A Sustainable and Cost-Effective Nitrogen-Doped Three-Dimensional Porous Carbon for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Affordable clean energy is one of the major sustainable development goals that can transform our world. At present, researchers are working to develop cheap electrode materials to develop energy storage devices, the Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is considered a promising energy storage device owing to its excellent theoretical specific capacity and energy density. Herein, utilizing the ramie degumming waste liquid as raw materials, after freeze-drying and high-temperature calcination, a sustainable and cost-effective three-dimensional (3D) porous nitrogen-doped ramie carbon (N-RC) was synthesized. The N-RC calcined at 800 °C (N-RC-800) shows a superior high specific surface area of 1491.85 m2·g-1 and a notable high pore volume of 0.90 cm3·g-1. When employed as a sulfur host, the S@N-RC-800 cathode illustrates excellent initial discharge capacity (1120.6 mAh·g-1) and maintains a reversible capacity of 625.4 mAh·g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 C. Simultaneously, the S@N-RC-800 cathode also shows excellent coulombic efficiency and ideal rate performance. Such exceptional electrochemical performance of S@N-RC-800 can be primarily attributable to N-RC's high specific surface area, high porosity, and abundant polar functional groups. This green and low-cost synthesis strategy offers a new avenue for harnessing the potential of waste biomass in the context of clean energy storage.

The endometrial cancer detection using non-invasive hypermethylation of CDO1 and CELF4 genes in women with postmenopausal bleeding in Northwest China.

Objective: The objective of this study was to verify the clinical predictive performance of methylated cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1m) and CUGBP Elav-like family member 4 (CELF4m) in endometrial cancer (EC) women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). Material and Methods: A single-center, prospective, and case-control study was conducted in the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital with 138 female postmenopausal patients enrolled in 2022. All patients underwent body mass index (BMI) detection, transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) detection, carbohydrate antigen 125 detection, and the cervical exfoliated cell CDO1/CELF4 gene methylation detection to analyze the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of different screening tests statistically with the biopsy and/or dilation and curettage (D&C) pathological diagnosis under hysteroscopy as the gold standard. Results: There was no significant difference in age between the EC group and the non-EC group, P = 0.492. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technology, we validated the CDO1 and CELF4 methylation detection with 87.5% sensitivity and 95.9% specificity as a useful strategy for the triage of women with PMB for the detection of EC. In addition, 100% of type II EC (n = 6) were positively detected by the CDO1 or CELF4 methylation test. Conclusion: The CDO1 and CELF4 methylation test with high specificity as an auxiliary diagnostic tool or alternative method provides physicians with a reference to distinguish between benign and malignant tumors in women with postmenopausal bleeding, to justify the necessity of using invasive methods to confirm diagnosis.

Immune-related gene methylation prognostic instrument for stratification and targeted treatment of ovarian cancer patients toward advanced 3PM approach.

