu o funktsional'noi chuvstvitel'nosti vestibuliarnogo analizatora.

A vestibular function was analysed in 50 patients with supratentorial ischemic stroke. It is shown that high incidence of vestibular disorders in focal brain lesions located aside of basic vestibular centers and their correlation with clinical and device data, dynamics of the pathological process evidence for high functional sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer (VA). This sensitivity underlies VA reaction both to morphological and functional-dynamic impacts.