Fasting glucose: a cardiometabolic indicator for subclinical atherosclerosis on excess weight adolescents

Abstract Objective: To build a model based on cardiometabolic indicators that allow the identification of overweight adolescents at higher risk of subclinical atherosclerotic disease (SAD). Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 161 adolescents with a body mass index ≥ + 1 z-Score, aged 10 to 19 years. Carotid intima-media complex thickness (IMT) was evaluated using ultrasound to assess subclinical atherosclerotic disease. Cardiometabolic indicators evaluated included nutritional status, central adiposity, blood pressure, lipidic profile, glycemic profile, as well as age and sex. Data was presented using measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as absolute and relative frequency. The relationship between IMT measurement (outcome variable) and other variables (independent variables) was assessed using Pearson or Spearman correlation, followed by multiple regression modeling with Gamma distribution to analyze predictors of IMT. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and R software, considering a significance level of 5 %. Results: It was observed that 23.7 % had Carotid thickening, and the prevalence of abnormal fasting glucose was the lowest. Age and fasting glucose were identified as predictors of IMT increase, with IMT decreasing with age by approximately 1 % per year and increasing with glucose by around 0.24 % per mg/dL. Conclusion: The adolescent at higher risk is younger with higher fasting glycemia levels.

Fasting glucose: a cardiometabolic indicator for subclinical atherosclerosis on excess weight adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To build a model based on cardiometabolic indicators that allow the identification of overweight adolescents at higher risk of subclinical atherosclerotic disease (SAD). METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 161 adolescents with a body mass index ≥ +1 z-Score, aged 10 to 19 years. Carotid intima-media complex thickness (IMT) was evaluated using ultrasound to assess subclinical atherosclerotic disease. Cardiometabolic indicators evaluated included nutritional status, central adiposity, blood pressure, lipidic profile, glycemic profile, as well as age and sex. Data was presented using measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as absolute and relative frequency. The relationship between IMT measurement (outcome variable) and other variables (independent variables) was assessed using Pearson or Spearman correlation, followed by multiple regression modeling with Gamma distribution to analyze predictors of IMT. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and R software, considering a significance level of 5 %. RESULTS: It was observed that 23.7 % had Carotid thickening, and the prevalence of abnormal fasting glucose was the lowest. Age and fasting glucose were identified as predictors of IMT increase, with IMT decreasing with age by approximately 1 % per year and increasing with glucose by around 0.24 % per mg/dL. CONCLUSION: The adolescent at higher risk is younger with higher fasting glycemia levels.

Qualidade química e física do leite de cabra distribuído no Programa Social "Pacto Novo Cariri" no Estado da Paraíba / Chemical and physical quality of goat milk distributed in the social program

O objeto desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade química e física do leite de cabra produzido em mini-usinas de beneficiamento e distribuído no programa social do Governo do Estado denominado "Pacto Novo Cariri". As amostras foram obtidas por coletas realizadas nas cidades do Cariri Paraibano, contempladas com o Programa. Foram analisadas amostras provenientes de 21 municípios quanto ao conteúdo de proteína, extrato seco total, extrato seco desengordurado, lipídio, lactose e verificação de densidade, acidez e peroxidase. Com base nos resultados, o leite de cabra distribuído pelo programa obteve os valores médios: acidez 0,16 g/mL; densidade 1.030,2 g/cm2; extrato seco total 11,8 g/100mL; extrato secodesengordurado 8,4 g/100mL; lactose 4,4 g/100mL; proteína 3,3 g/100mL; lipídio 3,5 g/100mL e peroxidase com 70,7% das amostras aprovadas. Os resultados foram comparados com a legislação federal vigente e revelaram que a maioria dos dados atendeu aos padrões exigidos, estando à margem os seguintes parâmetros: extrato seco desengordurado (38,1%), lactose (9,5%) e lipídios (9,5%). Desta forma, os dados mostraram que a qualidade do leite de cabra do programa apresentou-se satisfatória, porém uma maior adequação das etapas que envolvem o transporte e beneficiamento da matéria prima poderiam garantir a qualidade final do produto