Background: DNA methylation is an important mechanism in epigenetics, which can change the transcription ability of genes and is closely related to the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer (OC). We hypothesize that DNA methylation is significantly different in OCs compared to controls. Specific DNA methylation status can be used as a biomarker of OC, and targeted drugs targeting these methylation patterns and DNA methyltransferase may have better therapeutic effects. Studying the key DNA methylation sites of immune-related genes (IRGs) in OC patients and studying the effects of these methylation sites on the immune microenvironment may provide a new method for further exploring the pathogenesis of OC, realizing early detection and effective monitoring of OC, identifying effective biomarkers of DNA methylation subtypes and drug targets, improving the efficacy of targeted drugs or overcoming drug resistance, and better applying it to predictive diagnosis, prevention, and personalized medicine (PPPM; 3PM) of OC. Method: Hypermethylated subtypes (cluster 1) and hypomethylated subtypes (cluster 2) were established in OCs based on the abundance of different methylation sites in IRGs. The differences in immune score, immune checkpoints, immune cells, and overall survival were analyzed between different methylation subtypes in OC samples. The significant pathways, gene ontology (GO), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the identified methylation sites in IRGs were enriched. In addition, the immune-related methylation signature was constructed with multiple regression analysis. A methylation site model based on IRGs was constructed and verified. Results: A total of 120 IRGs with 142 differentially methylated sites (DMSs) were identified. The DMSs were clustered into a high-level methylation group (cluster 1) and a low-level methylation group (cluster 2). The significant pathways and GO analysis showed many immune-related and cancer-associated enrichments. A methylation site signature based on IRGs was constructed, including RORC|cg25112191, S100A13|cg14467840, TNF|cg04425624, RLN2|cg03679581, and IL1RL2|cg22797169. The methylation sites of all five genes showed hypomethylation in OC, and there were statistically significant differences among RORC|cg25112191, S100A13|cg14467840, and TNF|cg04425624 (p < 0.05). This prognostic model based on low-level methylation and high-level methylation groups was significantly linked to the immune microenvironment as well as overall survival in OC. Conclusions: This study provided different methylation subtypes for OC patients according to the methylation sites of IRGs. In addition, it helps establish a relationship between methylation and the immune microenvironment, which showed specific differences in biological signaling pathways, genomic changes, and immune mechanisms within the two subgroups. These data provide ones to deeply understand the mechanism of immune-related methylation genes on the occurrence and development of OC. The methylation-site signature is also to establish new possibilities for OC therapy. These data are a precious resource for stratification and targeted treatment of OC patients toward an advanced 3PM approach. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-024-00359-3.

Visualization analysis of research frontiers and trends in the treatment of sciatic nerve injury.

Objective: To visualize and analyze the literature related to sciatic nerve injury treatment from January 2019 to December 2023, and summarize the current status, hotspots, and development trends of research in this field. Methods: Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, we searched the Web of Science database for literature related to the treatment of sciatic nerve injury. Then we analyzed and plotted visualization maps to show the number of publications, countries, institutions, authors, keywords, references, and journals. Results: A total of 2,653 articles were included in the English database. The annual number of publications exceeded 230, and the citation frequency increased yearly. The United States and China were identified as high-influence nations in this field. Nantong University was the leading institution in terms of close cooperation among institutions. The authors Wang Yu had the highest number of publications and were highly influential in this field. Keyword analysis and reference Burst revealed a research focus on nerve regeneration and neuropathic pain, which involve regenerative medicine and neural tissue engineering. Chronic pain resulting from sciatic nerve injury often manifests alongside anxiety, depression, cognitive-behavioral disorders, and other issues. Interventions such as stem cells, electrical stimulation, electroacupuncture, total joint replacement, pharmacological interventions, gene therapy, nerve conduits, chitosan scaffolds, and exercise promote nerve repair and alleviate pain. Schwann cells have been the focus of much attention in nerve repair and regeneration. Improving the outcome of sciatic nerve injury is a current research challenge and focus in this field. Based on keyword Burst, nerve conduits and grafts may become a potential research hotspot in the treatment of sciatic nerve injury. Conclusion: This visual analysis summarizes research trends and developments of sciatic nerve injury treatment and predicts potential research frontiers and hot directions.

Intravascular Ultrasound vs Angiography-Guided Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty: The ULTIMATE â ¢ Trial.

BACKGROUND: Drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty seems a safe and effective option for specific de novo coronary lesions. However, the beneficial effect of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided DCB angioplasty in de novo lesions remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the benefits of IVUS guidance over angiography guidance during DCB angioplasty in de novo coronary lesions. METHODS: A total of 260 patients with high bleeding risk who had a de novo coronary lesion (reference vessel diameter 2.0-4.0 mm, and lesion length ≤15 mm) were randomly assigned to either an IVUS-guided or an angioplasty-guided DCB angioplasty group. The primary endpoint was in-segment late lumen loss (LLL) at 7 months after procedure. The secondary endpoint was target vessel failure at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 2 patients in the angiography-guided group and 7 patients in the IVUS-guided group underwent bailout stent implantation (P = 0.172). The primary endpoint of 7-month LLL was 0.03 ± 0.52 mm with angiography guidance vs -0.10 ± 0.34 mm with IVUS guidance (mean difference 0.14 mm; 95% CI: 0.02-0.26; P = 0.025). IVUS guidance was also associated with a larger 7-month minimal lumen diameter (2.06 ± 0.62 mm vs 1.75 ± 0.63 mm; P < 0.001) and a smaller diameter stenosis (28.15% ± 13.88% vs 35.83% ± 17.69%; P = 0.001) compared with angiography guidance. Five target vessel failures occurred at 6 months, with 4 (3.1%) in the angiography-guided group and 1 (0.8%) in the IVUS-guided group (P = 0.370). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that IVUS-guided DCB angioplasty is associated with a lower LLL in patients with a de novo coronary lesion compared with angiography guidance. (Intravascular Ultrasound Versus Angiography Guided Drug-Coated Balloon [ULTIMATE-III]; NCT04255043).

