[Changes in lipids of granulation fibrous tissue in rats at various doses and routes of melatonin administration].

The experimental data indicate that melatonin actively influences time-causes of changes of lipid content in rats tissue during the inflammation process. Its effect depends on a dose, modes of administration (intraperitonial, hypodermic or local) and duration of treatment. A single dose intraperitonial administration of melatonin (4 mg/kg) did not influence lipid content in the granular-fibrose tissue, while repeated injections of this hormone limited the increase in contents of lipids and phospholipids at the 5th and 8th days of regeneration. Long-term subcutaneous injections of melatonin caused distinct changes of lipids: at the dose of 0.3 mg/kg it prevented, and at the dose of 4 mg/kg it promoted the increase of lipid content in the granular-fibrose tissue. Local application of a melatonin solution (1.5 mg/ml) at early periods of regeneration caused insignificant changes of total lipids and total phospholipids in the granular-fibrose tissue. However, the higher concentration (15 mg/ml) of melatonin caused the decrease of total lipids due to reduced content of cholesterol and triglycerides and the increase of total phospholipids and some of their fractions.

Changes in wound field lipids in rat skin.

Intricate dynamics of lipid transformations was detected in rat skin wound field during regeneration. The content of lipids increased in the granulation fibrous tissue during the early period of regeneration and decreased later. On day 23 the regeneration process was over, the formed scar tissue differed from intact skin by the content of many lipid fractions. in the crust and skin sites adjacent to the wound the regeneration was associated with significant changes in the lipid composition.

Biochemical indexes of the skin and blood melatonin concentration in rats during acute stress and treatment with exogenous melatonin.

We studied the effect of acute stress on serum melatonin concentration, content of major components in the connective tissue (uronic acids, hexosamines, and hydroxyproline), and beta-galactosidase activity in the skin of rats with different activity in the open-field test receiving intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline or melatonin. Acute stress intensified catabolism of carbohydrate components and affected characteristics of the main skin biopolymers. The content of uronic acids in connective tissue carbohydrates decreased. Collagen structures of the skin underwent less pronounced changes. The observed changes were similar in behaviorally active and passive animals. Administration of melatonin increased the contents of uronic acids and hexosamines in the skin. Pretreatment with melatonin prevented the decrease in the content of glycosaminoglycans in rat skin during acute stress.

Phospholipid composition of granulation and fibrous tissues in rats after local application of melatonin.

We studied the effect of melatonin applied locally in doses of 1.5 and 15 mg/ml on the phospholipid composition of granulation and fibrous tissues in rats at various stages of regeneration. Melatonin (especially in a dose of 1.5 mg/ml) increased the total phospholipid content on day 8 of regeneration, which was primarily related to accumulation of ethanolamine- and serine-containing fractions. Melatonin in a dose of 15 mg/ml increased the concentration of choline-containing fractions on day 5 of regeneration.

[Effect of parenteral administration of melatonin on the biochemical composition of the rat granulation tissue]. / Vliianie parenteral'nogo vvedeniia melatonina na biokhimicheskii sostav granuliatsionno-fibroznoi tkani krys.

The influence of long term parenteral melatonin administration on the biochemical composition of granulation tissue of surgical wounds in rats during healing was investigated. Physiological solution and solutions containing various concentrations of melatonin were subcutaneously injected to the animals within 3 weeks. Control and injected animals were wounded. Samples of gramilation tissue were investigated on the 5-th and the 8-th day of healing. The contents of oxyprolin, uronic acids, hexosamines, total lipids and their fractions, fractional composition of glycosaminoglicans and proteins composition of salt extracts were determined in the se samples. Repeated injections during three weeks caused the changes in biochemical composition of researched samples which were characteristic for stressful reaction of connective tissue. The specific changes are most expressed at long term introduction of a physiological solution to animals. The introduction of melatonin during similar period cansed protective effect, partially defending biochemical composition of granulation tissue from changes, which were induced by stressful situation.

[Effect of melatonin on wound healing and various biochemical characteristics of granulation-fibrous tissue in rats]. / Vliianie melatonina na zazhivlenie ran i nekotorye biokhimicheskie kharakteristiki granuliatsionno-fibroznoi tkani krys.

The influence of melatonin application on wounds healing and biochemical composition of rat regenerating granulation tissue was studied. Melatonin decreased healing rate of wounds. The differences in electrophoretic pattern of proteins extracted by neutral saline solutions were detected. Melatonin increased quantity of neutral soluble collagen fraction and gene expression of minor types of collagen in normal skin. Spectrum of glycosaminoglycans' was changed, and earlier increase of chondroitinsulfats induced by administration of melatonin was observed.

[Lipid parameters of the skin, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata during immersion stress in rats]. / Lipidnye pokazateli kozhi, mozzhechka i prodolgovatogo mozga pri vodno-immersionnom stress u krys.

The influence of short-form water immersion stress of rats on lipids in the skin, the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata was studied. The level of total lipids and absolute and relative contents of the main lipid fractions (phospholipids, nonesterified cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol esters) were measured. Stress induced delayed changes of the lipid component of the skin. The first significant changes of lipid fractions were only observed 20 h later after the stress procedure. These changes were retained (being at nearly constant levels) till the end of the second day. The decrease in contents of total lipids and esterified cholesterol was revealed in the cerebellum of stressed rats (in comparison to these levels in control rats). These results suggest the involvement of cholesterol metabolic system in the stress reaction. The content of total lipids decreased also in the medulla oblongata. However, levels of the main lipid fractions changed differently. The content of diglycerides increased and the content of cholesterol decreased. The data obtained suggest that degradation of triglycerides is the principle pathway of metabolic conversions of lipids. Free fatty acids formed during these processes are probably involved in the synthesis of phospholipids and cholesterol esters. The data indicate absolutely different mechanisms of interrelations between individual lipid fractions in the brain regions studied. Various roles of the brain structures in the stress response of the body may account for the differences revealed.

