Dissecção aórtica de tipo B de Stanford: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Stanford B aortic dissection: case report and literature review

O complexo tratamento de dissecção da aorta ainda apresenta controvérsias devido à gravidade do caso e à necessidade de individualização da terapêutica. A gravidade relaciona-se ao difícil diagnóstico pelas queixas inespecíficas e pelas graves complicações inerentes à evolução da doença (ruptura aórtica, síndrome de má perfusão, dissecção retrógrada, dor ou hipertensão refratária). Este relato apresenta um homem de 61 anos, tabagista e hipertenso mal controlado, que evoluiu para dissecção aórtica de tipo B de Stanford. Foi abordado através de técnica endovascular com uso de endoprótese com stent para tratamento do caso após falha do tratamento medicamentoso. O tratamento endovascular mostrou-se uma ferramenta eficaz para o tratamento definitivo, com boa taxa de sobrevida ao final do primeiro ano após o procedimento

Complex treatment of aortic dissection is still a controversial subject because of the severity of these cases and the need to treat on a case-by-case basis. Severity is related to the difficulty of diagnosis caused by nonspecific complaints and by the serious complications inherent to disease progression (aortic rupture, hypoperfusion syndrome, retrograde dissection, refractory hypertension or pain). This article reports the case of a 61-year-old male smoker with poorly controlled hypertension who suffered a Stanford type B aortic dissection. After drug-based treatment failed, the patient was treated using endovascular techniques to place an endoprosthesis with stenting. Endovascular treatment is proving to be an effective tool for definitive treatment, with a good survival rate at the end of the first year after the procedure

Investigation on the Effect of Drill Geometry and Pilot Holes on Thrust Force and Burr Height When Drilling an Aluminium/PE Sandwich Material.

Composite materials are widely employed in the naval, aerospace and transportation industries owing to the combination of being lightweight and having a high modulus of elasticity, strength and stiffness. Drilling is an operation generally used in composite materials to assemble the final product. Damages such as the burr at the drill entrance and exit, geometric deviations and delamination are typically found in composites subjected to drilling. Drills with special geometries and pilot holes are alternatives used to improve hole quality as well as to increase tool life. The present study is focused on the drilling of a sandwich composite material (two external aluminum plates bound to a polyethylene core). In order to minimize thrust force and burr height, the influence of drill geometry, the pilot hole and the cutting parameters was assessed. Thrust force and burr height values were collected and used to perform an analysis of variance. The results indicated that the tool and the cutting speed were the parameters with more weight on the thrust force and for burr height they were the tool and the interaction between tool and feed. The results indicated that drilling with a pilot hole of Ø4 mm exhibited the best performance with regard to thrust force but facilitated plastic deformation, thus leading to the elevation of burr height, while the lowest burr height was obtained using the Brad and Spur drill geometry.

Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo eletrônico para atração de gotas da pulverização eletrostática em plantas cítricas / Development of an electronic device for attraction drops of the electrostatic spraying in citric plants

Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um dispositivo para promover a atração de gotas carregadas eletricamente para o interior do dossel de plantas cítricas, visando reduzir o impacto ambiental causado pelos agrotóxicos. Foram distribuídos condutores metálicos no interior do dossel das plantas da laranja Pêra, com o propósito de atrair as gotas. Assim como etiquetas hidrossensíveis nos terços superiores, médios e inferiores, em três profundidades do dossel. As pulverizações foram realizadas com e sem carga, combinadas com a presença e ausência do dispositivo proposto. A eficiência da pulverização eletrostática e do dispositivo proposto foi baseada na densidade de gotas que variou de 112 a 147 gotas cm-2 sem e com carga, respectivamente, e na cobertura que variou de 10,7% a 12, 1% na parte inferior e superior, nas diferentes regiões da planta, não ocorrendo diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Em todas as condições estudadas, a maior densidade de gotas e a maior cobertura foram obtidas na parte externa do dossel.

This study aimed to develop a device to promote the attraction of electrically charged droplets to the inner part of the citrus plants, to reduce the environmental impact caused by pesticides. Metallic conductors were distributed in the inner part of the orange Pear canopy, in order to attract the droplets. Water sensitive papers were distributed onto the upper, middle and bottom part of the plant, at three different depths of the canopy. The spraying was performed with and without charging, combined with the presence and absence of the proposed device. The efficiency of electrostatic spraying and the mechanism proposed was based onto the droplets density ranging from 112.08 to 146.76 cm- 2 droplets with and without charging, respectively, and onto the coverage ranged from 10.75 to 12.12 % in the inner and superior part, in different regions of the plant, not occurring significant difference between the treatments. In all conditions studied, the highest droplets density and coverage were obtained on the outer part of the canopy.

Variabilidade espacial de atributos químicos e produtividade da cultura do café em duas safras agrícolas / Spatial variability of chemical attributes and coffee productivity in two harvests

O emprego da Agricultura de Precisão pode ser uma das alternativas para o país continuar com a liderança mundial de café, por meio da competitividade nos custos e na qualidade do produto. Objetiva-se com este trabalho, avaliar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos do solo e da produtividade da cultura do cafeeiro em duas safras agrícolas. Amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0,0-0,2 m, nos pontos de cruzamento de uma malha com intervalos regulares de 25 m, perfazendo um total de 68 pontos em uma área de 6,2 ha. Os frutos de quatro plantas, em torno dos pontos de cruzamento da malha, foram coletados para o cálculo da produtividade média por planta. A dependência espacial encontrada para os atributos químicos e produtividade da cultura do café, bem como a semelhança de comportamento dos atributos estudados nas diferentes safras, permite inferir que o efeito de bianuidade não interferiu na variabilidade espacial da cultura do café. A grande amplitude nos atributos químicos justifica o estudo da aplicação diferenciada e localizada de fertilizantes na lavoura cafeeira. A regressão linear espacial mostrou comportamento semelhante da variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos e produtividade da cultura do café nas duas safras estudadas.

Precision agriculture is one of the alternatives that may help maintaining the Brazilian international leadership in coffee production by reducing production costs and increasing competitiveness and product quality. Assessing the spatial variability of soil attributes has a crucial importance for the application of precision agriculture techniques. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil chemical attributes and coffee yield in two agricultural seasons. Soil samples were collected in a depth of 0.0-0.2 m, at the crossing points of a regular grid, comprising a total of 68 points located at 25 m-intervals in an area of 6.2 ha. Fruits of four coffee plants around the soil sampling points were collected and the average yield per plant was calculated. The spatial dependence found for chemical attributes and coffee yield as well as the similar behavior of the attributes studied in the different agricultural seasons indicates that the bi-annuity effect did not intervene with the spatial variability of the crop. The large amplitude found for soil chemical attributes justifies to study the differentiated and localized application of fertilizers in coffee plantations. The spatial linear regression showed a similar spatial variability in both chemical attributes and coffee yield in the two studied seasons.