MG53 binding to CAV3 facilitates activation of eNOS/NO signaling pathway to enhance the therapeutic benefits of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic wound healing.

Impaired wound healing in diabetes results from a complex interplay of factors that disrupt epithelialization and wound closure. MG53, a tripartite motif (TRIM) family protein, plays a key role in repairing cell membrane damage and facilitating tissue regeneration. In this study, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transduced with lentiviral vectors overexpressing MG53 to investigate their efficacy in diabetic wound healing. Using a db/db mouse wound model, we observed that BMSCs-MG53 significantly enhanced diabetic wound healing. This improvement was associated with marked increase in re-epithelialization and vascularization. BMSCs-MG53 promoted recruitment and survival of BMSCs, as evidenced by an increase in MG53/Ki67-positive BMSCs and their improved response to scratch wounding. The combination therapy also promoted angiogenesis in diabetic wound tissues by upregulating the expression of angiogenic growth factors. MG53 overexpression accelerated the differentiation of BMSCs into endothelial cells, manifested as the formation of mature vascular network structure and a remarkable increase in DiI-Ac-LDL uptake. Our mechanistic investigation revealed that MG53 binds to caveolin-3 (CAV3) and subsequently increases phosphorylation of eNOS, thereby activating eNOS/NO signaling. Notably, CAV3 knockdown reversed the promoting effects of MG53 on BMSCs endothelial differentiation. Overall, our findings support the notion that MG53 binds to CAV3, activates eNOS/NO signaling pathway, and accelerates the therapeutic effect of BMSCs in the context of diabetic wound healing. These insights hold promise for the development of innovative strategies for treating diabetic-related impairments in wound healing.

[Analysis of 28 day-mortality risk factors in sepsis patients and construction and validation of predictive model].

OBJECTIVE: To construct and validate a nomogram model for predicting the risk of 28-day mortality in sepsis patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. 281 sepsis patients admitted to the department of intensive care unit (ICU) of the 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA from January 2017 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were divided into a training set (197 cases) and a validation set (84 cases) according to a 7 : 3 ratio. The general information, clinical treatment measures and laboratory examination results within 24 hours after admission to ICU were collected. Patients were divided into survival group and death group based on 28-day outcomes. The differences in various data were compared between the two groups. The optimal predictive variables were selected using Lasso regression, and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing the mortality of sepsis patients and to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve), calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC) were used to evaluate the nomogram model. RESULTS: Out of 281 cases of sepsis, 82 cases died with a mortality of 29.18%. The number of patients who died in the training and validation sets was 54 and 28, with a mortality of 27.41% and 33.33% respectively. Lasso regression, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis screened for 5 independent predictors associated with 28-day mortality. There were use of vasoactive drugs [odds ratio (OR) = 5.924, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.244-44.571, P = 0.043], acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II: OR = 1.051, 95%CI was 1.000-1.107, P = 0.050), combined with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS: OR = 17.298, 95%CI was 5.517-76.985, P < 0.001), neutrophil count (NEU: OR = 0.934, 95%CI was 0.879-0.988, P = 0.022) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2: OR = 0.994, 95%CI was 0.988-0.998, P = 0.017). A nomogram model was constructed using the independent predictive factors mentioned above, ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the nomogram model was 0.899 (95%CI was 0.856-0.943) and 0.909 (95%CI was 0.845-0.972) for the training and validation sets respectively. The C-index was 0.900 and 0.920 for the training and validation sets respectively, with good discrimination. The Hosmer-Lemeshoe tests both showed P > 0.05, indicating good calibration. Both DCA and CIC plots demonstrate the model's good clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS: The use of vasoactive, APACHE II score, comorbid MODS, NEU and PaO2/FiO2 are independent risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. The nomogram model based on these 5 indicators has a good predictive ability for the occurrence of mortality in sepsis patients.