[The diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer metastases]. / Diagnostika i lechenie metastazov raka mochevogo puzyria.

The study included 27 patients with regional and distant metastases of bladder cancer. Regional and distant metastases were detected in 12 (44.4%) and 15 (55.6%) patients, respectively. Basic treatment consisted in chemotherapy (MVAC scheme) which combined with reaferon immunotherapy. Chemoimmunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy was used in 8 patients to relieve pain caused by the metastases. The response was seen in 37% of patients with regional metastases and 22% of patients with distant ones. The former and the latter were followed up for 15.9 and 9.3 months, respectively.

[Comparative study of the features of protein composition of human aorta tunica media]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie osobennostei belkovogo sostava srednei obolochki aorty cheloveka.

A preliminary two-dimensional map of human aorta tunica media proteins comprising 280 polypeptide fractions has been constructed. Individual protein fractions were characterized in terms of molecular masses and relative electrophoretic mobility; the resulting values were stored in the "protein" data base. Using co-electrophoresis, the positions of certain tunica media proteins (light chains, myosin, tropomyosin, actin, albumin) was determined. The two-dimensional map was used to compare tunica media proteins with their human cardiac muscle counterparts.

[Changes in human skeletal muscle proteins during autolysis studied by two-dimensional electrophoresis]. / Izuchenie izmeneniia belkov skeletnoi myshtsy cheloveka v protsesse autoliza metodom dvukhmernogo élektroforeza.

More than 100 various fractions were detected in human skeletal muscle proteins analyzed by O'Farrell two-dimensional electrophoresis. Main proteins were maintained well in individual preparations of muscle tissue after their storage within 4 days at 20 degrees. The protein fractions with molecular mass of 140-150 kD as well as alteration of other muscle proteins were found on electrophoregramms within 6 days of storage.

[Study of rat liver mitochondrial proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis]. / Izuchenie belkov mitokhondrii pecheni krys metodom dvumernogo élektroforeza.

About 50 protein fractions with molecular mass 15-158 kDa were detected in purified mitochondria isolated from rat liver homogenate after two-dimensional electrophoresis performed as described by O'Farrell. Individual spots, corresponding to proteins of inner mitochondrial membrane, disappeared from electrophoregrams as a result of incubation of the isolated mitochondria at 37 degrees and pH 7.5. Degradation of these proteins was augmented if ATP was added into incubation mixtures. Intrinsic proteolytic activity occurred in rat liver mitochondria as shown by these and previously obtained data.

[Highly-efficient apparatus for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis]. / Vysokoproizvoditel'nyi pribor dlia dvukhmernogo élektroforeza v geliakh.

An apparatus for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis described enabled to analyze 18 samples simultaneously. The apparatus included a device for electrophoresis in small columns of a gel (A), a device (B) for formation of 18 gel plates and a device (C) for staining and washing of the plates. In order to choose the most optimal conditions for fractionation all the parts of the apparatus are separated by reciprocally perpendicular partitions into sections, which allow to use various buffer systems simultaneously. Results of heart muscle proteins fractionation, carried out in the apparatus on the basis of O'Farrell and Laemmly procedures, are presented.

[Protective role of phospholipids in the enzymatic degradation of mitochondrial membrane proteins]. / Zashchitnaia rol' fosfolipidov pri énzimaticheskoi degradatsii belkov mitokhondrial' nykh membran.

Composition of phospholipid preparations, isolated from rat liver mitochondria, was studied within various periods of incubation of the organelles obtained including 2 days interval. Distinct decrease in relative content of sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine was observed in the preparations during the incubation. At the same time, fractions of lysophospholipids and cardiolipin were markedly increased. Studies were carried out on the effect of the phospholipid fractions on hydrolysis of the protein component of mitochondrial membranes by lysosomal hydrolases and pronase. The phospholipids possessed protective functions in the system with the proteinases and mitochondrial membranes. The data obtained suggest that impairment of the phospholipid component appears to precede the proteolysis of proteins in mitochondrial membranes.

[Intramitochondrial proteolytic activity of rat liver]. / Vnutrimitokhondrial'naia proteoliticheskaia aktivnost' pecheni krys.

Highly purified mitochondria and lysosomes are isolated from rat liver homogenate. pH optimum of proteolytic activity with respect to proteins of own structures and to mitochondrial structural protein is investigated. The purification of mitochondria from lysosomes is found to be accompanied by the change of proteolytic activity pH optimum from 5.0 to 6.0 in coarse and purified mitochondria respectively. Comparative study of structural protein hydrolysis products with enzyme preparations from purified mitochondria and lysosomes has revealed differences in the spectrum of the reaction products. The data obtained suggest a presence of a proteolytic enzyme in rat liver mitochondria.

[Proteolytic activity in rat liver mitochondria]. / Proteoliticheskaia aktivnost' v mitokhondriiakh pecheni krys.

An enzymatic fraction, possessing the proteolytic activity, was isolated from destructed rat liver mitochondria. The preparation obtained exhibited the distinct activity with membrane proteins and mitochondrial structural proteins used as substrates and dissolved in solutions, containing EDTA and sodium dodecylsulphate, respectively. The proteolytic activity was shown to be due to protease, found in the preparation of mitochondria; it did not depend on the contamination by lysosomal cathepsins.