[Impaired gustatory sensitivity of the tongue to table salt as a risk factor of arterial hypertension].

The study included 630 patients with verified diagnosis of arterial hypertension (AH) in whom 24 hr AP monitoring was performed, threshold gustatory sensitivity of the tongue to table salt (TGS) measured, and habit to add salt to the cooked food evaluated. Measurement of Na in daily urine of 442 patients was followed by estimation of salt consumption. The results were compared with those obtained in 100 patients with newly diagnosed AH. The control group comprised 288 subjects. TGS in AH patients was significantly higher than in controls and directly related to clinical features of the disease, high AP values, age, smoking habits, hypercholesterolemia, abdominal-type obesity, and hereditary predisposition. TGS positively correlated with daily urinary excretion of NaCl (r = 0.4-0.7; p < 0.05-0.01). High TGS decreased under effect of hypotensive therapy.

[Arteriolar circulation and arterial pressure in patients with essential hypertension].

Arteriolar circulation and its relationship with arterial pressure were studied in 127 patients with essential hypertension and 63 healthy subjects using continuous US dopplerography of the microcirculatory system at rest. Linear arteriolar blood flow rate was measured in healthy subjects and 47 patients before and after primary indapamide therapy. It was found to equal 17.7 (mean 9.1) cm/s in systole and 8.7 cm/s in diastole in the patients versus 12.2 (7.3) and 4.3 respectively in the healthy subjects (p = 0.005) giving indirect evidence of narrowed diameter of arterioles. Arteriolar circulation was shown to depend on the duration of arterial hypertension. Both AP and linear arteriolar blood flow rate decreased under effect of hypotensive therapy but there was no significant correlation between the two parameters.

[Specific features of endogenous autorosette formation in the peripheral blood of cancer patients].

The nature and rate of endogenous autorosette formation were investigated in peripheral blood from cancer patients. Both neutrophils, monocytes and platelets were involved. The latter lysed red blood cells. Thrombotic autorosette levels rose as the number of lymphocytes was falling and metastases appeared.

[Differential diagnosis of linked parasystole and extrasystole]. / Differentsial'naia diagnostika parasistolii stseplennogo tipa i ékstrasistolii.

The differentiation between linked parasystole and extrasystole was based on functional tests with exercise and atropin as stimuli. A total of 116 patients (71 with parasystole and 45 with extrasystole) were investigated. Two mechanisms involved in parasystole with fixed links between ectopic complexes were identified: 1) a mechanism of simple quantitative correlation between two pace-makers, 2) a mechanism of the principal pace-maker being discharged with impulses from the parasystolic one. Extrasystole is based on the trigger mechanism of relationship between ectopic excitation and the impulse from the principal pace-maker. Prolonged ECG recording established limits for the maximum interval of links between monotopic extrasystoles and the interectopic interval for paired extrasystole. Extrasystole was shown to be incapable of generating a pace of its own, i.e. a succession of three or more ectopic complexes of similar morphology.

[Evaluation of cardiac output in pathological arteriovenous blood shunt]. / Otsenka serdechnogo vybrosa pri patologicheskom arteriovenoznom sbrose krovi.

The paper is concerned with the development of quantitative determination by thermodilution of cardiac output and abnormal arteriovenous blood shunt in patients with congenital heart diseases. A method for graphic analysis of the curves on the basis of revealed standard ratios of the descending part heights is proposed. It allows one to obtain the values of left-right shunts similar to those attainable by the method of Fick.

[Electrocardiographic classification of total atrioventricular block]. / Elektrokardiograficheskaia klassifikatsiia polnoi atrio-ventrikuliarnoi blokady.

The introduced systematization of full atrioventricular blocks is a new method of analysis of ECG data in such patients. Singling out the arrhythmic form of a full atrioventricular block serves as a means of early diagnosis of the possible complications of making the prognosis of the patient's state, and as a method of choice of surgical or medical treatment; it permits timely implantation of a pacemaker, reduces the period of examination and therapy, which ensures an economic effect.

[Relationship between the curve of the instantaneous pressure gradients and the enveloping heart sound]. / Sviaz' mezhdu krivoi mgnovennykh gradientov davleniia i ogibaiushchei serdechnogo shuma

The curve of instantaneous pressure gradients between the communicating chambers of the heart represents the "enveloping" one of the cardiac sounds. This curve is proportional to the curve of the instantaneous rates of the blood flow in the given area of the system. Consequently, the higher the pressure gradient, the greater the rate of the blood flow and the greater the oscillation range on the phonocardiogram.