The impact of hyperkalemia on ICU admission and mortality: a retrospective study of Chinese emergency department data.

OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the influence of hyperkalemia on both disease severity and the risk of mortality among patients admitted to the emergency room. METHODS: This retrospective observational study utilized data from the Chinese Emergency Triage Assessment and Treatment database (CETAT, version 2.0), which was designed to evaluate and optimize management strategies for emergency room (ER) patients. Patients were systematically categorized based on serum potassium levels. Relationships between serum potassium levels, risk of mortality, and the severity of illness were then analyzed using multifactorial logistic regression and through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. The effectiveness of various treatments at lowering potassium levels was also investigated. RESULTS: 12,799 emergency patients were enrolled, of whom 20.1% (n = 2,577) were hypokalemic and 2.98% (n = 381) were hyperkalemic. Among hyperkalemic patients, the leading reasons for visiting the ER were altered consciousness 23.88% (n = 91), cardiovascular symptoms 22.31% (n = 85), and gastrointestinal symptoms 20.47% (n = 78). Comparative analysis with patients exhibiting normal potassium levels revealed hyperkalemia as an independent factor associated with mortality in the ER. Mortality risk appears to positively correlate with increasing potassium levels, reaching peaks when blood potassium levels ranged between 6.5 and 7.0. Hyperkalemia emerged as a strong predictor of death in the ER, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.89. The most frequently prescribed treatment for hyperkalemia patients was diuretics (57.32%, n = 188), followed by intravenous sodium bicarbonate (50.91%, n = 167), IV calcium (37.2%, n = 122), insulin combined with high glucose (27.74%, n = 91), and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) for 19.82% (n = 65). Among these, CRRT appeared to be the most efficacious at reducing potassium levels. Diuretics appeared relatively ineffective, while high-glucose insulin, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium preparations having no significant effect on the rate of potassium decline. CONCLUSION: Hyperkalemia is common in emergency situations, especially among patients with altered consciousness. There is a strong positive correlation between the severity of hyperkalemia and mortality risk. CRRT appears to be the most effective potassium reducting strategy, while the use of diuretics should be approached with caution.

Crosstalk between bone and brain in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that involves multiple systems in the body. Numerous recent studies have revealed bidirectional crosstalk between the brain and bone, but the interaction between bone and brain in AD remains unclear. In this review, we summarize human studies of the association between bone and brain and provide an overview of their interactions and the underlying mechanisms in AD. We review the effects of AD on bone from the aspects of AD pathogenic proteins, AD risk genes, neurohormones, neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the autonomic nervous system. Correspondingly, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the involvement of bone in the pathogenesis of AD, including bone-derived hormones, bone marrow-derived cells, bone-derived EVs, and inflammation. On the basis of the crosstalk between bone and the brain, we propose potential strategies for the management of AD with the hope of offering novel perspectives on its prevention and treatment. HIGHLIGHTS: The pathogenesis of AD, along with its consequent changes in the brain, may involve disturbing bone homeostasis. Degenerative bone disorders may influence the progression of AD through a series of pathophysiological mechanisms. Therefore, relevant bone intervention strategies may be beneficial for the comprehensive management of AD.

Akkermansia muciniphila isolated from forest musk deer ameliorates diarrhea in mice via modification of gut microbiota.

