[Clinico-radiological assessment of chemotherapy for osteosarcoma received prior to surgery]. / Kliniko-rentgenologicheskaia otsenka éffektivnosti khimioterapii osteosarkom v predoperatsionnom periode.

A clinico-radiological evaluation of chemotherapy received by 20 patients with osteosarcoma at the Institute's Clinic (1999-2003) was conducted. Morhological confirmation of the findings on course dynamics agreed upon by clinicians and roentgenologists was obtained in 78%. X-ray examinations provided more information. The clinico-radiological evidence on tumor regression failed morphological test in one-third of cases.

[Ulrasound diagnosis of melanoma metastasis into the gallbladder]. / Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika metastazov melanomy v zhelchnyi puzyr'.

A clinico-ultrasound description of presentation of melanoma metastases to the gallbladder in 8 patients is discussed. Secondary lesions to the bladder presented as exophytic outgrowths extending from the bladder wall into the lumen. Echo generated by the lesions was of medium intensity and low intensity around the edge of the elastic wall. They revealed dopplergaphic signs of blood flow. Complex application of echo- and dopplergraphy offered a means of differential diagnosis of metastatic lesions and other pathologies of the gallbladder presenting as exophytic outgrowths in the bladder wall in melanoma patients.

[Ultrasound differentiation of fibroadenoma and diagnosis of minimal carcinoma of the breast]. / Ekhograficheskie varianty fibroadenomatoza i diagnostika minimal'nykh kartsinom molochnoi zhelezy.

The investigation was based on the ultrasound and mammographic examination of 630 patients with different patterns of fibroadenoma and 23--with carcinoma of the breast. Sonography should be carried out in step with menstrual cycle when diffuse hyperplasia of glandular tissue is registered. Minimal lobular cancers present most difficulties. Detection of a "node" should not be seen as the dividing line between tumor and fibroadenoma. In cases of fibroadenoma, sonography should be sometimes supplemented by mammography. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy should be used to clarify radiological evidence.

[Ultrasonography and differential diagnosis of breast cancer]. / Ekhograficheskaia kartina i differentsial'naia diagnostika raka molochnoi zhelezy.

The echographic features of different neoplasms of the breast were studied in 449 patients. The most frequent-symptoms of carcinoma, fibroadenoma and cyst and their significance for differential diagnosis are discussed. A diagnostic procedure is suggested for use in ultrasonic examination of the breast.

[Progress and perspectives in pediatric oncology: 30-year experience of the clinic of pediatric oncology]. / Dostizheniia i perspektivy v onkopediatrii: 30 let raboty otdeleniia detskoi onkologii i gematologii.

Seventy percent of cases of Hodgkin's disease and 65% of those with kidney malignancies can be cured due to application of modern procedures of oncopediatrics. More intensive modalities have to be used for treatment of generalized forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and sarcoma of Ewing. The rates of 3-year survival have risen to 70% in patients suffering acute leukemia following introduction of the new Protocol procedures. Infantile mortality from malignancies has been halved for the past 5 years (from 8.2/100,000 to 4.2/100,000) thanks to the taking of said measures and restructuring the oncopediatric service.

[Evolution of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in childhood Hodgkin's disease]. / Evolutsiia metodov diagnostiki i lecheniia limfogranulematoza u detei.

A retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 467 cases of primary Hodgkin's disease (aged under 15) (1968-1992) has been undertaken. As such invasive diagnostic procedures as lower direct lymphography and laparotomy with splenectomy were being abandoned, polychemotherapy plus irradiation of zones of involvement alone at all stages were introduced. Although generalized forms of tumor (stage III-IV tumors in 69% of cases) were in evidence and risk-adapted therapy procedures were used, the 5-year survival for 1988-1992 was 88%, the recurrence-free survival rate in the treated cases being 67%.

[Breast-preserving (conservative) therapy of breast cancer]. / Organosokhraniaiushchee (konservativnoe) lechenie raka molochnoi zhelezy.

Conservative surgery (sectoral or segmental + axillary dissection) was performed in 278 patients with breast cancer (T1-2N0M0) at the Institute Clinic in 1990-1995. Following thorough morphological examination. 148 patients (53.2%) were selected to form a clinical study group for an investigation of the role of postoperative radiotherapy in the conservative treatment of breast cancer. Two groups-irradiation of the remaining breast tissue and controls-were formed on the basis of randomized data. Follow-up continued 3-60 months (average duration-37.7 months). Local recurrence was detected in 3 out of 73 (4.2%) patients of group I. A similar relapse was detected in 6 out of 75 (8.0%) patients of group II. No significant difference in total survival rates in the two groups was observed (97.3 and 96.0%; p > 0.05).

[Comprehensive radiographic diagnosis of breast cancer]. / Kompleksnaia luchevaia diagnostika raka molochnoi zhelezy.

The echographic and mammographic features of diagnosis neoplasms of the breast were studied in 447 patients. Shows its potentialities in the diagnosis. Supplementing each other, each technique yield the maximum intermation.

[A comparative analysis of the current methods for the outpatient diagnosis of soft tissue tumors]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz sovremennykh metodov ambulatornoi diagnostiki opukholei miagkikh tkanei.

Data of examinations of 1176 patients with different diseases of soft tissues have shown that the arsenal of diagnostic methods which can be used under laboratory conditions has become wider. Of special value is the method of aspiration biopsy which must be introduced into medical practice. In obscure and doubtful cases the examination must be complex, including soft-tissue roentgenography, echography, thermography and radionuclide examination. Angioscintigraphy of soft tissues is an important method in differential diagnostics when the tumor is localized on extremities. Fairly promising is the method of magnetic resonance computed tomography.

[Ultrasonography and mammography in breast cancer]. / Ekhografiia i mammografiia pri rake molochnoi zhelezy.

203 cases of breast pathology were examined using mammography and sonography, the latter procedure yielding, on the whole, more information. The sensitivities of both procedures in cases of breast cancer were 93.65 and 98.4%, respectively. Data on misdiagnosis are analyzed. A modality of mammography and sonography application for diagnosis of node formation in the breast is suggested.

[Magnetic resonance computerized tomography in the diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms]. / Vozmozhnosti magnitno-rezonansnoi kompíuternoi tomografii v diagnostike opukholei miagkikh tkanei.

Sixty-three patients with malignant and benign tumors of soft tissues were examined making use of magnetic resonance computer-aided tomography (MRT). This method was found effective in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors, permitting the detection of tumor connection with the adjacent structures. In some cases MRT helped differentiate between malignant and benign soft tissue tumor growth, e.g. liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, lipoma, desmoid, hematoma. MRT may be effectively used in the diagnosis of soft tissue formations.

[Echography in primary malignant liver tumor in clinical and practical medical disability expertise]. / Ekhografiia pri pervichnoi zlokachestvennoi opukholi pecheni v klinike i praktike VTE.

The results of 8936 abdominal ultrasonographies were analysed. Primary hepatic cancer was detected in 27 (0.3%) patients of whom 8 (28.6%) showed concomitant chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Ultrasonographic signs of primary carcinoma as well as their clinical features were evaluated. The reliability of ultrasonography proved 85.7% which assures better treatment and ability assessment.

[Echographic semiotics of cancer of the breast]. / Ekhograficheskaia semiotika raka molochnoi zhelezy.

Analysis of ultrasonic tomograms of 228 cases of breast cancer identified three ultrasonographic patterns of tumor which included seven basic variants. Ultrasonographic features of tumor were compared to their histology. Methods of ultrasonic examination of the breast and processing data are described.