[Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (clinical cases)].

OBJECTIVE: to analyze two female cases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The first patient presented with bilateral panuveitis and unilateral keratomalacia (left eye). For the latter, blepharorrhaphy was performed. Methylprednisolone (Metypred) and azathioprine pulses, subsequently switched to oral therapy, caused regression of uveitis. In 1 month the patient was operated for retinal detachment and associated cataract in her right eye. The second patient presented with bilateral detachment of neuroepithelium. Complete reattachment in both eyes was achieved with Metypred pulses followed by oral prednisolone and azathioprine. Bilateral panuveitis with pupil occlusion developed 6 months after the cessation of prednisolone, however, began to resolve as soon as the treatment was resumed. RESULTS: Timely diagnosis and combination pulse therapy (methylprednisolone and azathioprine) enabled rapid resolution of acute condition. CONCLUSIONS: Pulse Metypred is the mainstay of the treatment of VKH syndrome. Supplementing the treatment of autoimmune uveitis with low doses of azathioprine slows progression of the disease and minimizes prednisolone-induced side effects. It is important that VKH patients are treated with pathogenetic therapy in close cooperation with an immunologist. Long-term monitoring (not less than 2-3 years) is also necessary.

[Treatment for knee osteoarthritis in patients with oxalate nephropathy].

AIM: To elucidate the safety profile and symptom-modifying effect of Alflutop and diacerein in the treatment of Kellgren-Lawrence Stages II-III knee osteoarthrosis (OA) in patients with oxalate nephropathy and Stages I-II chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to refine the effect of these drugs on urinary syndrome and renal function as compared to a response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs--cyclooxygenase inhibitors (diclofenac). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This open-label comparative randomized trial enrolled 86 female patients with Kellgren-Lawrence Stages II-III primary gonarthritis concurrent with oxalate nephropathy and Stages I-II CKD. The patients were randomized into 3 groups: 1) 20 patients took diclofenac sodium 100 mg/day; 2) 30 received a complex pharmaceutical on the basis of glycozaminoglycans Alflutop injection 1 ml per day for 20 days, then 2 ml intraartricular twice weekly in the following month; 3) 36 had diacerein (diaflex, "Rompharm Company") in a dose of 50 mg twice daily for 3 months. On day 30 and day 90 of treatment, the symptom- modifying effect was evaluated from changes in the joint pain and morning stiffness domains of the WOMAC index. Renal function was measured using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), uric acid clearance (C(ua)), and urinary sediment. RESULTS: On day 30 of treatment, the patients taking diclofenac were found to have nephrotoxic effects (lower GFR, C(ua), evolving secondary hyperuricemia, progressive proteinuria, emerging microhematuria, elevated urinary levels of total lipid hydroperoxides, and enhanced calcium oxalate crystalluria). Alflutop and diacerein exerted no negative effects on renal function. On day 30 day of treatment, all the patient groups showed a reduction in the WOMAC pain score. The diclofenac group displayed a more marked decrease in the pain score than did the two other groups by day 30. Otherwise by day 90 of therapy with Alflutop and diacerein, the pain scores were reduced by 60 and 67%, respectively, which was similar to those in the diclofenac group by day 30 of a follow-up. By day 30 day of treatment, the stiffness score was also observed to fall in all the groups and achieved even lower values in the Alflutop and diacerein groups compared with diclofenac group. CONCLUSION: Alflutop and diacerein used by patients with knee OA do not produce nephrotoxic effects and by day 90 demonstrated similar to diclofenac symptom-modifying effect by reducing pain and stiffness scores. Diclofenac administration contributed to oxalate nephropathy progress.

[Nitrogenous metabolism vitamin provision and anthrometric indices by Uzbek young with a different nutrition status].

Nitrogenous metabolism, vitamin provision and anthroponietric indices were inventigated in 1560 Uzbek youths (18-21 years old) with diverse alimentary status. Changes cheatinine in urine, insufficient vitamines content and violations of authropometric indices were revald in patients with protein-calorie deficiency.

[Integrated assessment of the alimentary status in students of pre-recruitment age].