BACKGROUND: The forest musk deer, a rare fauna species found in China, is famous for its musk secretion which is used in selected Traditional Chinese medicines. However, over-hunting has led to musk deer becoming an endangered species, and their survival is also greatly challenged by various high incidence and high mortality respiratory and intestinal diseases such as septic pneumonia and enteritis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that Akkermannia muciniphila (AKK) is a promising probiotic, and we wondered whether AKK could be used as a food additive in animal breeding programmes to help prevent intestinal diseases. METHODS: We isolated one AKK strain from musk deer feces (AKK-D) using an improved enrichment medium combined with real-time PCR. After confirmation by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a series of in vitro tests was conducted to evaluate the probiotic effects of AKK-D by assessing its reproductive capability, simulated gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, acid and bile salt resistance, self-aggregation ability, hydrophobicity, antibiotic sensitivity, hemolysis, harmful metabolite production, biofilm formation ability, and bacterial adhesion to gastrointestinal mucosa. RESULTS: The AKK-D strain has a probiotic function similar to that of the standard strain in humans (AKK-H). An in vivo study found that AKK-D significantly ameliorated symptoms in the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced murine diarrhea model. AKK-D improved organ damage, inhibited inflammatory responses, and improved intestinal barrier permeability. Additionally, AKK-D promoted the reconstitution and maintenance of the homeostasis of gut microflora, as indicated by the fact that AKK-D-treated mice showed a decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in the proportion of other beneficial bacteria like Muribaculaceae, Muribaculum, and unclassified f_Lachnospiaceae compared with the diarrhea model mice. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our data show that this novel AKK-D strain might be a potential probiotic for use in musk deer breeding, although further extensive systematic research is still needed.

Measuring the Boundary Gapless State and Criticality via Disorder Operator.

The disorder operator is often designed to reveal the conformal field theory (CFT) information in quantum many-body systems. By using large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulation, we study the scaling behavior of disorder operators on the boundary in the two-dimensional Heisenberg model on the square-octagon lattice with gapless topological edge state. In the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki phase, the disorder operator is shown to hold the perimeter scaling with a logarithmic term associated with the Luttinger liquid parameter K. This effective Luttinger liquid parameter K reflects the low-energy physics and CFT for (1+1)D boundary. At bulk critical point, the effective K is suppressed but it keeps finite value, indicating the coupling between the gapless edge state and bulk fluctuation. The logarithmic term numerically captures this coupling picture, which reveals the (1+1)D SU(2)_{1} CFT and (2+1)D O(3) CFT at boundary criticality. Our Letter paves a new way to study the exotic boundary state and boundary criticality.

Insights into dynamic evolution of glucuronofucogalactoglucan from water extract of Agrocybe cylindracea during maturation.

This study explored the physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of Agrocybe cylindracea polysaccharides at four developmental stages, as well as their dynamic evolution during maturation. Results showed that the polysaccharides from A. cylindracea water extract exhibited similar structural characteristics across all four maturity stages, despite a significant reduction in yields. Four water-soluble heteroglycans, including one high molecular weight (ACPM-Et50-I) and three low molecular weight (ACPM-Et50-II, ACPM-Et60, ACPM-Et80), were isolated from A. cylindracea at each maturity stage. ACPM-Et50-I was identified as branched heterogalactans, while ACPM-Et60 and ACPM-Et80 were branched heteroglucans. However, ACPM-Et50-II was characterized as a branched glucuronofucogalactoglucan at the tide-turning stage but a glucuronofucoglucogalactan at the pileus expansion stage due to the increase of its α-(1 â†’ 6)-D-Galp. In general, although the structural skeletons of most A. cylindracea heteroglycans were similar during maturation as shown by their highly consistent glycosyl linkages, there were still differences in the distribution of some heteroglucans. This work has for the first time reported a glucuronofucogalactoglucan in A. cylindracea and its dynamic evolution during maturation, which may facilitate the potential application of A. cylindracea in food and biomedicine industries.

Proteome-Wide Multicenter Mendelian Randomization Analysis to Identify Novel Therapeutic Targets for Lung Cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer (LC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic targets. The integration of Mendelian randomization (MR) with proteomic data presents a novel approach to identifying potential targets for LC treatment. METHODS: This study utilized a proteome-wide MR analysis, leveraging publicly available data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) studies. We analyzed genetic association data for LC from the TRICL-ILCCO Consortium and proteomic data from the Decode cohort. The MR framework was employed to estimate the causal effects of specific proteins on LC risk, supplemented by external validation, co-localization analyses, and exploration of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. RESULTS: Our analysis identified five proteins (TFPI, ICAM5, SFTPB, COL6A3, EPHB1) with significant associations to LC risk. External validation confirmed the potential therapeutic relevance of ICAM5 and SFTPB. Co-localization analyses and PPI network exploration provided further insights into the biological pathways involved and their potential mechanistic roles in LC pathogenesis. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the power of integrating genomic and proteomic data through MR analysis to uncover novel therapeutic targets for lung cancer. The identified proteins, particularly ICAM5 and SFTPB, offer promising directions for future research and development of targeted therapies, demonstrating the potential to advance personalized medicine in lung cancer treatment.

Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Receiving Timely Dental Treatment With General Anesthesia.

Purpose: To describe social determinants of health (SDOH) in a group of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) planned for dental procedures with general anesthesia (GA) at a pediatric hospital and explore associations between SDOH and completing this treatment in the recommended timeframe. Methods: SDOH were recorded for all patients planned for dental treatment with GA in 2019. Outcomes were treatment completed in the recommended timeframe or treatment not completed within two years of planning. Results: Dental surgery plans were made for 390 CSHCN: 190 were completed in the recommended timeframe, and 119 were not completed within two years. The SDOH associated with completing/not completing surgery were parents (guardian/caregiver)/household, and documentation of social work involvement with the family. Patients receiving optimally timed surgery more frequently had two parents/one household and/or an active social work plan on the record. Those not receiving surgery frequently had two parents/two households, single parents, and/or had no social work plan. Ethnicity, payer, and the need for an interpreter were not associated with receiving timely surgery. Conclusions: Multiple studies have found that social determinants of health contribute to disparate health outcomes. In this study, children with two parents in one household appear to be advantaged in receiving care in the recommended timeframe. Families with SDOH challenges who had a social work plan were frequently able to overcome SDOH barriers and receive dental treatment with general anesthesia in the timeframe recommended.

Clinical Study on the Use of Omalizumab for IgE-Mediated Allergic Diseases.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of the combined use of omalizumab with conventional anti-allergy treatment for IgE-mediated allergic diseases and to provide new treatment options for the clinical management of IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Methods: Patients with IgE-mediated allergic diseases who visited the Allergy Department of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University between June 2020 and June 2022 were randomly divided into two groups: the conventional anti-allergy treatment group (control) and the experimental group receiving conventional treatment combined with omalizumab. The treatment lasted for 24 weeks, with patient follow-up and evaluation of treatment effects for seasonal allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and urticaria. Results: The evaluation of treatment effects for seasonal allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and allergic rhinitis showed that the experimental group had significantly better outcomes than the control group. Conclusion: The combined use of omalizumab with conventional anti-allergy treatment was effective in treating IgE-mediated seasonal allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and allergic asthma, providing a new therapeutic option for the clinical management of IgE-mediated allergic diseases.