The aim of the study is to make an integrated hygienic assessment of the alimentary status of pre-conscripts going to various educational establishments. Two hundred and sixty seven male leavers of general educational school and lycees were followed up. Energy needs and actual nutrition were estimated by calculation methods. Their physical development was evaluated using the standard tables. The Quetle index was used to assess the nutritional status in the youths. The daily energy needs were ascertained to be 1.64 x total metabolism unit (TMU) for schoolboys and 1.84 x TMU for lycee youths. The recommended energy expenditures were 3000 and 3350 kcal/day, respectively. The actual nutrition was shown to be inadequate to meet the energy requirements in the youths and unbalancing in the major ingredients, and characterized by the carbohydrate directionality. The Quetle index in the school and lycee leavers was 20.2 and 19.8 kg/m2, respectively. Worse physical development parameters were associated not only with inadequate nutrition, but also a static component increase in the lifestyle of the present-day youths. According to the results of the integrated assessment of the youths' alimentary status, this contingent was assigned to a risk group. A package of prophylactic measures to rationalize nutrition in studying youths is recommended.

[Antimicrobic features of phenolic lipids].

The connection between the efficiency of phenolic lipids (PL) and their hydrophobic property (solubility) and hydrophobic property of microorganisms' cell structure is shown. The mixture of amphiphilic di(oxiphenil)-phenil-methanes, which act bacteriostatically under 15 mg/l, possesses maximal efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus. Against Mycobacterium smegmatis with hydrophobic cell wall, hydrophobic 2,4-dialkylocibenzol 70 mg/l was the most effective. Hexylresorcin (HR) stops the development of gram-positive bacteria in concentrations 20-50 mg/l, that of gram-negative bacteria in concentration 65 mg/l, that of M. smegmatis at 70 mg/l, and that of yeast and fungi at 300 mg/l. HR prevails bacteria spores germination in the concentration 25-100 mg/l. The dependence of antibacterial action of isomers and homologues of alkylresorcins on their structure--number, position, and length of alkyl substituents--is studied.

[Energy requirements in young males under extreme activity conditions].

Energy expenditures were studied in young men when the latter performed their professional activities under extreme living conditions (strenuous exercises, a combined exposure to natural factors: high environmental temperature, longer exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation, complex piedmont relief, etc:). The average daily energy expenditure calculated by metabolic constants was 4570 kcal or 19070 kJ and the recommended calorie content of a diet is 5250 kcal.

[Daily energy expenditures and energy requirements of pupils at general education schools in the Republic of Uzbekistan]. / Sutochnye énergotraty i potrebnost' v énergii uchashchikhsia obshcheobrazovatel'nykh shkol v usloviiakh Respubliki Uzbekistan.

Evaluation of daily anergy expenditures was made on the basis of study of schoolchildren's time budget and their energy expenditures at the main body postures and during various types of activity. The data were used for substantiation of the physiological energy requirements to schoolchildren of different age and sex. Recommendations on the rations for schoolchildren with consideration for age and sex were made.

[Rationale for energy requirements in adolescents training in tractor-driver and machinist specialties in Uzbekistan]. / Obosnovanie potrebnosti v énergii podrostkov, osvaivaiushchikh spetsialnost traktorista-mashinista v usloviiakh respubliki Uzbekistan.

Analysis has shown that the ration of pupils mastering tractor driver profession is insufficient. Excretion of vitamins with urine in 20-68% pupils is lower than the standard. Blood protein and protein fractions content indicated a decreased protein synthesizing function of the liver. Energy expenditures of pupils are 3040-3200 kcal/d.

[Possibility of studying lipoperoxidation processes in surviving tissues]. / O vozmozhnosti issledovaniia protsessov lipoperoksidatsii v perezhivaiushchikh tkaniakh.

A study was made of postmortem changes in the activity of "antioxidative" enzymes and in the content of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation in rabbit tissues (aorta, liver). It was found that the content of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation in the liver sharply rises already 1.5 h after the animals were sacrificed whereas no significant changes developed in the aorta over 9 hours. The activity of the "antioxidative" enzymes in the aorta or liver remains unchanged during these hours. Possibilities are discussed of studying the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathion peroxidase, and the products of lipid peroxidation in cadaveric material obtained on rapid autopsy of suddenly deceased people.