Qizhu anticancer prescription enhances immunosurveillance of liver cancer cells by regulating p21-dependent secretory phenotypes.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, largely due to the limitations of available therapeutic strategies. The traditional Chinese medicine Qizhu Anticancer Prescription (QZACP) can improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of patients with HCC. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer properties of QZACP remain unclear. PURPOSE: This study examined the anti-hepatocarcinogenic properties of QZACP, with a specific focus on its influence on the p21-activated secretory phenotype (PASP)-mediated immune surveillance, to elucidate the underlying molecular pathways involved in HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and clonogenic assays. The cell cycle was evaluated using flow cytometry, and senescence was identified by staining with senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-ß-gal). A primary liver cancer model produced by diethylnitrosamine was established in C57 BL/6 mice to assess the tumor-inhibitory effect of QZACP. The liver's pathological characteristics were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. PASP screening was performed using GeneCards, DisGeNet, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence staining, and Transwell migration assays were performed. RESULTS: Serum containing QZACP enhanced p21 expression, triggered cell cycle arrest, accelerated cell senescence, and suppressed cell proliferation in Huh7 and MHCC-97H liver cancer cells. QZACP reduced the quantity and dimensions of liver tumor nodules and enhanced p21 protein expression, SA-ß-Gal staining in tumor lesions, and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell infiltration. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that PASP factors, including hepatocyte growth factor, decorin (DCN), dermatopontin, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14), and Wnt family member 2 (WNT2), play an important role in the development of HCC. In addition, these factors are associated with the presence of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells within tumors. Western blotting and ELISA confirmed that QZACP increased DCN, CXCL14, and WNT2 levels in tumor tissues and peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS: QZACP's suppression of HCC progression may involve cell senescence mediated via p21 upregulation, DCN, CXCL14, and WNT2 secretion, and reversal of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study provides insights that can be used in the development of new treatment strategies for HCC.

Network meta-analysis of four common immunomodulatory therapies for the treatment of patients with thin endometrium.

OBEJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcomes of four common immunomodulatory therapies for patients with thin endometrium. METHOD: This systematic review and network meta-analysis using a literature search up to January 2024, to identify relevant trials comparing endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcomes of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), infusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (IG-CSF), and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) for patients with thin endometrium. We used surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) to ranked four common immunomodulatory therapies on endometrium thickness, implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and live birth rate (LBR). RoB2 and ROBINS-I were used to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS: The pooled results of 22 studies showed that hCG (mean difference [MD]: 3.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46-4.64) and PRP (MD: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.20-1.76) significantly increase endometrium thickness. The hCG was the best among the IG-CSF (MD = -2.56, 95% CI = -4.30 to -0.82), PBMC (MD = -2.75, 95% CI = -5.49 to -0.01), and PRP (MD = -2.07, 95% CI = -3.84 to -0.30) in increasing endometrium thickness. However, IG-CSF and PRP significantly improved IR (IG-CSF: risk ratio (RR; IG-CSF: RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.06-1.67; PRP: RR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.19-2.23), and LBR (IG-CSF: RR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.16-2.02; PRP: RR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.08-2.36). CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence reveals that hCG and subcutaneous or intrauterine CSF (SG-CSF) may be the best treatment options for current thin endometrium patients. However, future high-quality and large-scale studies are necessary to validate our findings.

Acid-Promoted Multicomponent Reaction To Synthesize 4-Phosphorylated 4H-Chromenes.

An effective multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of 4-phosphorylated 4H-chromenes via a tandem phosphorylation/alkylation/cyclization/dehydration sequence with water as the only byproduct was developed. Extensive mechanistic investigations involving in situ NMR experiments, time control experiments, and in situ HRMS experiment allowed us to elucidate the order of each subreaction to arrive at a complete understanding of the underlying mechanism of this multicomponent reaction. Mechanistic data confirm that the reaction begins with a phospha-aldol-elimination, followed by addition of a ketone enolate, intermolecular alkylation, intramolecular cyclization, and dehydration under acidic conditions.

Effects of cold acclimation on serum biochemical parameters and metabolite profiles in Schizothorax prenanti.

BACKGROUND: Environmental temperature is critical in regulating biological functions in fish. S. prenanti is a kind of cold-water fish, but of which we have little knowledge about the metabolic adaptation and physiological responses to long-term cold acclimation. RESULTS: In this study, we determined the physiological responses of S. prenanti serum after 30 days of exposure to 6℃. Compared with the control group, the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C in the serum were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and the level of glucose was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased under cold acclimation. Cold acclimation had no effect on the gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors of S. prenanti. Metabolomics analysis by LC-MS showed that a total of 60 differential expressed metabolites were identified after cold acclimation, which involved in biosynthesis of amino acids, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, steroid degradation, purine metabolism, and citrate cycle pathways. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that cold acclimation can alter serum metabolites and metabolic pathways to alter energy metabolism and provide insights for the physiological regulation of cold-water fish in response to cold acclimation.